Abstract: According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, methods of forming a semiconductor device on a semiconductor layer having opposing first and second surfaces are disclosed. An n-type doped region including an n-type dopant may be formed at the first surface of the semiconductor layer. A p-type dopant source layer including a p-type dopant may be formed on the n-type doped region. The p-type dopant may be diffused from the p-type dopant source layer through the n-type doped region into the semiconductor layer to form a p-type doped region of the semiconductor layer, and the p-type doped region of the semiconductor layer may be between the n-type doped region and the second surface of the semiconductor layer. After diffusing the p-type dopant, the p-type dopant source layer may be removed.

Abstract: A flexible armor is described herein that includes a first and second layer of fiber weave material, an inner ceramic layer, and a sheer thickening fluid. The first layer of fiber weave material forms an outermost layer on one side of the flexible armor. The second layer of fiber weave material forms an outmost layer opposite the first layer of fiber weave material on the other side of the flexible armor. The inner ceramic layer is a single continuous piece of interlinked ceramic material that is formed in between the first layer of fiber weave material and the second layer of fiber weave material. The first layer of fiber weave material, the second layer of fiber weave material, the inner ceramic layer, or a combination thereof is coated in the shear thickening fluid and the shear thickening fluid fills open space within each layer.

Abstract: In an example, a system to modify a severe weather vortex comprises a controller configured to specify initial conditions for formation of the severe weather vortex, model the severe weather vortex with equations of fluid dynamics based on the initial conditions to produce a simulated severe weather vortex, and computationally add energy to a vortex generation area at an upper part of the simulated severe weather vortex to modify the simulated severe weather vortex to disrupt at least one of the formation or a travel path of the simulated severe weather vortex. A steerable mirror is oriented to focus solar energy from the sun at a vortex generation area at an upper part of the severe weather vortex based on the energy computationally added to modify the simulated severe weather vortex.

Abstract: Systems and methods are provided for additively manufactured vascular networks that can allow for large areas of a plate or structure to be maintained at a constant and even temperature throughout a wide range of applied heat loads, even if the heat load is applied only on portions of the surface. An additively manufactured vascular network in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure is a cost effective way of adding this thermal management solution over other more labor intensive options or methods with higher initial costs. Applications for additively manufactured vascular networks in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure can be found in a wide range of land, sea, air, and space environments.

Abstract: The present invention provides for novel methods for regulating and detecting the cytosine methylation status of DNA. The invention is based upon identification of a novel and surprising catalytic activity for the family of TET proteins, namely TET1, TET2, TEM3, and CXXC4. The novel activity is related to the enzymes being capable of converting the cytosine nucleotide 5-methylcytosine into 5-hydroxymethylcytosine by hydroxylation.

Abstract: Various embodiments are directed to systems, apparatus and methods for characterizing evanescent coupling parameters of a waveguide coupled to a resonator through variation of their relative positions. Various embodiments extend a local coupling approach with novel fitting capabilities that robustly determine the bare resonator modes and coupling parameters with quantified residual error and coupling parameter uncertainty estimates.

Abstract: The compound below may be used in a fire-fighting formulation along with a poly(glucoside)-alkane, a poly(ethylene glycol) monoalkyl ether, and water. The value n is 2 or 3, R is a C3-C9 alkylene group, X is —O— or —N(COCH3)—, and c is a positive integer. It may be made by reacting a polysaccharide with acetic anhydride, propargyl alcohol, and an azidoalkyltris(trimethylsiloxy)silane or an azidoalkylbis(trimethylsiloxy)methylsilane. Alternatively, it may be made by reacting a polysaccharide with propargylamine, acetic anhydride, and an azidoalkyltris(trimethylsiloxy)silane or an azidoalkylbis(trimethylsiloxy)methylsilane.

Abstract: A test fixture is provided for containing a pair of test samples (i.e., sample pair) that contact each other along an interface. The fixture receives exposure to laser emission for radiative heating while providing compression to the sample pair. The text fixture includes a housing, an isolation container, and a compressor. The housing has an axial cavity with annular cross-sections including an internal helical thread portion and a window for receiving the laser emission. The isolation container receives the sample pair. The container inserts into the axial cavity and including an opening for disposition adjacent to the window. The compressor has circular cross-sections for insertion into the axial cavity and includes an external helical thread portion for engaging the internal helical thread portion of the housing. Axial pressure applies to the isolation container by turning the compressor inside the axial cavity. The isolation container provides thermal insulation from the housing and the compressor.

Abstract: The present disclosure is directed to a method and system for repairing a blade for a turbomachine that has been damaged due to foreign object impact. Machine learning algorithms are used to determine an amount of material to be removed from one or more damage locations and determine an amount of material addition to the damaged portion(s) and/or at other locations on the blade to keep the natural frequencies of the repaired blade within design limits during operation.

Abstract: A polymer comprising one or more chalcogenide elements and one or more crosslinking moieties. The crosslinking moieties may be organic, inorganic, or both. Also disclosed is the related method for making a polymer comprising purifying a chalcogenide polymer powder comprising one or more chalcogenide elements, melting the purified chalcogenide polymer powder, adding one or more crosslinking moieties to the melted chalcogenide polymer, and curing the modified chalcogenide polymer at a temperature between 150 and 200° C.

