Abstract: The side dam comprises a layer in contact with the molten metal constituted by a refractory material of fibrous structure and composed mainly of alumina and silica, and a second layer which is provided behind the first layer and composed of compact refractory material. The fibrous layer ensures the thermal insulation and the compact layer acts as a safety plate. The invention permits the construction of side dams which are capable of both durably ensuring the sealing of the molten metal and preventing untimely solidifications of the metal upon contact with these side dams. The invention is preferably applied to the continuous casting between rolls of hard metals having a high melting temperature, such as iron and its alloys.

Abstract: A precipitation hardening ferritic-pearlitic steel containing:0.20 to 0.60% carbon0.20 to 0.95% silicon0.50 to 1.80% manganese0.004 to 0.04% nitrogen0.05 to 0.20% vanadium and/or niobium0 to 0.20% sulfur0 to 0.70% chromium0 to 0.10% aluminum0 to 0.05% titaniumbalance iron and incidental impurities. The steel is useful for valves in internal combustion engines.

Abstract: The method comprises effecting the solidification of the metal in a continuous casting ingot mould constituted by two cooled rolls (2) rotating in opposite directions and disposed in confronting relation so as to define a casting space therebetween, continuously extracting from the ingot mould a solidified steel strip (3), and, below the ingot mould, subjecting the strip to a quenching medium (6) so as to cool it sufficiently rapidly to prevent formation of austenite. This medium may be formed by a quenching bath placed in a container (4) disposed under the rolls (2) and having a bottom provided with an opening (5) for the passage of the solidified strip (3). The quenching medium may also be formed by an inert gas in the liquid state blown onto the product by nozzles. The steel strips obtained are easier to shear and coiled at the output end of the casting line owing to the absence of martensite in the ferritic matrix.

Abstract: Installation for continuous casting between two rolls (1,2) having parallel axes and defining therebetween and with two fixed lateral walls (3) a casting space for a liquid metal, each lateral wall comprising at least one lateral part (6) placed against the planar end face of an adjacent one of the rolls and constituted by a portion of a disc having an outside diameter equal to that of the adjacent roll, and a part (12) which is central relative to and confronts the casting space and is composed of an insulating refractory material. The disc portion is made from a material having properties of thermal conductivity and mechanical resistance superior to those of the refractory material and is a frustoconical disc portion whose face having the larger radius of curvature is placed against the adjacent roll and the disc portion defines a frustoconical surface which is in contact with the insulating material of the central part.

Abstract: Boron-containing steel products having boron contents of up to 200 ppm are obtained by an annealing process in the temperature range of between 850.degree. and 1050.degree. C. The characterizing feature of the invention is that the products are annealed in the state of equilibrium in a non-oxidizing gaseous atmosphere with a boron potential supplied by a pulverulent boron oxide source having a value such that the products retain or adsorb their boron content. The boron source is quantitatively about 100 g of B.sub.2 O.sub.3 per m.sup.3 of annealing space. In an annealing gas atmosphere mainly consisting of hydrogen, the steam partial pressure can be adjusted at atmospheric pressure in the presence of B.sub.2 O.sub.3 to the required boron activity within the range of between 10.sup.-3 to 10.sup.-5. The products can also be simultaneously case hardened during annealing. The case hardening agent can be mixed with pulverulent boron oxide as the boron source.

Abstract: A method for increasing the resistance to thermal shocks of the oxide layer of metallic heat conductive materials which contain 3% to 10% aluminum, 10% to 26% chromium, up to 3% zirconium and/or titanium and/or hafnium and/or niobium and/or silicon and/or 0.002% to 0.3% total of rare earths and/or yttrium in metallic form or as finely dispersed oxides, the remainder being iron and/or nickel and/or cobalt as well as the trace elements normally present in steels. The materials develop primarily aluminum oxide and/or chromium oxide on the surface when heated in a temperature range of 700.degree. C. to 1350.degree. C. in an oxygen-containing atmosphere. The materials are first heated in an oxygen-free atmosphere under conditions which cause recrystallization in their surface zone. They then are oxidized in an atmosphere which contains oxygen in chemically bound form.

