Abstract: The disclosure of a compound of Formula I or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof The variables W, R1, R2, R3, and R4 are defined in the disclosure. The disclosure provides a compound or salt of Formula I together with a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier. The disclosure also provides methods of treating a patient for Parkinson's disease and related syndromes, dyskinesia, especially dyskinesias secondary to treating Parkinson's disease with L-DOPA, neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's disease and dementia, Huntington's disease, restless legs syndrome, bipolar disorder and depression, schizophrenia, cognitive dysfunction, or substance use disorders, the methods comprising administering a compound of Formula I or salt thereof to the patient. The disclosure provides combination methods of treatment in which the compound of Formula I is administered to the patient together with one or more additional active agents.

Abstract: Methods for producing engineered exosomes and other vesicle-like biological targets, including allowing a target vesicle-like structure to react and bind with immunomagnetic particles; capturing the immunomagnetic particle/vesicle complex by applying a magnetic field; further engineering the captured vesicles by surface modifying with additional active moieties or internally loading with active agents; and releasing the engineered vesicle-like structures, such as by photolytically cleaving a linkage between the particle and engineered vesicle-like structures, thereby releasing intact vesicle-like structures which can act as delivery vehicles for therapeutic treatments.

Abstract: An aeromechanically stable sabot system that includes a center of gravity that is placed forward of an aerodynamic center of the aeromechanically stable sabot system when in steady-state flight. By placing the center of gravity forwards of the aerodynamic center, the sabot system exhibits positive longitudinal and directional stability. To illustrate, the sabot system and/or portions thereof will return to stable flight after being disturbed in pitch (vertically or about a transverse horizontal axis) or yaw (side to side or about a vertical axis) when traveling horizontally.

Abstract: A graphene-based sandwich immunoassay for detecting whether a target biological substance is present in a sample, generally comprising contacting said sample with a plurality of particles coated with graphene nanosheets, each particle having at least one targeting receptor, such that the target biological substance, if present, associates with the targeting receptor, and detecting the presence of the target biological substance in the sample by subsequently contacting the sample with a detection antibody, wherein the detection antibody is capable of targeting and binding with the target biological substance if bound to the targeting receptor to yield a detectable complex. The targeting receptor can be an antibody or fragment thereof. The target biological substance can be an exosome.

Abstract: Disclosed are functional materials for use in additive manufacturing (AM). The functional material can comprise an elastomeric composition (e.g., a silicone composite) for use in, for example, direct ink writing. The elastomeric composition can include and elastomeric resin, and a magnetic nanorod filler dispersed within the elastomeric resin. Nanorod characteristics (e.g., length, diameter, aspect ratio) can be selected to create 3D-printed constructs with desired mechanical properties along different axes. Furthermore, since nickel nanorods are ferromagnetic, the spatial distribution and orientation of nanorods within the continuous phase can be controlled with an external magnetic field. This level of control over the nanostructure of the material system offers another degree of freedom in the design of functional parts and components with anisotropic properties. Magnetic fields can be used to remotely sense compression of the constructs, or alternatively, control the stiffness of these materials.

Abstract: An implant can include a plurality of polymeric fibers associated together into a fibrous body. The fibrous body is capable of being shaped to fit a tracheal defect and capable of being secured in place by suture or by bioadhesive. The fibrous body can have aligned fibers (e.g., circumferentially aligned) or unaligned fibers. The fibrous body can be electrospun. The fibrous body can have a first characteristic in a first gradient distribution across at least a portion of the fibrous body. The fibrous body can include one or more structural reinforcing members, such as ribbon structural reinforcing members, which can be embedded in the plurality of fibers. The fibrous body can include one or more structural reinforcing members bonded to the fibers with liquid polymer as an adhesive, the liquid polymer having a substantially similar composition of the fibers.

