Abstract: Spectra corresponding to overlapping grating orders are focused onto a multi-waveband focal plane array in order to create spectral images of a scene simultaneously in multiple wavelength regions. The blaze of the grating is chosen so that all spectral orders are dispersed with high grating efficiency. Such an approach extends the spectral range of disperse spectrometers to several octaves of wavelength, while preserving the compact packaging and cryogenic requirements of conventional (one octave) instruments.

Abstract: A digital image is "watermarked", that is, authenticated by an embedded pattern. The pattern is created by hashing the image and adding a signature element. Manipulating this result by the seed for a random number generator leads to an initial two dimensional random black-and-white pattern. This pattern is manipulated by a cellular automaton and smoothed before being added to the original image. To determine whether the image is authentic, one retrieves the watermark by subtracting the watermarked image from the original to obtain the difference. The value of the correlation between the difference thus obtained and the smoothed pattern determines the presence or absence of the watermark.

Abstract: There are provided asymmetrical two-photon chromophores of the formula:D--Ar--Awherein Ar is selected from the group consisting of ##STR1## wherein Fl is a fluorene group of the formula: ##STR2## wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are alkyl groups having 2 to 20 carbon atoms, and wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are the same or different;wherein D is ##STR3## wherein Q is selected from the group consisting of --H, --OH and --O--C.sub.x H.sub.2x+1, wherein x has a value of 1 to 10;and wherein A is selected from the group consisting of ##STR4## wherein Z is selected from the group consisting of --O-- and --S--.

Abstract: Method is provided for reacting silsesquioxane resins or polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes (POSS) bearing one or more olefinic groups with strong acids to cleave one or more olefin bonds of the olefinic groups to form POSS species of monomers or polymers having one or more functionalities suitable for reaction with a wide range of polymeric systems, to thus form new POSS derived compounds. Also provided are the new compounds so formed.

Abstract: The differential display (DD) technique, widely used previously for eukaryotic gene discovery, is optimized to detect differential mRNA transcription (an expressed gene) from both pure culture and soil derived bacterial RNA. A model system using toluene induction of TodC1 in Pseudomonas putida F1 is used to optimize the procedure. Once optimized, an arbitrary primer for the RT step in conjunction with the same arbitrary primer and a Shine-Dalgarno (SD) primer for the PCR reaction is used to detect the expressed gene. The invention thus provides a method for discovery and acquisition of novel genes from environmental microbial communities that avoids the traditional steps and inherent bias due to the culturing of environmental isolates.

Abstract: A new method for ion beam deposition of diamond-like carbon coatings onto a variety of substrates is described. A high power, radio frequency excited-inductively coupled ion gun directs a beam of carbon and hydrogen ions at a substrate inside an ultra vacuum deposition chamber. A four axis scanner is used for coating large and nonplaner substrates. A quadrupole mass spectrometer is mounted inside the deposition chamber for real time monitoring of ion composition. The disclosed method is particularly effective for coating zinc sulfide and zinc selenide infrared windows.

Abstract: Apparatus and method to improve the speed of electronic file transfer between remote computers by parallel processing. The most common transfer protocol is the File Transfer Protocol (FTP) Though the Internet is the most popular means by which users electronically transport data, the Internet's Transport Control Protocol/Internet Protocol ("TCP/IP") model, upon which FTP operates, does not adequately support the transfer of large data sets over long distances. Typical transfers between distant sites linked via the Internet have throughputs of about 20 Kilobytes per second ("Kb/sec") or less, and they are prone to dropping packets or losing connections. Making FTP parallel makes transfers up to five times faster, that is, it offers transfer rates of up to 100 Kb/sec. FTP is operated in parallel by segmenting a file into discrete packets, simultaneously transmitting these packets to the receiving computer, and reassembling the packets into the original file.

Abstract: A low cost dedicated hardware arrangement for reconstructing successive data frames from for example a commutated telemetry-communicated serial stream of digital and analog data, data which may be of unspecified words per data frame content. Encoding and detection of a word length synchronization signal within each data frame of the stream in accordance with the protocol of a commercially available telemetry encoder/transmitter apparatus is contemplated in the disclosed embodiment of the invention. The disclosed system is tailored for minimum communication protocol flexibility along with minimum fabrication and utilized space costs. Use in the spread spectrum telemetry environment and fabrication using dedicated logic array techniques are also contemplated. Military and non-military uses of the system are feasible including uses in medical environments.

Abstract: A head up display (HUD) mounting assembly (MA) enables the secure, yet flexible mounting of major HUD components within vehicles and particularly within the cockpit of an aircraft. Flexibility is desirable because of slight movement of airframe members during maneuvers and changing temperature and air pressure conditions, yet stability must be maintained in order to preserve optical alignment between the HUD projector and image combiner components. The inventive MA provides an integrated support for the HUD projector and image combiner thus improving optical stability over discretely mounted systems. The MA has a relatively rigid support arm attached to two end brackets, where one is a spring bracket and the other is an anti-twist bracket. The brackets are mounted to the ceiling of an aircraft cockpit to support the arm and to resiliently hold the HUD components in optical alignment.

