Abstract: The invention relates to a process for improving the cold formability of hot rolled or cold rolled heat-treatable steels.The characterizing feature of the invention is that with a composition of (in % by weight)0.32-0.54% C0.05-0.40% Mn0.41-1.5% Si0.02-0.15% Almaximum 0.05% Crmaximum 0.05% Smaximum 0.03% Pmaximum 0.02% Nresidue iron and unavoidable impuritiesprior to the final cold forming and quench hardening with subsequent tempering is performed for at least 15 hours at temperatures between 620.degree. and 680.degree. C. to graphitization, while with a composition of0.55-1.3% C0.20-0.30% Mn0.41-0.90% Si0.02-0.15% Almaximum 0.05% Crmaximum 0.010% Smaximum 0.03% Pmaximum 0.02% Nresidue iron and unavoidable impuritiessaid annealing lasts for at least 8 hours.

Abstract: The continuous casting installation includes:a) a funnel-shaped oscillating mold having cooled walls to produce a steel strip having a thickness of 40 to 50 mm; andb) a deforming device disposed at a distance of at most 0.5 m from the mold outlet to squeeze the steel strip to a thickness of not more than 25 mm.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the production of hot rolled strip or heavy plates from stainless and refractory steels or from forgeable alloys on a nickel basis with a final thickness in the range of 5 to 60 mm by the production of a slab from monobloc casting or by continuous casting and heating the slab at a temperature above 1100.degree. C. followed by the hot rolling of the slab and accelerated cooling of the product rolled to the end thickness. The characterizing feature of the invention is that the heated slab is rolled without interruptions first to a maximum of 1/6 of its initial thickness, mainly by deformation passes in which the degree of deformation pass in the thickness direction is greater than the degrees of deformation shown by curve A in FIG. 1, in dependence on the surface temperature of the product.

Abstract: A steel strand having a thickness of 40 to 50 mm in cast in an oscillating mold for continuous casting at a speed of 2 to 20 m/min. The not yet completely solidified steel strand emerging from the mold is squeezed to such an extent that the inner walls of the already solidified strand shell are welded to one another. After the steel strand reduced in thickness in this way has been cooled to 1000.degree. to 1200.degree. C., the strip is rolled out in at least one pass with a 5 to 85% degree of deformation.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an apparatus for preparing binder-free hot briquettes for smelting purposes consisting of iron-containing pyrophorous finely divided solids. Before briquetting, the finely divided solids are blown-through by means of a rising oxidating heated gas flow and held in a fluidized bed. The gas flow is controlled in such a way that by oxidation of at least part of the metallic iron the temperature of the finely divided solids is increased to about 450.degree. to 65020 C. Subsequently, the solids are briquetted in hot condition. Characteristic for the invention is that there is added to the fluidized bed sensible heat from the outside until oxidation of part of the metallic iron starts, and that the fluidized bed is submitted to the effect of vibrations favoring the the conveying of the solids over the fluidized bed.

Abstract: The invention relates to a structural steel having high resistance to intergranular stress operation cracking, more particularly in nitrate solutions and good welding properties (in % by mass):0.01 to 0.04% carbonup to 0.012% nitrogen0.08 to 0.22% titanium with Ti equal or greater than 3.5 (C+N)0.2 to 2.5% manganese2.0 to 5.5% chromium0.01 to 0.10% aluminiumup to 0.5% siliconup to 1.0% nickelup to 0.02% phosphorusup to 0.02% sulphurthe residue being iron and unavoidable impurities.

Abstract: The invention comprises a process for the production of clad hot rolled strip. A steel slab as base material is cladded with a layer material of a corrosion-resistnt material. The slab is of a low-alloy steel having a carbon content of up to 0.25% by weight, the layer material preferably is stainless, more particularly a stainless austenitic steel or a wrought alloy on a nickel basis. The steel slab and the layer material are connected by explosive cladding, the resulting composite body being heated to rolling temperature and is subsequently rolled down to one quarter of the initial thickness with a high reduction of pass of phi greater than 0.10 and then rolled to final thickness of the hot rolled strip. The finish rolling temperature is in the range of 900.degree. C. The clad hot rolled strip is subjected to a cooling rate in the core of at least 8.degree. C./s to a cooling temperature of below 650.degree. C.

Abstract: The invention comprises a metallurgical vessel, more particularly an electric arc furnace, having means for introducing inert stirring (purging) gases into a metal melt. The vessel has an outer sheet metal jacket, a refractory lining, and means for introducing stirring gases into the melt being disposed in the furnace hearth, which comprises a permanent lining of refractory bricks and a wear lining of a refractory ramming mass. The means for introducing the stirring gases are disposed in the permanent lining.

