Abstract: A ship which has supporting columns which run vertically and are located in the hull of the ship, as well as at least one flat, rectangular area element which extends horizontally and is supported on at least one of these support columns, in which the supporting columns are located at some distance from the corner points of the rectangular area element.

Abstract: The device is used in exhaust and ventilation systems on a ship which has a plurality of exhaust and ventilation ducts. The exhaust and ventilation ducts connect the ship's operating systems with the environment. There are retaining elements for the three-dimensional fastening of the exhaust and ventilation ducts. The exhaust and ventilation ducts are mounted in a support frame. The support frame is self-supporting and can be inserted in a vertical shaft on the ship. The support frame has a height which essentially equals the vertical length of the exhaust and ventilation ducts, and extends, starting from the shipboard propulsion system, through a plurality of ship's decks, to a stack end piece.

Abstract: Box-shaped structures, such as buildings. Such boxed-shape structures can include modular boxes. Other conceivable forms are paneled elements in plane and curved three-dimensional shapes, which may be used in such box-shaped structures. The paneled elements, in such a case, will be integrable with other paneled elements to form such box-shaped structures. The present invention can overcome the disadvantage encountered with many known vessels, containers and other similar structures, that they tend to be very complex and expensive to manufacture, or tend not to meet all of the requirements associated with such vessels, containers and other similar structures.

Abstract: An apparatus for machining an end of bar stock includes a mechanism for positioning the bar stock along a longitudinal axis so that the end of the bar stock is positioned at a desired location with respect to a cutting tool. The mechanism for positioning the bar stock is capable of moving in a first direction parallel to the longitudinal axis, a second direction perpendicular to and above and below the longitudinal axis and a third direction which is perpendicular to the first and second directions.

Abstract: A thermal insulating body, or molding, for thermal insulation, consisting of a shell which can be evacuated and which is filled with a solid, microporous thermal insulating material, is characterized by the fact that at least the end surfaces (3) of the shell (1) consist of material which is a poor thermal conductor, that the microporous thermal insulation material consists of compression-proof and baked fibrillar micro glass fibers, and that the fibrillar micro glass fibers are compacted and pressed into three-dimensional panels (4).

Abstract: For icebraking ships whose forward quarter is designed like a pontoon with an underside rising obliquely forward, and having icebreaking configurations on its sides, the hull can be equipped on both sides over the entire length of the ship with balcony-like flanks that improve the maneuverability of the icebreaking ship. The undersides of the balcony-like flanks can drop off obliquely downward and preferably lie at the level of the water line so that, during the turning of the ship, the oblique undersides can break off the edges of the ice. Further, the underside of the bow in the vicinity of the icebreaking configurations can be designed wider that the water line of the afterbody, to thus provide a clearance between the edges of the ice and the hull.

Abstract: Ship, in particular merchant ship, with at least one large power plant such as a main propulsion engine (11) located in the ship's steel hull, around which there are the necessary auxiliary spaces, such as access spaces, bunkers, tanks, compartments, control rooms, workshops, control devices, distribution centers, pumps, hydraulic power plants, etc.

Abstract: An icebreaking ship is equipped, on the forward quarter of the hull, on both side flanks in the vicinity of the water line, with first and second icebreaking structures, with the second icebreaking structure located at some distance behind the first. Between the two icebreaking structures is a recessed area, which has a curve profile which approximately matches the radius of curvature of the inside turning circle of the ship at the crown or zenithal line of the turning circle. The second icebreaking structure is designed so that it does not exceed the width of the hull and the recessed hull wall area between the icebreaking structures is designed as a waistline-like indentation in the hull.

Abstract: An icebreaker hull having laterally projecting hull components which define inclined upwardly and rearwardly sloped faces arranged in part above and in part below the vessels normal water line, and each hull component further including a longitudinally extending face cooperating with the inclined face to define a cutting edge. At least a second pair of similar projecting hull components adjacent the first components to define a second cutting edge downstream of the first cutting edge. One or more of these hull components may be movable from and to positions where they are stowed in streamline relationship to the hull.

Abstract: Broken ice floes move laterally by the prow of an ice breaker into a position below the unbroken ice cover laterally limit the fairway channel formed and surround the stern of the ship, so that as a result of the increased water speed produced by the propeller thrust deduction the ice is drawn into the propeller, which chops it up, so that increased propeller power is necessary. In addition, the propeller can be damaged by ice floes moved back into the fairway channel. To avoid this, the horizontal propulsion of the ice breaker takes place in propeller-independent manner by jet or rocket engines or by instantaneous or constant propulsion energy-producing force closure of the hull with a mechanical apparatus located on the ocean bed, such as a chain, cable or lowered travelling piles, and a mechanical pushing off or hauling in apparatus being provided on the hull side.

Abstract: The stern apron is constructed as a volume body tapering to a sharp end in streamlined manner towards the stern of the ship and which at its lower outer edges is in each case wider than in the overlying region, so that the ship's resistance and the necessary propulsive power when travelling in open water is reduced and, particularly when moving astern, the propulsion and control members are protected against contact with the ice.

Abstract: The prow of the ship with a lower power requirement in open and ice-covered water has a front surface which is forwardly inclined at the top over the entire beam of the ship with marginal cutting edges, preferably on rod-like profiles. The front surface passes into an underwater prow part with frames which are V-shaped at the bottom. The cutting edges above the waterline can forwardly pass into two catamaran-like stems, the front surface being curved in the longitudinal direction. The front surface is carried by thwartships frames, which are horizontal at the bottom in the central part of its longitudinal extension, below the construction waterline and approximately forms a plane there. In the midships longitudinal direction an ice-cutting central skid is provided on the prow. Even in the case of widely varying ice characteristics, favorable conditions are provided for breaking out one-part ice floes.