Abstract: In a phosphor thin film comprising a matrix material and a luminescence center, the matrix material has the compositional formula: MIIvAxByOzSw wherein MII is Zn, Cd or Hg, A is Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba or rare earth element, B is Al, Ga or In, and atomic ratios v, x, y, z and w are 0.005?v?5, 1?x?5, 1?y?15, 0<z?30, and 0<w?30. The phosphor thin film of quality is formed at low cost by a low-temperature process, enabling manufacture of full-color EL panels.

Abstract: A phosphor thin film is provided that has a high luminance, a satisfactory color purity sufficient to eliminate a need for filters, and a long luminance life. The phosphor thin film can be adapted to suit each element of red, green and blue in full color EL panels. The phosphor thin film includes a matrix material and a luminescent center. The matrix material is a sulfide containing at least an alkaline earth element, Ga and/or In, sulfur (S) and optionally, Al, or an oxysulfide further containing oxygen (O) in addition to the foregoing elements. Provided that A stands for the alkaline earth element and B stands for Ga, In and Al in the matrix material, the atomic ratio B/A is in the range: B/A=2.1 to 3.5.

Abstract: A composite substrate includes a substrate, an electrode formed on the substrate, a first dielectric layer of thick film dielectric formed on the electrode, a second dielectric layer formed on the first dielectric layer by a solution coating-and-firing technique, and a buffer layer formed below and/or within the first dielectric layer. The composite substrate keeps the thick-film dielectric layer fully insulating and enables functional thin films formed thereon such as a light emitting layer to perform stable operation, especially stable light emission. An EL panel using the same and a method for preparing the same are also provided.

Abstract: The EL device of the present invention has a structure in which a first electrode, a first insulator layer, an electroluminescence-producing light emitting layer, a second insulator layer, and a second electrode layer are successively stacked on an electrical insulating substrate. At least one of the first insulator layer and the second insulator layer has as a main component barium titanate and in addition 0.1 to 3 mole % magnesium oxide, 0.05 to 1.0 mole % manganese oxide, no more than 1 mole % yttrium oxide, 2 to 12 mole % of barium oxide and calcium oxide, and 2-12 mole % silicon oxide.

Abstract: A fluorescent thin film is provided, including a matrix material containing as a main component a rare earth sulfide or a rare earth selenide and a rare earth element additive as a light emission center. The rare earth element additive is different from the rare earth element used for the matrix material.

Abstract: A process for the production of a supported catalyst. The process comprises heating a slurry that comprises a catalyst support and at least one active catalytic ingredient precursor. Gas is introduced to the slurry at a sufficient pressure to reduce the at least one active catalytic ingredient precursor and deposit at least one active catalytic ingredient onto a surface of the catalyst support to form the supported catalyst. The supported catalyst has a large active catalytic surface area.

Abstract: The invention provides a pretreatment process for electroplating aluminum parts or strip, in which the zincating solution is modified to improve the adhesion of the subsequent electroplate to the substrate. The aluminum part or strip, such as an aluminum coin blank or strip for coin blanks, is pretreated with an improved zincate solution which provides hydroxide ions in an amount in the range of 75-175 gpl, zinc ions in an amount in the range of 15-40 gpl, nickel ions in an amount in the range of 2-10 gpl and copper ions in an amount in the range of 1.5-5 gpl. The pretreatment process preferably includes a copper strike applied from a copper cyanide strike bath at a pH in the range of 8.5-11.0, using a current density in the range of 0.1-10 A/dm2. The pretreatment and electroplating steps are preferably conducted by barrel plating, in accordance with another aspect of the invention.

Abstract: The invention provides a pretreatment process for electroplating aluminum parts or strip, in which the zincating solution is modified to improve the adhesion of the subsequent electroplate to the substrate. The aluminum part or strip, such as an aluminum coin blank or strip for coin blanks, is pretreated with an improved zincate solution which provides hydroxide ions in an amount in the range of 75-175 gpl, zinc ions in an amount in the range of 15-40 gpl, nickel ions in an amount in the range of 2-10 gpl and copper ions in an amount in the range of 1.5-5 gpl. The pretreatment process preferably includes a copper strike applied from a copper cyanide strike bath at a pH in the range of 8.5-9.5, using a current density in the range of 0.1-10 A/dm2. The pretreatment and electroplating steps are preferably conducted by barrel plating, in accordance with another aspect of the invention.

Abstract: A connective medium is provided for use in ball grid assemblies for detachable connections between electronic devices and circuit boards. The medium includes novel, discrete spheres defining an inner metallic, spherical core and one or more outer, electrically conductive concentric, hard and non-deformable metallic layers of nickel, copper or alloys thereof and a coating of silver or gold thereon.

Abstract: A cobalt based coating is provided which is functional to reduce the coefficient of friction between two operatively, frictionally engaging titanium alloy surfaces.