Abstract: A press, especially for the manufacture of die-formed parts of dimensional accuracy made of powdered materials is described, which can be equipped and used interchangeably either for the use of the so-called smoothing process or the so-called plunger process. It includes a press support 103 on which a fixed press bed 104 and a vertically slidable press frame 105 are mountred for movement relative to each other by a mechanical drive, preferably a toggle linkage 106, to form a main press ram. Further, it has a bottom ram passing upwardly through the press bed 104 which serves as a smoothing ram or a plunger ram, being operated for both purposes by a double-arm lever 123 pivoted on the press support and actuated by a rock lever 133 likewise pivoted on the press support 103 and having a sliding pivoting connection to the double-arm lever 123.

Abstract: A press is described which is particularly suitable for the production of precision moldings from pulverized materials. The press is provided with a frame 3 in which a draft frame 5 and a platen 4 acting together provide the axis, and are connected to one another by means of a mechanical drive, preferably a toggle drive system, for relative movement to form a main press ram. In the main press ram, between the movable draft frame 5 and the platen 4, a hydraulic subpress 12 is arranged together with at least one additional axis, preferably however with several such axes. Control and regulation of the timing and extent of the working movement of each axis in the hydraulic subpress 12 are made to depend, through a control system 22-33, on the working movement of the main axis formed by the draft frame 5 and the platen 4 of the mechanical press 2.

Abstract: A press for producing dimensionally stable moldings from powdered materials is described whereby a press frame and a press platen are provided in a press body and are linked together in movement by means of a drive and form a main press plunger. A hydraulic press part with at least two additional press axes is mounted in front of the main press plunger between the press frame and press platen. The second hydraulic press axis of hydraulic press part is actuated and controlled by its first axis through a hydraulic coupling device that has a variable transmission ratio, while the first axis of the hydraulic press part is in turn actuated by the press frame of the main press plunger. The movement ratios of the second press axis of the hydraulic press part can then be varied relative to the main press axis.

Abstract: The mechanical press, particularly a toggle press, comprises a hydraulic member connected between the force transmitting and force receiving components, such as a toggle joint, carriage, anvil, and platen. The anvil is mounted on a hydraulic member which is located in a hydraulic chamber. The hydraulic member acts as a press cushion which is continuously connected with a large volume fluid reservoir which is maintained constantly under a gas pressure. The hydraulic member has a maximum filling volume which is at most 1% of the volume of the fluid reservoir.