Abstract: A lifting device is provided which has two rotatingly driven eccentric shafts articulated to an elevating platform for the continuous casting mold or directly to the latter. At least one Cardan shaft (D) which meets at least one of the following two conditions is provided in the linkage between the rotating drive (B) and the eccentric shafts (A):(a) the position of the joint head (H) removed from the eccentric shaft (A) is variable (change of position angle .beta.),(b) the joint heads (G,H) can be rotated mutually (gimbal error).

Abstract: A method of producing a filter for separating solid particles, whose diameters are generally smaller than 5 .mu.m, from flowing gases or liquids. A covering layer with columnar and/or platelet-shaped oxides is formed on a body consisting of porous steel foil at least in and around the pores.

Abstract: Honeycomb bodies for cleaning the exhaust gases of internal combustion engines function as carrier for a wash coat impregnated with a noble metal. The known honeycomb bodies exhibit square conduit cross sections with a cross-sectional area of approximately 1.1.times.1.1 mm.sup.2. The small cross sections result in high flow resistances which are amplified even more by deposits of rather thick layers of wash coat in the corner areas. A considerable diminution of the flow resistances is achieved without reducing the amounts of harmful substances converted while saving honeycomb material if the honeycomb bodies (1) comprise individual conduits (2) which exhibit a ratio of width (3) to height (4) of 1.5 to 15.

Abstract: A filter for separating solid particles, whose diameters are generally smaller than 5 .mu.m, from flowing gases or liquids. A covering layer with columnar and/or platelet-shaped oxides is formed on a body consisting of porous steel foil at least in and around the pores.

Abstract: A ferritic, heat-resistant steel whose behavior at high application temperatures is improved by the combined addition of oxygen affinitive elements. Apart from stabilizing the electric resistance of heating elements by addition of zirconium, titanium and rare earth metal, also the creep elongation of the steel is considerably reduced under load at temperatures above 900.degree. C., the thermal stress capacity thus being increased. The resulting complex oxide coating increases the protective function with regard to preserving the metallic cross-section in continuous and/or cyclic heat treatments.The steel is composed of:up to 0.10 % Cup to 0.80 % Si0.10 to 0.50 % Mnup to 0.035 % Pup to 0.020 % S12 to 30 % Cr0.10 to 1.0 % Moup to 1 % Ni3.5 to 8 % Al0.01 to 1 % Zr0.003 to 0.8 % rare earth metals0.003 to 0.30 % Ti0.003 to 0.050 % Nremainder Fe and incidental impurities.

Abstract: The invention relates to a micro-alloyed pearlitic steels contain 0.20 to 0.50% C, 0.40 to 1.0% Si, 0,80 to 1,80% Mn, 0.008 to 0.2% S, 0 to 0.7% Cr, 0 to 0.1% Al, 0 to 0.04% N, 0.01 to 0.05% Ti, remainder iron and impurities resulting from the melting process, with mixed sulphides (manganese, titanium carbonitrides, and the like) precipitated on the grain boundaries. The steel may preferably contain an additional content of up to 0.20% V and/or up to 0.10% Nb.

Abstract: A martensite steel, especially for plastic molds, of the following compositions:0.001 to 0.1% carbon0.50 to 2.0% silicon8.0 to 14.0% manganese0.3 to 5.0% titanium0.001 to 1.0% aluminum0 to 2.0% chromium0 to 3.0% molybdenum0 to 4.0% nickel0 to 4.0% tungsten0 to 5.0% cobaltremainder iron, including impurities caused by manufacture.

Abstract: The invention relates to removable dental appliances made of cobalt-chromium-cast alloys containing (in % by weight) 0,1 to 1,0% C, 0,05 to 0,5% N, 0,5 to 3,0% Si, 0,3 to 10,0% Mn, 20 to 35% Cr, 2 to 10% Mo, 5 to 40% Fe, at least 20% Cobalt as rest including incidental impurities.