Abstract: This disclosure concerns electrically conducting poly(pyrazoles). The concept of oligomerizing and polymerizing substituted aminopyrazole derivatives combined with a monomer activation procedure involving base-mediated conversion of the protonated pyrazole ring nitrogen to amine salt was developed. This disclosure concerns the specific chemistries needed for the synthesis of a pyrazole monomer used in the polymer synthesis. The procedure used for blending the novel polypyrazoles with other compounds needed for construction of solar cells for testing was developed. This disclosure concerns the concept of using these types of heteroatom-rich, electron-deficient oligomers or polymers as n-dopable or p-dopable electron acceptors in photovoltaic cells. This disclosure concerns synthesizing the starting monomer compounds and polypyrazoles.

Abstract: Disclosed is a compound of formula (I), in which R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, X1, X2, X3, X4, and X5 are described herein. The small molecule compounds of formula (I) activate the functional activity of relaxin family peptide receptor 2 (RXFP2), thereby providing therapeutic treatments for a variety of disorders, such as a bone disorder, hypogonadism, cryptorchidism, polycystic ovary syndrome, cancer, infertility, or an ocular wound.

Abstract: Disclosed are compounds of Formula (I), pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, and methods of preparation thereof, wherein R1, Xa, Xb, Xc, and Xd are as described in the specification. Further disclosed is an isotopic mixture of a compound of Formula (I), as well as a pharmaceutical composition containing a hyperpolarized compound of Formula (I). Also disclosed is a method of diagnosing or monitoring a patient suffering from cancer, the method including administering a pharmaceutical composition comprising an effective amount of a hyperpolarized ketoglutarate compound or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and measuring the hyperpolarization of a compound of interest in the patient. Further disclosed is a method of preparing hyperpolarized ketoglutarate compounds for use in the above methods.

Abstract: Disclosed are methods of obtaining a cell population enriched for T cells having antigenic specificity for a cancer-specific mutation using in vitro stimulation of memory T cells. Also disclosed are related methods of isolating a T cell receptor (TCR), populations of cells, TCRs or antigen-binding portions thereof, pharmaceutical compositions, and methods of treating or preventing cancer.

Abstract: Disclosed is a linear air speed simulation device for testing countermeasures. The device includes a frame; at minimum one countermeasure dispenser rotating around a radius; a motor; a countermeasure firing system and circuitry; a countermeasure; a controller; and a firing circuit power supply. A linear speed value is inputted into the controller, causing the motor to rotate the dispenser at a revolutions per minute equal to the inputted linear speed value. The countermeasure firing system and circuitry monitors speed and position of the countermeasure as it rotates and causes dispensing of the countermeasure in a desired direction once the linear speed value and the revolutions per minute value are equal. The inventive device can achieve the same linear speeds as aircraft and ground based test systems, in a safe and cost effective manner that does not require the use of rocket sleds and extended linear tracks to achieve aircraft speeds.

Abstract: Radar intercept hardware is capable of receiving and storing multiple radar signals in any context including air, land, sea or space domains as radar pulse data. However, without a priori knowledge of all of the radar emitters captured by such radar interceptors, the information or intelligence that has been gathered is of little use until such radar signals are separated or deinterleaved from the radar pulse data. The present invention is directed to model-based radar signal deinterleaver systems and methods. The characteristics of known radar models, particularly pulse repetition intervals, pulse width, time of arrival and radio frequency are used by the various embodiments of the system and method of the present invention to extract out the known signals and leave the unknown or residue signals for adjudication by a subject matter expert.

Abstract: Provided is a zeroing target for a firearm sighting system that includes a range card insert and a range card sleeve. The range card insert includes zero range increment markings, caliber markings, and a point of aim indicator. The range card sleeve includes a zero range viewing window, a caliber viewing window, a point of aim viewing window, and a point of impact indicator. The range card insert fits within the range card sleeve and can be moved upwards or downwards within the sleeve for selecting a desired zero range increment marking and caliber marking. A laser boresight is aimed at the point of impact indicator and a sighting system on the weapon is adjusted until the sighting system is pointing at the point of aim indicator. When the two values align, the weapon is properly bore-sighted for the desired caliber and range, which can then be confirmed by live fire.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are modified NK cells, compositions comprising modified NK cells, and methods for treating a tumor or hyperproliferative disease in a subject. In some embodiments, the modified NK cells include NK cells including a heterologous nucleic acid molecule encoding a CD16 protein comprising a valine at amino acid position 158 (CD16-V158), a heterologous nucleic acid molecule encoding a CCR7 protein, or both. In some embodiments, methods include treating a subject with a tumor by administering a composition comprising an anti-cancer monoclonal antibody and administering a composition comprising the modified NK cells to the subject. Also disclosed are methods of making modified NK cells by obtaining a population of NK cells from a subject and transfecting the population of NK cells with a heterologous nucleic acid molecule encoding CD16-V158, a heterologous nucleic acid molecule encoding a CCR7 protein, or both.

Abstract: A method for detecting a two-qubit correlated dephasing error includes accessing a signal of a quantum system, where the quantum system includes a plurality of qubits. Every qubit has a nonzero rate of dephasing and some qubits have a nonzero rate of correlated dephasing. The signal further includes information about a matrix that includes diagonal elements and off-diagonal elements. The off-diagonal elements of the matrix are 2s-sparse. The method further includes performing randomized measurements of the off-diagonal elements of the matrix and recovering the matrix based on a direct measurement of the diagonal elements of the matrix.

Abstract: Compositions for prevention of Foot and Mouth Disease (FMD) are provided, comprising an antigen component in the amount equivalent to 0.5-20 ?g FMD virus and an adjuvant component comprising oil, an immunostimulatory oligonucleotide, and a polycationic carrier. Methods of using the composition, as well as the methods of reducing FMD persistence are also provided.