Abstract: An embodiment of the present disclosure is a method for forming a substrate. The method includes applying an aqueous solution of nanoparticle precursors to an assembly of fibers, wherein the nanoparticle precursors include a metal salt and a reducing agent. The method also includes drying the assembly of fibers with thermal energy in a continuous operation to form the substrate, thereby drying gives rise to metal nanoparticles in the substrate. The metal nanoparticles have a size that ranges from 1 to about 200 nanometers in at least one dimension.

Abstract: A method and rainwater processing system are disclosed. According to one aspect, a method includes collecting rainwater, filtering the collected rainwater, and ozonating the filtered collected rainwater to produce potable water. The method includes diverting a portion of the collected rainwater to a test chamber and testing by sensors the diverted portion of the collected rainwater to produce a valve control signal. Responsive to the valve control signal, a valve is opened to channel collected rainwater to a collection tank and filtered. The method includes ozonating the filtered collected rainwater to produce potable water. A functional water may be prepared by adding a substance to the potable water within a processing tank. The functional water may be carbonate and ozonated.

Abstract: A compound semiconductor substrate has a Si (silicon) substrate, a first Al nitride semiconductor layer which is a graded layer formed on the Si substrate and whose Al concentration decreases as the distance from the Si substrate increases along the thickness direction, a GaN (gallium nitride) layer formed on the first Al nitride semiconductor layer and having a lower average Al concentration than the average Al concentration of the first Al nitride semiconductor layer, and a second Al nitride semiconductor layer formed on the GaN layer and having a higher average Al concentration than the average Al concentration of the GaN layer. The threading dislocation density at any position in the thickness direction within the second Al nitride semiconductor layer is lower than the threading dislocation density at any position in the thickness direction within the first Al nitride semiconductor layer.

Abstract: A film forming method for forming a film on a workpiece is disclosed including: supplying a source gas into a treatment container provided with the workpiece to adsorb the source gas on the workpiece, and then purging an inside of the treatment container with a first purge gas, and supplying a reaction gas into the treatment container after the source gas supply process to oxidize the source gas adsorbed on the workpiece, and then purging the inside of the treatment container with a second purge gas, in which for example, the source gas and a first catalyst gas are supplied to the treatment container in the source gas supply process, the reaction gas and a second catalyst gas are supplied to the treatment container in the reaction gas supply process, and the same or different non-aromatic amine gas are used as the first catalyst gas and the second catalyst gas.

Abstract: A liquefied fluid supply system is a liquefied fluid supply system of supplying a nozzle with a liquefied fluid that vaporizes after spraying and includes: a supercooler that cools the liquefied fluid to a temperature lower than a saturation temperature thereof and makes the liquefied fluid into a supercooled liquid; and a booster that boosts in pressure the liquefied fluid made into the supercooled liquid by the supercooler and supplies the liquefied fluid to the nozzle.

Abstract: There is provided a technique that includes: providing a substrate including a conductive film and an insulating film on a surface of the substrate; and forming an oxide film on a surface of the insulating film, among the conductive film and the insulating film, by supplying a halogen-free precursor, an oxidizing agent, and a catalyst to the substrate under a non-plasma atmosphere.

Abstract: A compound semiconductor device, a compound semiconductor substrate, and a method for manufacturing of a compound semiconductor device. Compound semiconductor device 100 comprises Si substrate 1 which has a shape surrounding hole 21 when viewed in a plane, SIC layer 3 formed on top surface 1a of Si substrate 1 and covers hole 21, nitride layer 10 containing Ga formed on the top surface side of SiC layer 3, source electrode 13, drain electrode 15, and gate electrode 17 formed on the top surface side of nitride layer 10. The current flowing between source electrode 13 and drain electrode 15 can be controlled by the voltage applied to gate electrode 17. The Si substrate does not exist in the area RG where source electrode 13, drain electrode 15, and gate electrode 17 overlap the area when viewed from the direction orthogonal to top surface 1a of Si substrate 1.

Abstract: An electrochemical device for reducing a dissolved metal of a liquid stream includes a carbonaceous cathode surrounding a metal-containing anode and a separator arranged between the metal-containing anode and the carbonaceous cathode. The electrochemical device further includes either one of: a conductive cathode current collector housing on the carbonaceous cathode or a non-conductive cathode current collector housing on the carbonaceous cathode. The conductive cathode current collector housing includes at least one inlet and outlet for the liquid stream. The non-conductive cathode current collector housing includes at least one inlet and outlet for the liquid stream, and a metal shim arranged between the carbonaceous cathode and the non-conductive cathode current collector housing.

