Abstract: Devices for radiative cooling and optical waveguiding are provided, wherein the devices comprise a fabric including one or more fibers extending for a length in a longitudinal direction and a plurality of void structures positioned within each of the one or more fibers and extended over the length of each of the one or more fibers. Each of the plurality of void structures is configured to scatter at least a portion of an electromagnetic radiation received thereon to thereby radiatively cool the object.

Abstract: Methods and devices for positioning a nerve stimulation device on a subject are provided. Aspects are directed to methods of positioning a stimulation device on an anatomic target of a subject comprising positioning an alignment guide adjacent to at least a first alignment point associated with the anatomic target on the subject, wherein the alignment guide indicates a first target location on the anatomic target of the subject, and positioning the stimulation device at the first target location.

Abstract: Measurement devices can be used for identifying concentration of arsenic species in water samples. The measurement devices can take the form of test strips including a substrate with at least one testing region that includes an amount of a testing medium. The silver reagent includes a polymer framework and a silver component that is stabilized by the framework, yet remains reactive enough to function as a colorimetric sensor for arsenic, e.g., ((Ag(H2btc))(Ag2(Hbtc)))n. The initially substantially colorless testing medium exhibits a color change response when exposed to arsenic species, e.g., arsine, generated from samples including as little as 5 ppb arsenic, with an increasingly dark color as the concentration of arsenic is increased. Test strips fabricated with the silver coordination polymer display robust stability towards both light and water, allowing for an alternative to mercury-based field test kits in real-world field tests under direct sunlight and high humidity conditions.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for rapid and accurate detection of nucleic acid in a single reaction chamber are provided. In one aspect, a patient specimen suspected of comprising a first nucleic acid is used to form a crude lysate which is combined with an infrared absorbing material, a detecting nucleic acid, and at least one reporter molecule in the single reaction chamber and heated by irradiating the reaction mixture with infrared light. Another aspect is directed to an apparatus for detecting a presence or absence of a plurality of different molecules within a reaction container. The apparatus comprises an infrared light source aimed to illuminate contents of the reaction container; an excitation light source positioned to illuminate contents of the reaction container; and a spectrometer positioned to detect emission light emanating from the reaction container.

Abstract: The present invention relates to noninvasive microbiome analyses of Barrett's esophagus (BE) patients in which changes in the relative abundance of certain bacteria indicate a disease likelihood or pathogenic state. Additional aspects of the present invention relate to manipulating the microbiome to treat or prevent BE and related conditions. Embodiments also include monitoring for development of disease or monitoring treatment for prevention or elimination of disease states.

Abstract: The present subject matter relates to photomechanical compounds and methods for producing such photomechanical materials. The compound can include a solid-state compound having a formula including [Cluster1][Cluster2]. Cluster 1 can include copper and azobenzene, and Cluster 2 can include a counterion.

Abstract: Systems and methods for generating an electromechanical map are disclosed herein. The methods includes obtaining ultrasound data comprising a series of consecutive image frames and radio frequency (RF) signals corresponding to the location in the heart; measuring displacements and strains based on the ultrasound data to determine an electromechanical activation in the location; converting the ultrasound data into a series of isochrone maps; and combining the series of isochrone maps to generate the electromechanical map. The electromechanical map illustrates the electromechanical activation and internal wall structures of the heart.

Abstract: The present subject matter relates to techniques for simultaneous blood-brain barrier opening and cavitation imaging. The disclosed system can include a transducer and a processor. The transducer can be configured to generate a plurality of focused transmits and simultaneously obtain a plurality of power cavitation images. The processor can be configured to control a parameter of the focused transmits, acquire the power cavitation images between each focused transmit, and generate a cavitation map based on the power cavitation images.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides, method, a system, and apparatus for identifying odorants. For example, the apparatus performs sensing an odorant using an olfactory sensor, encoding the sensed odorant to an electrical signal using an input processor, determining an identity representation of the odorant based on the encoded electrical signal, and determining odorant information using a time-dependent hash code based on the identity representation of the odorant.

Abstract: The disclosed subject matter provides systems and methods for spatial and spectral modulation of light. An example system for modulating light can include a substrate and a plurality of meta units, coupled to the substrate and configured to spatially and spectrally modulate the light, wherein the plurality of meta units includes a perturbation and forms a perturbed lattice supporting a quasi-bound state in the continuum.