Abstract: An alloy is proposed for use in making permanent magnets. The alloy has the following composition by weight:______________________________________ Chromium 22.5 to 25.5% Cobalt 15.0 to 17.5% Molybdenum 2.0 to 4.0% Silicon 0.1 to 0.8% Oxygen less than 0.10% Effective carbon less than 0.06% Remainder iron and unavoidable impurities, ______________________________________where effective carbon is defined as carbon content plus 0.86 times nitrogen content.In a method of manufacturing permanent magnets, a workpiece is made of the alloy, for example by suction or extrusion casting, and the workpiece is subjected to a heat treatment comprising:(a) a homogenizing annealing for 15 minutes to 3 hours at 1230.degree. C. to 1280.degree. C., followed by quenching in water or oil; and(b) a thermo-magnetic treatment for 10 to 30 minutes at 720.degree. C. to 740.degree. C., followed by the application for 10 to 120 minutes in a preferred axial direction of a magnetic field of 80 to 240 kA/m at a temperature of 630.degree. C.

Abstract: Joined connections between a metallic compact body made by melting metallurgy and a body made by powder metallurgy are prepared by providing a pre-formed, unsintered pressed body having at least one component which forms a liquid phase at the sintering temperature, placing the pre-formed body directly in contact with a metallic compact body without application of external pressure and subjecting the contacted bodies to a temperature sufficient to sinter the pressed body but below the liquidus temperature of the compact body.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a highly wear-resistant, corrosion-resistant steel having high thermal resistance and tempering stability which consists of Fe; 0.7-1.7%C; 0.01-0.08%N; 0.02-1.5%B; 0.01-1.5% Si; 0.01-1.0% Mn; 5.0-15.0% Co; 3.0-7.0% Cr; 13.0-20.0% Mo; 0.02-2.0% Nb and/or Ta. The steel may additionally contain up to 10.0% W and up to 5.0% V.

Abstract: Described herein is a method for the manufacture of materials such as tools, machines or parts thereof composed of at least two sections joined together by composite sintering from sintered alloys with an iron, nickel or cobalt base wherein at least two powdered metallic mixtures having differing metal carbide contents are separately prepared and poured, one after the other, into a mold and then formed into a pressed body; the pressed body is then sintered at the lowest temperature sufficient to cause alloy formation in the mixture having the lowest sintering temperature, and then hot-pressed to complete alloy formation in the pressed body and achieve maximum density.

Abstract: A sintered hard-material alloy for use in tool parts and parts subject to wear having a coefficient of heat expansion approximately equal to that of tool steel. The hard material alloy consists essentially of 15 to 80% by weight of hard material, preferably titanium carbide, and 20 to 80% by weight of steel with:0.25 to 0.9% carbon;5 to 35% chromium;2 to 5.0% molybdenum;0 to 3.0% manganese;0 to 1.0% silicon;0 to 3.0% copper;0 to 1% vanadium0 to 6.0% cobalt;0 to 0.5% niobium;0 to 0.01% boron;0 to 1.8% nickel;0.5 to 1.8% aluminum; andRemainder iron.A tool part having a tool body member made of tool steel and an insert made of the above mentioned hard material alloy.

Abstract: Described herein is a ferritic chrome-molybdenum-nickel steel, containing specified amounts of niobium, zirconium and aluminum, of high chemical resistance against general and intercrystalline corrosion attack, as well as against pitting, crevice and stress corrosion in chloride-containing solutions. The described steel is useful for the fabrication of articles which must exhibit a 0.2-limit of at least 520 N/mm.sup.2 at room temperature; a notched bar impact strength of at least 40 J at 0.degree. C. and at least 70 J at 20.degree. C. in 3-mm U-notch impact specimens; and guaranteed for flat stock such as sheet or strip material up to at least 10 mm thickness and for bar material of at least 60 mm diameter, round of square.