Abstract: A compound for spacing nonlinear optical chromophores of the Formula I and the commercially acceptable salts, solvates and hydrates thereof, wherein R1, R2, R3, R4, W, X, Y, Z, Q1, Q2, Q4 and L have the definitions provided herein.
Abstract: NLO chromophores for the production of first-, second, third- and/or higher order polarizabilities of the form of Formula I: and the commercially acceptable salts, solvates and hydrates thereof, wherein Z1-4, X21-4, ?1-2, D and A have the definitions provided herein.