Abstract: This magnetic head essentially has at least one excitation conductor located below two layers made of magnetic material constituting the magnetic poles of the head and separated by a gap. The positioning of the conductor is such that it forms an angle different from 0.degree. or 90.degree. with respect to the direction of the gap. Different embodiments of the invention are provided for, notably with several conductors to set up a matrix-type control. Application to write/read magnetic heads.

Abstract: An electronic card having an electronic control circuit, an elector-optical element configured as a normal operation indicator, and a power supply source. Electrical tracks connect the electronic control circuit with the electro-optical element and the power supply source, and affixing elements attach the electronic card to a substantially planer surface. The electrical tracks having embrittlement grooves which destroy the connections made by the electrical tracks upon removal of the electronic card from the substantially planer surface to which the electronic card is attached. The electronic card is suited for applications in the identification and automatic detection of objects and in particular, stolen vehicles.

Abstract: The invention relates to autofocusing processes for synthetic antenna sonars.It consists in using at least two frequencies having different phase centers and the positions of which vary along the physical receiving antenna from one recurrence to the next. In one embodiment, three distinct frequencies are used, one for the image and the other two for the autofocusing. In another embodiment, two distinct frequencies are used, which serve alternately for the autofocusing and for the image. In another embodiment at least three distinct frequencies are used, all of which serve in the autofocusing and the formation of the image by aperture synthesis and the transmission phase centers of which, distributed at a constant spacing along the physical receiving antenna, are displaced from one recurrence to the next according to a cyclic permutation.

Abstract: A method for the interconnection of stacked packages encapsulating, for example, a semiconductor chip containing an integrated circuit, for example a memory. Packages with connection pins (21) are stacked and fixedly joined to each other by means of a coating of resin for example. The pins of the packages are cut so as to be flush with the faces (31, 32) of the stack (3). The connection (C) of the packages with one another and their connection to connection pads (35) of the stack is done on the faces of the stack. The connection pads are, if necessary, provided with connection pins (36).

Abstract: A method and system of magnetic recording of information elements on several parallel tracks whereby the recording of information elements on a track is accomplished by inducing a magnetic field having a predetermined direction in a zone on the track and, during this recording, inducing a magnetic field with a reverse direction in zones of the neighboring tracks. A winding (L0, L1, L2) of each head is coupled to at least two winding of neighboring heads. A control current transmitted to the head provides at least one current diverted towards the neighboring heads.

Abstract: A process for monitoring traffic for automatic vehicle incident detection using radar waves to detect the vehicles, their instantaneous speed and their distance. The process consists in correlating the information obtained regarding vehicles in one and the same distance bracket during two consecutive processing time intervals, so as to determine, at each instant, the acceleration of each vehicle and a prediction of its speed, and in then detecting an incident in a distance bracket by detecting the passing of the speed of a vehicle below a given speed threshold. The advantages of the process resides in rapid incident detection in regard to a road or motorway network, with a view to informing the users rapidly.

Abstract: A method of calibration includes obtaining an estimation of the ground speed of an aircraft by an inertial unit V.sub.inertial and by a radar V.sub.radar in at least two different flight orientations and in using these estimations to determine the drift in speed B and a rotation matrix R corresponding to positioning errors of the radar with respect to inertial unit on the basis of the matrix relationship:V.sub.inertial =RV.sub.radar +Bapplied for each of the flight orientations. The ground speed and ground speed drift vectors are expressed by their x, y and z components in a referential system related to the aircraft, and the matrix of rotation R being defined on the basis of the angles of positioning error in terms of yaw .phi., attitude .theta. and roll .psi.

Abstract: Disclosed is a recording and/or reading device with magnetic heads including at least two magnetic heads. A magnetic circuit for the closing of the magnetic flux has a pad common to both heads. A first pole of a first type magnetically couples the common pad to the gap of the first head through a non-magnetic link. A second pole of a second type, separated from the first pole by a non-magnetic interval, magnetically couples the common pad to the gap of the second head. Such a device finds applications to a system for recording and/or reading, notably on magnetic tapes.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to radioelectrical antennas and more particularly to the radomes for such antennas. The external face of the radome is fitted out with a device for the removal of streaming water that comprises gutters inclined downwards so as to recover the streaming water and remove it towards the lateral edges of the radome. A device of this kind prevents the collection of water towards the bottom of the antenna. The thickness of this collection of water has a detrimental effect on the precision of the orientation of the antenna pattern. Application in particular to antenna radomes for aircraft landing assistance elevation stations or for plane radar antennas.

Abstract: A radar including a plurality of antenna arrays (B, . . . , J), for example linear arrays, the reception of electromagnetic waves being coherent for each antenna element in each array. The extraction of target signals from sidelobe signals according to the invention is obtained by comparing the signals received by the various arrays. A statistical processing allows to eliminate the responses corresponding to the array sidelobes. The invention is mainly applicable to radars including a plurality of linear lacunary antenna arrays with an isotropic disposition in space.