Abstract: An ultrasonic angular measurement system is disclosed. The system is comprised of three parts, a control box used to collect and process data, an ultrasonic transducer, and a reflector block. The reflector block is configured so that it intercepts transmitted pulses received over a wide range of angles back to the transducer. All the components are self contained within a transportable housing which is attached to the aircraft deck during measurement of tip-off angle. The range of angle measurement is permitted because of the use of the unique reflector block which comprises a plurality of reflector segments for reflecting ultrasonic pulses transmitted at various ranges of angles.

Abstract: A plurality of Helmholtz resonators with varying physical characteristics are mechanically coupled within a structure to drastically reduced acoustic transmission through the structure or along a pipe. These mechanically coupled resonator structures produce much flatter broadband acoustic attenuation than uncoupled resonators.

Abstract: A high transmission comb-like optical filter structure in wave guiding media is described, an example of which includes multiply periodic modulation of length L=UL.sub.R where U represents an integer number of identical periods of length L.sub.R and L.sub.R is the length of a series of periodically modulated elements of length s.sub.v =M.sub.v d.sub.v, v=1 to V, where M.sub.v is an integer number of cycles of length d.sub.v. Individual filter elements of length s.sub.v of a filter of the invention compared to the reflectors bounding a conventional or series coupled Fabry-Perot cavity exhibit moderate to low reflectivity. Modulation of individual filter elements may be step-wise constant, sinusoidal, or other forms of refractive index modulation.

Abstract: An enhancement mode periodic table group III-IV semiconductor field-effect transistor device is disclosed. The disclosed transistor includes single metallization for ohmic and Schottky barrier contacts, a permanent non photosensitive passivation layer (a layer which has also been used for masking purposes during fabrication of the transistor) and a gate element of small dimension and shaped cross section as needed to provide desirable microwave spectrum electrical characteristics. The transistor of the invention is fabricated from undoped semiconductor materials disposed in a layered wafer structure and selectively doped by ion implantation to achieve either a p-channel or an n-channel transistor. The semiconductor materials may include two, one or zero buffer layers in their layer structure. The disclosed transistor is of reduced fabrication cost, increased dimensional accuracy and state of the art electrical performance.

Abstract: A method for forming a transmission line arrangement providing control of signal losses through the use of conductor cross-sectional surface area-increasing and skin effect-considered bulbous additions to the rectangular conductor cross-sectional shape frequently used in semiconductor device transmission line conductors. The achieved transmission line is especially suited for use in radio frequency integrated circuit assemblies where it also includes a backplane member, encounters signals in the microwave and millimeter wavelength range and involves conductor dimensions measured in micrometers. Control of transmission line characteristic impedance at, for example, 50 ohms is disclosed as is use of semiconductor device-compatible materials and loss comparisons data.

Abstract: Two new homing guidance laws, designated as proportional Guidance (PROGUIDE) and Augmented Proportional Guidance (Augmented PROGUIDE), have been developed for use against non-maneuvering and maneuvering targets, respectively. These guidance laws are the solutions of linear-quadratic regulator control problems and minimize deviations from the collision triangle over the entire period of homing flight, thereby indirectly minimizing miss distance. In contrast to proportional navigation (PRONAV), these algorithms command the achievement of angular acceleration instead of linear acceleration and there is a significant advantage in doing so.

Abstract: Three dimensional localization of a cancer tumor is performed by amplitude-modulated optical radiation producing a time varying photon distribution in the body of the patient examined. The amplitude and phase of the diffuse photon density wave (DPDW) are measured in the detection plane and a novel algorithm is employed enabling three-dimensional tumor localization to occur with only one measurement and without the need for a moving radiation scanner.

Abstract: The present invention is a technique for manufacturing microtube devices which have circumferential geometries repeated either uniformly or nonuniformly along the tube or device axis with sub-micron precision. The preferred manufacturing process involves forming a complex mandrel and giving it a metallic and/or nonmetallic coating or coatings by any of a variety of techniques. The mandrel can then be removed by appropriate chemical or physical means, leaving a microtube structure having an axial profile consisting of repeat units duplicating those on the mandrel. One technique for forming the complex mandrel consists of drawing a single core fiber (or bundle of core fibers) through a confining orifice. The fiber is held with minimal constraint (typically by friction), so that no breakage takes place as it is drawn through the orifice.

Abstract: A means is disclosed for increasing the power and field strength radiated by a solid state switched array radiator such as those used for example in ultrawideband radar systems. The incorporation of a specially designed pulsed transmission line is designed to preserve very fast rising pulses produced in each of a number of Blumleins that are triggered simultaneously or with appropriate delay to provide at the output of the stack of Blumleins a voltage that is applied to an antenna radiating element.

Abstract: The drive shaft assembly has a variable length. Each end of the drive shaft assembly has a flange for attaching to whatever is intend thereon such as a gear box drive or fan mount, and a female threaded attachment on the opposite side of the flange. A slide is secured in this attachment. The slide has a bore therein with longitudinal ball bearing races partially along the length of the wall. Each end of the shaft has opposing ball bearing races as compared to those in the slide and has further thereon an o-ring retainer. A sufficient number of ball bearings are placed in each race to allow for movement of the shaft in the slide. The o-ring is placed on the shaft after the bearings are inserted. After this the slide is secured to the flange.

Abstract: A polymer system having repeating units of the formula: ##STR1## wherein A is --H or --OH, x has a value of 0.5 to 1.0 and y has a value of 1.0-x, exhibits a high glass transition temperature (T.sub.g) and a low dielectric constant. The polymer system is useful in the area of microelectronic packaging.