Abstract: A photocleavable heterobifunctional linker can include a structure of Formula (A) wherein coumarin is any coumarin or coumarin derivative; R, R9, and R10 are each independently a chemical moiety; R1 is a hydrogen, protecting group, leaving group, substrate, or capture entity; R2 is a hydrogen, hydroxyl, halide, alkoxy, anhydride, amino, protecting group, leaving group, substrate, or capture entity; L1 is a sub-linker; and L2 is a sub-linker. A capture device can include the photocleavable bifunctional linker having a structure of Formula (A) as provide herein, wherein R1 is a substrate. A method of capturing a target substance can include: providing the capture device having the photocleavable bifunctional linker with the structure of Formula (A) and contacting a target substance to the capture moiety such that the target substance is captured. Irradiating the linker with light can cleave the linker, thereby releasing the target substance from the substrate.

Abstract: An implant can include a plurality of polymeric fibers associated together into a fibrous body. The fibrous body is capable of being shaped to fit a tracheal defect and capable of being secured in place by suture or by bioadhesive. The fibrous body can have aligned fibers (e.g., circumferentially aligned) or unaligned fibers. The fibrous body can be electrospun. The fibrous body can have a first characteristic in a first gradient distribution across at least a portion of the fibrous body. The fibrous body can include one or more structural reinforcing members, such as ribbon structural reinforcing members, which can be embedded in the plurality of fibers. The fibrous body can include one or more structural reinforcing members bonded to the fibers with liquid polymer as an adhesive, the liquid polymer having a substantially similar composition of the fibers.

Abstract: Cell therapy compositions comprising engineered human regulatory T cells (eTregs) characterized by ectopic overexpression of FOXP3 and Helios protein, produced via introduction of separate nucleic acid constructs respectively encoding FOXP3 and Helios (FOXP3+Helios+eTregs). Cell therapy compositions comprising mixed populations of CD4+ and CD8+ Treg cells each with ectopic overexpression of FOXP3 and Helios. Methods of making and use the same for therapies involving inflammation and/or a disorder of the immune system.

Abstract: Methods for producing engineered exosomes and other vesicle-like biological targets, including allowing a target vesicle-like structure to react and bind with immunomagnetic particles; capturing the immunomagnetic particle/vesicle complex by applying a magnetic field; further engineering the captured vesicles by surface modifying with additional active moieties or internally loading with active agents; and releasing the engineered vesicle-like structures, such as by photolytically cleaving a linkage between the particle and engineered vesicle-like structures, thereby releasing intact vesicle-like structures which can act as delivery vehicles for therapeutic treatments.

Abstract: Bifunctional conjugate compositions are provided comprising a Signal-1 moiety bound to a first polymer carrier, wherein the combined size of the Signal-1 moiety and the first polymer carrier is about 1 nanometer to about 500 nanometers; and a Signal-2 moiety bound to a second polymer carrier, wherein the combined size of the Signal-2 moiety and the second polymer carrier is about 1 nanometer to about 500 nanometers. In some embodiments, the Signal-1 moiety and the Signal-2 moiety are bound to the same polymer carrier. Associated methods are also provided.

Abstract: A method of promoting hair growth can include: a polypeptide having a sequence that has at least 75% complementarity to or at least 75% identical to SPR4; and topically administering the polypeptide to a subject. This can include putting or causing the polypeptide to be in the skin, such as in any dermal layer. In one aspect, the method can include administering the composition topically so as to administer the polypeptide to the subject. In one aspect, the method can include administering the polypeptide to skin of the subject. In one aspect, the method can include administering the polypeptide to a hair follicle of the subject. In one aspect, the method can include administering the polypeptide to a bald spot of the subject.

Abstract: A capture device for capturing a biological substance can include: a substrate; a graphene-oxide layer on the substrate; at least one polydopamine polymer coupled with the graphene-oxide; and at least one targeting receptor coupled to the polydopamine(s), wherein the targeting receptor is capable of targeting/binding with a target biological substance. The graphene-oxide may be covalently coupled with the substrate and polydopamine, and the polydopamine may be covalently coupled with the targeting receptor. The targeting receptor can be an antibody or fragment thereof. The target biological substance can be an exosome. The substrate can be a particle (e.g., magnetic, such as magnetically responsive) or a surface in a microfluidic channel. The surface can be a top surface of a post, the post having a Y-shaped cross-sectional profile. In one aspect, the substrate is a particle. The capture device can include the target biological substance bound to the targeting receptor.