Abstract: A system and method for increasing total dissolved solids (TDS) concentration and pH of water is provided herein. The water is processed using a variety of filtration and purification methods, including carbon filtration, water softening, reverse osmosis, and electrodeionization. After filtration and purification, the water is pumped into a mineral infusion chamber, including a plurality of bioceramic components. At least one TDS sensor monitors the TDS concentration of the water stream, and a flow rate out of the mineral infusion chamber is controlled by a flow control valve based on sensor data produced by the at least one TDS sensor.

Abstract: A pellicle intermediary body, a pellicle, a method for manufacturing a pellicle intermediary body, and a pellicle manufacturing method are provided. A pellicle intermediary body has a Si substrate, a Si oxide film formed on a surface of the Si substrate, and a Si layer formed on a surface of the Si oxide film. The Si layer includes a low COP (Crystal Originated Particle) portion which is a part where the number of COPs decreases as it approaches the surface of the Si layer and is formed in the part that constitutes the surface of the Si layer.

Abstract: As an example embodiment, a system may detect water flow in a well water system and may responsively trigger a pump to inject a chlorinating substance into untreated water from the well. Further, the system may include a contact reservoir that allows the water and the chlorinating substance to combine. In this way, the chlorinating substance is drawn only when needed, but is given the opportunity to achieve time in solution with the untreated water. As a result, bacteria in untreated water may be dispatched, while other organic substances in the untreated water are given the opportunity to settle to the bottom of the contact reservoir. A static mixer may be used to mix the chlorinating substance and the untreated water prior to entering the contact reservoir and/or while in the contact reservoir.

Abstract: A system and method for increasing total dissolved solids (TDS) concentration and pH of water is provided herein. The water is processed using a variety of filtration and purification methods, including carbon filtration, water softening, reverse osmosis, and electrodeionization. After filtration and purification, the water is pumped into a mineral infusion chamber, including a plurality of bioceramic components. At least one TDS sensor monitors the TDS concentration of the water stream, and a flow rate out of the mineral infusion chamber is controlled by a flow control valve based on sensor data produced by the at least one TDS sensor.

Abstract: A ceramic membrane filtration assembly includes a housing and a membrane assembly. The membrane assembly includes at least one membrane with channels therein. A first inner end cap device is disposed within the housing and is coupled with the membrane assembly. The housing has a bypass near an outer perimeter of the first inner end cap device, the first inner end cap device has an inner port, the inner port fluidly coupled with the channels of the membrane, where the bypass includes a space between the housing and the first inner end cap device. A first outer end cap device is coupled with the first inner end cap device; the first outer end cap device has a first port and a second port, where the first port is fluidly separate from the second port, and the first port is fluidly coupled with the inner port.

Abstract: A system and method for increasing total dissolved solids (TDS) concentration and pH of water is provided herein. The water is processed using a variety of filtration and purification methods, including carbon filtration, water softening, reverse osmosis, and electrodeionization. After filtration and purification, the water is pumped into a mineral infusion chamber, including a plurality of bioceramic components. At least one TDS sensor monitors the TDS concentration of the water stream, and a flow rate out of the mineral infusion chamber is controlled by a flow control valve based on sensor data produced by the at least one TDS sensor.

Abstract: The present invention includes a station for dispensing water, specifically alkaline water having a stable pH of between about 8 and about 10. Additionally, the station includes at least one radiofrequency identification (RFID) chip sensor, configured to detect a unique RFID chip in, for example, a bottle of water and automatically update a user profile associated with the unique RFID chip to indicate an amount of water consumed.

Abstract: A packed bed catalyst in a pressurized vessel/reactor during contact with a dioxide species precursor enhances catalytic conversion of the precursor to the dioxide species, compared with the same catalytic conversion performed in a non-pressurized vessel/reactor.

Abstract: A modular filtration device is composed of a modular docking plate having at least one quick disconnect plumbing coupling; at least one electrical connector; and at least one alignment feature for aligning and receiving a modular filter; and a modular filter composed of a docking face having: at least one quick disconnect plumbing coupling; at least one electrical connector; and at least one alignment feature that mates with an alignment feature of the modular docking plate to provide proper alignment of the filter with the docking plate, engagement of the quick disconnect plumbing couplings, engagement of the electrical connectors, and engagement of the locking mechanism. The modular filtration device comprises a locking mechanism to hold the filter in place during operation. A modular filtration system is composed of a plurality of the filtration devices.

Abstract: A packed bed catalyst in a pressurized vessel/reactor during contact with a dioxide species precursor enhances catalytic conversion of the precursor to the dioxide species, compared with the same catalytic conversion performed in a non-pressurized vessel/reactor.