Abstract: A device for the operating of an automative cruise control system for an automobile vehicle comprises means to separate the travel of the accelerator pedal into two parts. The depressing of the pedal in the first travel part engages the automotive cruise control system, the pull-back force of the pedal being smaller in the first travel part than in the second travel part. The device can be applied especially to vehicles equipped with means for checking the distance and/or the speed of obstacles located in the path of the vehicle, the pace of these vehicles being regulated or controlled as a function of the information on distance and/or speed given by said means. More generally, it can be applied to any vehicles equipped means of automative cruise control.

Abstract: A short wave high efficiency radio broadcasting transmitter for digital transmissions. The transmitter includes a power tube in which the grid is excited by a variable phase signal through an excitation device and in which the anode is amplitude modulated by the output signal from a modulator. The phase and amplitude signals applied to the grid and anode of the tube respectively represent the phase and amplitude of the complex signal to be transmitted. The amplification characteristic of the excitation device remains linear for low amplitudes of the signal to be transmitted and operates under saturated conditions when the amplitude of the signal to be transmitted exceeds a given threshold value, so that the amplification characteristic of the transmitter as a whole remains linear independently of the amplitude of the signal to be transmitted. Such a transmitter may find particular application as a short wave transmitter.

Abstract: A device for the operating of an automative cruise control system for an automobile vehicle comprises means to separate the travel of the accelerator pedal into two parts. The depressing of the pedal in the first travel part engages the automotive cruise control system, the pull-back force of the pedal being smaller in the first travel part than in the second travel part. The device can be applied especially to vehicles equipped with means for checking the distance and/or the speed of obstacles located in the path of the vehicle, the pace of these vehicles being regulated or controlled as a function of the information on distance and/or speed given by said means. More generally, it can be applied to any vehicles equipped means of automative cruise control.

Abstract: The invention relates to a new type of encapsulated surface acoustic wave component and to a method for the batch production of such components. The component comprises a surface acoustic wave device on the surface of a substrate. The encapsulation package furthermore comprises the substrate, a first layer located on the substrate and hollowed out locally at least at the level of the active surface of the surface acoustic wave device, a printed circuit covering entire first layer and conductive via holes going through the unit formed by the first layer and the printed circuit so as to provide for the electrical connection of the surface acoustic wave device from the exterior.

Abstract: A process for the separation of static and dynamic components of a sequence of images separated in time and taken under the same conditions. The process includes recording a first intensity of a first pixel in at least one area in the sequence of images, recording subsequent intensities for identical pixels to the first pixel in subsequent recorded images, and using pixel intensity sort criteria on intensity changes between the first intensity and the subsequent intensities to discriminate in the subsequent recorded images pixels showing minimal intensity changes from pixels showing larger intensity changes as the sequence process. The process includes forming from the pixels showing minimal intensity changes a part of the static component of the sequence of images.

Abstract: A quantum well made out of a the stack of layers of III-V semiconductor materials comprises, in addition to the quantum well, an electron storage layer separated from the quantum well by a transfer barrier layer. The barrier layer has a thickness that is greater than the thickness of the quantum well by about one order of magnitude. This barrier thus enables the separation of the absorption function (in the quantum well) and the function of reading the photocarriers (in the storage layer) and therefore the limiting of the rate of recombination of the carriers, thus improving the performance characteristics of the detector.

Abstract: A quantum encryption device comprises a transmitter and a receiver between which an encrypted piece of information is transmitted. The transmitter comprises at least means to send a first packet of photons and an information photon to the receiver, the appearance of the information photon following the packet being lagged by a period of time &tgr; according to a law of probability. The transmitter also comprises means for the encoding of the information photon. The receiver comprises at least means for the encoding of a second packet of photons coming from the first packet and substantially lagged by the period of time &tgr; with respect to this packet, and interference means to make an information photon interfere with the second packet of photons. These interference means provide a packet of photons to create a quantity of photons substantially equal to ±2 times the variance of the noise due to the second packet. The invention can be applied to the industrial-scale making of encryption systems.

Abstract: A process for neutralizing a tube of a high power digital radio broadcasting transmitter includes modulating two quadrature signals I(t), Q(t) at a transmission frequency (F0) by a modulator to control a grid of the tube which is configured to work at saturation with a gain V2. A phase-modulated input signal E(t) output from the modulator is amplified by an amplifier which is configured to work at saturation with a gain V1. The input signal E(t) is predistorted by digital means so as to compensate for an undesirable coupling between an anode and the grid of the tube of the transmitter so that an output of the transmitter corresponds to a desired output signal S(t). A corrector signal W(t) is calculated using the expression W(t)=jg(t)S(t).

Abstract: A method of controlling a unipolar semiconductor laser in the 4-12 &mgr;m mid-infrared range. This is an optical control method, unlike a purely electrical, power control method which injects a relatively large flux of electrons. The optical control method may advantageously include two optical beams of the same wavelength and a device for making those beams interfere in the active layer of the laser, the optical control beams having a much shorter wavelength than the wavelength of the unipolar laser and having a frequency capable of being modulated more rapidly than that of the laser.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to an optical disk of the type including at least one spiral track on which information marks are written in sectors whose addresses are substantially sequential along the track, wherein said disk includes a copy protection zone (PZ) comprising two parts of equal size each including a series of sectors designated by identical addresses on each of the two parts, the data written in this zone being shared between the sectors of the two parts, each sector of the zone also carrying an identifier (D1, D2) characteristic of the part to which the sector belongs, and specific protection data to enable verification of the presence and constitution of said protection zone (PZ) and to enable use of the data written in this zone, at least part of said specific protection data being recorded on said disk. The invention is notably applicable to anti-piracy protection of CD-ROM and DVD-ROM type disks.

