Abstract: A method for preparing granules containing pesticidal or herbicidal biological organisms which can be stored for prolonged periods and conveniently dispensed is provided. Compositions are provided which comprise granules containing entomopathogenic nematodes. Methods for controlling insects, comprising applying the composition to a plant or field is also disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an antibody which reacts specifically with the binding proteins for Bacillus thuringiensis .delta.-endotoxins and their derivatives. The invention further relates to an anti-idiotype antibody which reacts specifically with the binding proteins for Bacillus thuringiensis .delta.-endotoxins and their derivatives. The invention also provides a test kit which contains a novel antibody. The invention further relates to a method of isolating a novel B. thuringiensis .delta.-endotoxin, to said novel B. thuringiensis .delta.-endotoxin, to a method of identifying a novel B. thuringiensis .delta.-endotoxin which recognises a novel binding protein, to the novel B. thuringiensis .delta.-endotoxin, to a method of determining the amount of binding protein present, and to a method of reducing the resistance development potential in pest control.

Abstract: Spores of a biocontrol fungus, Acremonium sp. ATCC 74368, have been found to function well as a biocontrol agent in a method for biocontrol of dandelion (Taraxacum officinale).

Abstract: A clove oil formulation which inhibits soil-borne fungal diseases is disclosed. The formulation includes about 70-90% by weight rectified clove oil, and about 2-30% by weight surfactant. The surfactant includes about 15-95% by weight nonionic compounds such as ethoxylated monoglycerides, ethoxylated diglycerides, ethoxylated alcohols, silicone glycol copolymers, sorbitan fatty acid esters, ethoxylated alkyl phenols, ethylene oxide block copolymers, and propylene oxide block copolymers. The surfactant further includes about 5-85% by weight anionic compounds such as amine alkylaryl sulfonate, calcium alkylaryl sulfonate and phosphate esters. The formulation may also include up to about 30% by weight of a solvent such as alcohol, esters, glycol ethers, mineral oil, methyl esters and hydrocarbon solvents.

Abstract: In an insecticidal formulation containing Pyrethrum, addition of appropriate amounts of azadirachtin and clarified neem oil can significantly synergize the Pyrethrum activity while reducing or eliminating the need for Pipronyl butoxide as an agent to augment Pyrethrum activity. The disclosed formulations represent a significant cost advantage when compared to existing Pyrethrum/Pipronyl butoxide formulations.

Abstract: The stability of an azadirachtin-containing solid preparation is increased if the preparation contains about 5% or less volatile polar solvents and 1% or less water. Reduction of the percentage of volatile polar solvents present in preparations of azadirachtin-containing solids to such levels improves the storage-stability of the solids without significantly degrading the azadirachtin in the solid. Solvents are preferably removed by drying the preparation at a suitable temperature for a time sufficient to reduce the level of water and volatile polar solvents to acceptable levels.

Abstract: A clarified neem oil having a cloud point below 13.degree. C. exhibits reduced phytotoxicity. Treatment of crude neem oil with a dilute aqueous basic solution or with an enzyme having lipid-degrading activity yields a clarified neem oil having acceptably low phytotoxicity. The methods are advantageous because they reduce or eliminate the waste stream of waxy by-product generated using existing methods for clarifying crude neem oil.