Abstract: A peptide can have a sequence of one of SEQ ID NOs: 78-91. A conformationally-constrained kinked peptide includes: a conformationally-constraining portion and a kinked portion linked to the conformationally-constraining portion that conformationally constrains the kinked portion having a peptide sequence of one of SEQ NOs: 78-97. A cell-targeting compound can include a conformationally-constrained kinked peptide having a peptide sequence of one of SEQ ID NOs: 78-97. The peptide sequence can be one of SEQ ID NOs: 78-97, or 78-91, or 92-97. A cell-targeting compound can include a conformationally-constrained kinked peptide linked to a branched linker with one branch arm linked to a specific targeting moiety and one branch arm linked to a general targeting moiety. The specific targeting moiety can be an antibody. The general targeting moiety can be a lipid or cholesterol derivative.

Abstract: An implantable composition can include methacrylated solubilized devitalized cartilage (MeSDVC) with or without devitalized cartilage (DVC) particles. These compositions can be hydrogel precursors. After implantation, the MeSDVC may be crosslinked so as to form a hydrogel. The crosslinked hydrogel can include the DVC particles. A hydrogel precursor matrix (e.g., not crosslinked) can include a crosslinkable substance that can be crosslinked into a hydrogel, where DVC particles are included in the precursor matrix. The hydrogel precursor matrix can be located in a tissue defect site, such as a hole or recess in a cartilage or bone, and then crosslinked into a hydrogel that has the DVC particles therein.

Abstract: The present invention is related to compositions comprising decellularized cartilage tissue powder in the forms of paste, putty, hydrogel, and scaffolds, methods of making compositions, and methods of using these compositions for treating osteochondral defects and full- or partial-thickness cartilage defects.

Abstract: A compound can be a pro-fluorophore peroxynitrite sensor that generates a fluorophore when cleaved by peroxynitrite, having a structure of Formula A: wherein: moiety A is an ER-targeting fluorophore; Y is a linker; and moiety B is a phenol, substituted or unsubstituted, wherein the structure of Formula A is less fluorescent than the ER-targeting fluorophore moiety A.

Abstract: Compounds described herein can be used for therapeutic purposes. The compounds can be TLR agonists, such as TLR8 agonists. The compounds can be included in pharmaceutical compositions and used for therapies were being a TLR8 agonist is useful. The pharmaceutical compositions can include any ingredients, such as carries, diluents, excipients, fillers or the like that are common in pharmaceutical compositions. The compounds can be those illustrated or described herein as well as derivative thereof, prodrug thereof, salt thereof, or stereoisomer thereof, or having any chirality at any chiral center, or tautomer, polymorph, solvate, or combinations thereof. As such, the compounds can be used as adjuvants in vaccines as well as for other therapeutic purposes described herein. The compounds can have any one of the formulae described herein or derivative thereof.

Abstract: A method of promoting hair growth can include: a polypeptide having a sequence that has at least 75% complementarity to or at least 75% identical to SPR4; and topically administering the polypeptide to a subject. This can include putting or causing the polypeptide to be in the skin, such as in any dermal layer. In one aspect, the method can include administering the composition topically so as to administer the polypeptide to the subject. In one aspect, the method can include administering the polypeptide to skin of the subject. In one aspect, the method can include administering the polypeptide to a hair follicle of the subject. In one aspect, the method can include administering the polypeptide to a bald spot of the subject.

Abstract: An implant can include a plurality of polymeric fibers associated together into a fibrous body. The fibrous body is capable of being shaped to fit a tracheal defect and capable of being secured in place by suture or by bioadhesive. The fibrous body can have aligned fibers (e.g., circumferentially aligned) or unaligned fibers. The fibrous body can be electrospun. The fibrous body can have a first characteristic in a first gradient distribution across at least a portion of the fibrous body. The fibrous body can include one or more structural reinforcing members, such as ribbon structural reinforcing members, which can be embedded in the plurality of fibers. The fibrous body can include one or more structural reinforcing members bonded to the fibers with liquid polymer as an adhesive, the liquid polymer having a substantially similar composition of the fibers.