Abstract: This disclosure provides chips, systems and methods for sequencing a nucleic acid sample. Tagged nucleotides are provided into a reaction chamber comprising a nanopore in a membrane. An individual tagged nucleotide of the tagged nucleotides can contain a tag coupled to a nucleotide, which tag is detectable with the aid of the nanopore. Next, an individual tagged nucleotide of the tagged nucleotides can be incorporated into a growing strand complementary to a single stranded nucleic acid molecule derived from the nucleic acid sample. With the aid of the nanopore, a tag associated with the individual tagged nucleotide can be detected upon incorporation of the individual tagged nucleotide. The tag can be detected with the aid of the nanopore when the tag is released from the nucleotide.

Abstract: This invention relates to the use of nucleoside, nucleotide and other compounds which are inhibitors or terminators of viral RNA dependent RNA polymerases or inhibitors of exonucleases as antiviral agents. These antiviral agents can be used alone or in combination with other polymerase or exonuclease inhibitors, helicase inhibitors, HCV NS5A inhibitors, HIV integrase inhibitors and HCV NS3-4A and other protease inhibitors to treat viral infections such as SARS-CoV-2, the causative agent of the COVID-19 infection.

Abstract: This invention relates to the treatment of fatty liver disease. More specifically, embodiments of the invention provide a pharmaceutical composition comprising a pharmaceutical carrier and a compound that reduces LTBP3 activity in liver cells.

Abstract: Systems and methods of performing temperature swing solvent extraction (TSSE) descaling of produced water and desalination of high-salinity brines, e.g., those having a total dissolved solids (TDS) greater than about 250,000 ppm are capable of producing descaled water products including less than about 5% weight percent TDS. The brine/produced water feedstreams and combined with a solvent having temperature-dependent water solubility at a temperature TL. Water is extracted from the feedstream into the solvent to form a water-in-solvent extract component and a raffinate component, from which a solid phase can be precipitated as more water is portioned in the solvent and basicity increases. Heating of the water-in-solvent extract component reduces the solubility of the water therein, producing a biphasic mixture of dewatered solvent and descaled water that can be separated.

Abstract: Disclosed are implementations, including a method that includes obtaining measurement samples relating to electrical operation of an electric motor drive providing power to an electric motor, deriving, based on the samples, instantaneous estimates for parameters characterizing speed and/or position of the motor according to an optimization process based on a cost function defined for the samples, and applying a filtering operation to the instantaneous estimates to generate filtered values of the motor's speed and/or position. The filtering operation includes computing the filtered values using the derived instantaneous estimates in response to a determination that a computed convexity of the cost function is greater than or equal to a convexity threshold value, and/or applying a least-squares filtering operation to the derived instantaneous estimates and using at least one set of previous estimates derived according to the optimization process applied to previous measurement samples.

Abstract: In various embodiments, a laser is scanned across biological tissue to alter the characteristics of the tissue. To alter the optical characteristics of a cornea, the laser is scanned in an annular pattern over a region having a ratio of the outer diameter of the region to the inner diameter of the region. The laser may also be used to irradiate cartilage in joints to treat osteoarthritis.

Abstract: The invention relates generally to a pharmacological therapy for human genetic diseases, specifically those characterized by unbalance nucleotide pools, more specifically mitochondrial DNA depletion syndromes, and more specifically, thymidine kinase 2 (TK2) deficiency. The pharmacological therapy involves the administration of at least one deoxynucleoside, or mixtures thereof. For the treatment of TK2 deficiency, the pharmacological therapy involves the administration of either deoxythymidine (dT) or deoxycytidine (dC), or mixtures thereof. This administration of deoxynucleosides is applicable to other disorders of unbalanced nucleotide pools, especially those found in mitochondrial DNA depletion syndrome.

Abstract: Systems and methods for radiative cooling and heating are provided. For example, systems for radiative cooling can include a top layer including one or more polymers, where the top layer has high emissivity in at least a portion of the thermal spectrum and an electromagnetic extinction coefficient of approximately zero, absorptivity of approximately zero, and high transmittance in at least a portion of the solar spectrum, and further include a reflective layer including one or more metals, where the reflective layer has high reflectivity in at least a portion of the solar spectrum.

Abstract: Methods and systems are described for adjusting an optical signal. An example device can comprise a plurality of waveguides. The device can comprise an interference structure optically coupled to the plurality of waveguides and configured to receive an optical signal and distribute the optical signal to the plurality of waveguides as a plurality of optical signals. The device can comprise a plurality of phase shifters coupled to corresponding waveguides of the plurality of waveguides and configured to adjust the phase of one or more of the plurality of optical signals. The device can comprise a plurality of emitters optically coupled to corresponding outputs of the plurality of phase shifters and configured to output the adjusted plurality of optical signals. The adjusted plurality of optical signals can be output as light patterns reconfigurable in at least one dimension.

Abstract: Disclosed herein, inter alia, are compounds, compositions, and methods of use thereof in the sequencing of a nucleic acid.