Abstract: A dynamic seal for containing gas flow between a roller valve and a cylinder in an internal combustion engine. Vents from the cylinder cavity allow pressure therefrom, particularly on the compression and power strokes, to exert a force against the back of a seal recessed into the outside of the engine block around a cylinder gas port. The force compresses the seal tighter against the roller valve.

Abstract: A variable roller valve system for use in an internal combustion engine. A Sliding Iris.TM. feature provides separate, independent, and continuous control over the aperture sizes of the intake and exhaust valve ports while the engine is running. The valve apertures are constricted and enlarged in a reciprocating motion along the longitudinal axis of the valve rollers so as not to disrupt valve duration. At the same time, and also while the engine is running, hydraulic mechanisms provide separate, independent and continuous control over the relative timing phases of the intake valve train and the exhaust valve train with respect to the crankshaft. As a result, combustion efficiency can be optimized and noxious exhaust emissions can be minimized over a wide range of engine operating speeds and power demands.

Abstract: A friction clutch wrench in the style of locking grip pliers for imparting torsion to an object. Jaws open to access the work from the side, and then close and lock rigidly around the work. Once locked inside the jaws, the work engages a friction clutch ratchet mechanism provided in the confronting jaw faces. When the wrench is turned in one direction about the work, the friction clutch grips the work and imports torsion to it. When the wrench is rotated in the other direction, however, the friction clutch permits free rotation of the wrench about the work.

Abstract: A friction clutch hand tool in the style of a socket wrench for tightening and loosening common mechanical fasteners. Socket may be received from either side into a cylindrical opening through the wrench head. Once received inside the head, socket is gripped by rollers held captive within notches provided in cylindrical wall of opening in wrench head. Rollers grip outside surface of socket directly. Rotation of head relative to socket causes rollers to roll up ramps out of notches and wedge tight against socket, thereby simultaneously imparting torsion to fastener while clamping socket down on fastener. Socket may be assembled around fastener from multiple interlocking pieces. Socket may also be hollow.