Abstract: The present invention concerns an arrangement for reading an optically readable carrier on which data is stored in the form of diffractive elements. The data elements each have a plurality of adjacent tracks on the carrier with data elements being positioned on adjacent tracks. The system utilizes an illumination device for projecting a light onto the carrier in order to obtain diffraction of light along the entire length of each of the data elements with an optical arrangement collecting light emerging from the carrier. The optical arrangement is configured and positioned so that light which emerges from the carrier is selectively collected as a function of the angular direction of light from the carrier. The collected light is converted into a data readout signal.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to a laser (L) and to at least one detector integrated side by side on one and the same substrate so that the laser emits, through the edge of the device, a light beam along a direction and so that the detector can detect, through the same edge of the device, a beam substantially parallel to this direction of emission. In a system for the optical reading of a recording medium, the light emitted is reflected by the medium to be read to the detector or detectors. A diffraction grating (RZ) that diffracts only diffraction waves with the same sign (positive for example) deflects at least a part of the light to the detector or detectors. Application to the reading of optical disks.

Abstract: A device and system for the reading of a recording medium, which enables the reading of high-density information and the removal of disturbance (or cross-talk) from the information. The invention includes chiefly a reading device carrying out the parallel reading of the information from N pixels of an optical detector array and giving at least two sub-trains of samples in series (X, Y, Z), a cross-talk correction circuit for each sub-train of samples, each sub-train giving a train of cross-talk corrected samples (X', Y', Z'), and an input sequencer giving each correction circuit a train of samples to be corrected (Ys) from a first sub-frame of samples (Y) and samples (XN-1, Z0) from at least one second frame of samples (X,Z). This device and system can be applied to the reading of high-density recording media (magnetic or optical).

Abstract: The process according to the invention consists, in order to reduce the number of coefficients of the filters of the spatial part and the temporal part connected to the output of the spatial part, in jointly adapting the coefficients of the filters of each part using an adaptive algorithm according to the paths selected on the basis of a determined criterion. The coefficients are periodically recalculated at the rate of the known symbols in the learning sequences in order to minimize the estimation error apparent between a response signal (d(t)) and the receiver output signal (z(t)).

Abstract: A method and system for determining a modulus of a speed of movement of a carrier of radar, including (a) illuminating a same zone on the ground laterally, with radar of the carrier, at times t.sub.1 and t.sub.2 ; (b) measuring respective distances D.sub.1 and D.sub.2 of the carrier to the same zone at the times t.sub.1 and t.sub.2, and Doppler frequency shifts F.sub.d1 and F.sub.d2 of respective echoes returned by the same zone during the times t.sub.1 and t.sub.2 ; and (c) deducing the modulus .vertline.V.sub.h .vertline. of the speed of movement of the carrier based on a relationship ##EQU1## with .lambda. being a wavelength of a radar wave transmitted by the radar. The method and system require neither the locking of the radar to the carrier nor a course drift of the carrier. In this way, precision is improved and it possible to obtain accurate imaging radar modes having images in which distances can be measured with precision.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to a family of luminophors Ba.sub.z -Al.sub.12-x Mn.sub.x O.sub.19 with 0.8.ltoreq.z.ltoreq.1.3, wherein x ranges from 0.2 to 0.7 and has a time of decay, to 10% of the light energy emitted, of less than about 15 ms. It also relates to a method for the manufacture of this family of luminophors having a time of decay, to about 10% of the initial light intensity emitted, of less than about 15 ms. It also relate to a method for the manufacture of this family of luminophors, using a primary vacuum step in order to obtain a neutral or reductive atmosphere with an oxygen content of less than about 10 particles per million (ppm). This method has the great value of enabling the formation of barium hexa-aluminate with a high manganese content to lower the decay time while, at the same time, preserving high luminous efficiency. Application to high-definition television.

Abstract: Device for the detection and processing of optical radiations, comprising at least one quantum well having asymmetric composition, said well consisting of a stack of layers of materials having differing gaps.

Abstract: A procedure for information transmission utilizing a system for reception of data signals using clock signals in which the phase shift between clock signals and data signals is calculated using a formulation of the gradient t.sub.n+1 =t.sub.n +p/q-.alpha.e.sub.n (t.sub.n)e'.sub.n (t.sub.n). The phase shift signal (t.sub.n+1) is calculated for an (n+1) data signal, the phase shift signal (t.sub.n) is calculated for a (.sub.n) data signal, and (p/q) in the ratio of the clock period to the data period. In addition, e.sub.n (t.sub.n) is the error between a real sample and an assumed theoretical value and e'.sub.n (t.sub.n) is the derivative of e.sub.n (t.sub.n) with respect to (t.sub.n).

Abstract: The disclosure relates to the transmission of information by packets on carrier frequencies, with data spreading and compression, between several transmitters and at least one receiver of one and the same communications network. In the network, the packets are constituted by a header followed by sub-packets transmitted in synchronism with the header and with a given periodicity, and this synchronism and this periodicity are the same for all the packets. Furthermore, all the sub-packets have the same structure as a standard sub-packet formed by mutually orthogonal segments. With such packets, the risks of overlapping are notably smaller than they were with standard packets. Application to the transmission of packets.

Abstract: System for the adjustment of the focusing of a beam on a carrier (5). A first detector (CA) with a wide dynamic range of detection and with limited stability measures the light reflected by the carrier (5). A second detector (CB) with a small dynamic range of detection, high stability and high precision also enables the measurement of the light reflected by the carrier (5). Control circuits are used to control a focusing control device (B). A control logic is used to place the operation of the control device (B) under the control of the first focusing error signal when this signal goes beyond a specified value (a) until the second focusing error signal goes beyond another specified value, the working of the control device (B) being then placed under the control of this second focusing error signal.