Abstract: Disclosed are a digital display camera in a changing environment and an associated method of digital control. The method can be applied more particularly to digital cameras for endoscopy. It enables a user to access a very large number of parameters of settings while at the same time using only a limited number of data inputs. The camera is constituted by an optoelectrical detection head (DH) and a processing unit (PU) connected to the detection head. The processing unit is provided with a keyboard (FFK) and is connected to a remote control unit (RC). The processing unit (PU) contains pre-recorded digital functions, each enabling the setting of at least one parameter of the camera, as well as options that are characteristic of a given environment, grouping together a set of said functions.

Abstract: A process for the fabrication of a multielement acoustic probe. A flexible circuit having conducting tracks on at least one of its sides is used. This circuit is joined to a plate of piezoelectric material having metallizations. Vias are produced through the flexible circuit in order to address the metallizations and to produce electrical contacts within the vias. This process may be used in echography probes.

Abstract: A process for the construction of LDPC codes including N symbols, of which K are free, each code being defined by a check matrix A including M=N−K rows, N columns, and t nonzero symbols in each column. The method includes allocating the same number of nonzero symbols to all the rows of the check matrix A, taking t to be the smallest possible odd number, defining the columns of A such that any two columns of the check matrix A have at most one nonzero value in a common position, and defining the rows of A such that any two rows of the check matrix A have only one nonzero value in a common position.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to methods and devices for the real-time localization of terrestrial transmitters belonging to a TDMA type cellular radiocommunications network. The device comprises an antenna array, a multichannel receiver and a digital processor. The method consists of the interception, from an aircraft, of radioelectric signal and the detection of these signal by the implementation of a multichannel synchronization to determine the various sources of transmission, the simultaneous computation of an elevation angle &Dgr; and an azimuth angle &thgr; to instantaneously determine the direction of arrival of the radioelectric signal from the determined transmission sources and the building of track in the geographical areas in which the transmission sources are located in order to estimate the position of the transmitters.

Abstract: A method for encoding speech at a low bit rate. The method assembles parameters on N consecutive frames to form a super-frame. A vector quantization of transition frequencies of a voicing during each super-frame is made. Only the most frequent configurations are transmitted without deterioration and the least frequent configurations are replaced by the configuration that is the nearest in terms of absolute error among most frequent configurations. The pitch is encoded in carrying out a scalar quantization of only one value of the pitch for each super-frame. The energy is encoded in selecting only a reduced number of values in assembling these values in sub-packets quantized by vector quantization. The spectral envelope parameters are encoded by vector quantization in selecting only a determined number of filters. The untransmitted energy values are recovered in the synthesis part by interpolation or extrapolation from transmitted values. Such a method may find particular application in vocoders.

Abstract: A device for the operating of an automative cruise control system for an automobile vehicle comprises means to separate the travel of the accelerator pedal into two parts. The depressing of the pedal in the first travel part engages the automative cruise control system, the pull-back force of the pedal being smaller in the first travel part than in the second travel part. The device can be applied especially to vehicles equipped with means for checking the distance and/or the speed of obstacles located in the path of the vehicle, the pace of these vehicles being regulated or controlled as a function of the information on distance and/or speed given by said means. More generally, it can be applied to any vehicles equipped means of automative cruise control.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the phase amplitude demodulation of a received radar signal and to an implementing device, the process consisting in sampling the intermediate frequency signal at a sampling frequency fe such that fe is equal to &agr;B, &agr; being a number greater than or equal to 2 and B being the width of the pass-band, the intermediate frequency fi and the sampling frequency being in a ratio such that fi=(k±¼)fe, k being an integer. Application to coherent detection radars.

Abstract: Transmitter systems in which an output signal is obtained by the summation of signals with predetermined discreet levels given by several amplification cells. Given a signal to be sent with an amplitude A and a phase &phgr;0, a control circuit determines (&agr;) a number of amplification cells sufficient to obtain slightly more than the value A with the phase &phgr;0 but to carry out a phase adjustment (&bgr;) such that at least two of the cells are phase-shifted, one in advance and the other delayed with respect to &phgr;0, so that the total sum of the signals delivered by the cells gives the signal A, &phgr;0. Such transmission may find particular application to amplification cell transmitters with discrete output levels.

Abstract: This semiconductor laser comprises at least two layers of optically non-linear material as well as a quantum well at least located within one of the layers of optically non-linear material. The thicknesses and optical indices of these two layers are such that the waveguide constituted by these two layers has a modal phase matching condition for the process of parametrical fluorescence between the pump wave emitted by the quantum well and the parametrical conversion waves.

Abstract: A bi-functional optical detector including a first active photoconduction detection element configured to detect light within first and second wavelength ranges, a first diffraction grating associated with the first detection element and configured to couple the light within the first wavelength range so that the first active photoconducting detection element detects the light in the first wavelength range, a second active photoconduction detection element configured to detect light within the first and second wavelength ranges, and a second diffraction grating associated with the second detection element and configured to couple the light within the second wavelength range so that the second active photoconduction detection element detects the light in the second wavelength range.