Abstract: A shaped member of welded pieces of sheet metal of different thickness, more particularly having a metallic anti-corrosion protection, for example of zinc, on at least one side, wherein the pieces of sheet metal are joined to one another by a laser-beam-butt-welding process and shaped as a unit.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of producing hot rolled strip having tensile strength values of Rm=500 to 780 N/mm.sup.2 from unalloyed or low-alloy steels with 0.3 to 0.9% C. A steel slab is austenitized and rolled into hot rolled strip which is cooled on a run-out table and then coiled.The characterizing feature of the invention is that the hot rolling and the cooling of the strip on the run-out table are performed in such a manner that the austenite/ferrite transformation in the hot rolled strip starts only in the coil and is finished in the coil.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for producing binder-free hot briquets of finely particulate non-pyrophoric residual substances accumulating in the production and processing of iron and steel and containing substantially no combustible components, for use in smelting. The characterizing features of the invention are: fuel in a finely particulate form is admixed to the residual substances; a quantity of sensible heat is fed from outside to the mixture of residual substances and fuel, until the fuel ignites, the quantity of fuel added being such that the temperature of the residual substances reaches the range of 600.degree. to 900.degree. C.; and the residual substances are then immediately hot-briquetted without intermediate cooling at a temperature in the aforementioned range.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process and apparatus for preparing binder-free hot briquettes for smelting purposes consisting of iron-containing pyrophorous finely divided solids. Before briquetting, the finely divided solids are blown-through by means of a rising oxidating heated gas flow and held in a fluidized bed. During said process the gas flow is controlled in such a way that by oxidation of at least part of the metallic iron the temperature of the finely divided solids is increased to about 450.degree. to 650.degree. C. Subsequently, the solids are briquetted in hot condition. Characteristic for the invention is that there is added to the fluidized bed sensible heat from the outside until oxidation of part of the metallic iron starts, and that the fluidization bed is submitted to the effect of vibrations favoring the conveying of the solids over the fluidized bed.

Abstract: A process for desulfurizing molten iron using a fine-grain agent consisting essentially of industrial calcium carbide, a dried coal, the coal containing at least 15% by weight of volatile components, and fine-grained magnesium and which agent is injected in fluidized form into an iron melt by means of a gas, comprising separately storing fine-grained magnesium and a calcium carbide/coal mixture, separately fluidizing the fine-grained magnesium and calcium carbide/coal mixture, combining the fluidized fine-grained magnesium and calcium carbide/coal mixture in a conveying line or lance and injecting the resultant combined fluidized mixture into an iron melt.

Abstract: A process for making a shaped member from sheet metal pieces (37,38) of different thicknesses. In the process flat sheet metal pieces (37,38) are butt welded at their cut edges by laser beam welding. Then the unit, welded together from a number of sheet metal pieces (37,38) of different thickness, are converted into a shaped member by pressing or deep drawing. Since the material of sheet metal pieces (37,38) is not much affected by laser beam welding and the laser-beam-welded joint (39) does not expand much, the joint (39) has no adverse effect on shaping, nor is any anti-corrosion protection, for example, of zinc lost during laser beam welding.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the preparation of low-carbon and low-silicon ferromanganese (refined ferromanganese) by blowing with pure oxygen in a converter ferromanganese of high carbon content (high-carbon ferromanganese) produced in a blast furnace. The characterizing feature of the invention is that in an oxidation phase oxygen is blown from above with a top blowing lance on to the melt of high-carbon ferromanganese melt, while at the same time an inert stirring gas is blown through tuyeres into the melt below its level, and on termination of oxygen top blowing, in an immediately following reduction phase, solid reducing agents and lumps of lime are added to the melt to recover the slagged manganese.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of producing hot-rolled strip having a dual-phase structure from a slab previously produced by ingot casting or continuous casting. The slab contains carbon, manganese, silicon and chromium as essential constituents in addition to iron. The slab is heated up to the rolling temperature, hot-rolled at a temperature above A.sub.r3, rapidly cooled from the rolling temperature and coiled at a relative low temperature. The characterizing features of the invention are that the hot-rolled strip(a) is produced from a steel which, in addition to 0.05 to 0.16% of C, 0.5 to 1.0% of Si, 0.3 to 1.5% of Cr, .ltoreq.0.025% of P, .ltoreq.0.015% of S, 0.02 to 0.10% of Al and .ltoreq.0.011% of N, contains 0.2 to 0.4% of Mn, the remainder being iron and usual impurities,(b) is rapidly cooled, immediately after finish-rolling, from final rolling temperature down to the coiling temperature at a mean rate in the range from 30.degree. to 70.degree. C.

Abstract: A fine-grained agent for desulfurizing molten iron comprising industrial calcium carbide, dried coal which contains at least 15% by weight of volatile constituents and which, immediately after being passed into the molten iron, releases at least 80 standard liters of gas per kg of coal, and optionally contains fine-grained magnesium. The coals used are lignites, flame coal, gas-flame coal, gas coal or coking coal. The agent is prepared by addition of the dried coal to the calcium carbide, if appropriate, pre-crushed, and common comminuted to a grain size of 90% <200 .mu.m. The fine-grained magnesium is present in the agent either in uniform distribution, or it is stored and fluidized separately from the carbide/coal mixture and added to the carbide/coal mixture in the transport line or in the lance, if appropriate, with variation during injection.

Abstract: A continuously cast steel consisting of0.32 to 1.0% carbon0.20 to 3.0% manganese,up to 2.0% silicon,max. 0.05% phosphorus,max. 0.05% sulphur,0.002 to 0.008% nitrogen,0.015 to 0.08% zirconium,0.010 to 0.10% aluminium,up to 3.5% chromium,up to 3.5% nickel andup to 0.5% molybdenumrest iron and unavoidable impurities, wherein the zirconium: nitrogen ratio being 7:1 to 10:1 and the austenite grain size being ASTM 6 or a smaller grain size number.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for guiding sheets or strips to be butt-welded together and to an apparatus with means for conveying and guiding sheets or strips to be butt-welded together. The sheets or strips, lying laterally next to one another, each with one of its side edges against a guide surface lying in the same vertical plane, are brought into contact without gaps in the same horizontal plane, on conveying planes inclined at an acute angle relative to one another. In the apparatus, the conveying means, especially roller tables, form conveying planes arranged at an acute angle .alpha. relative to one another. The guide means consist of guide surfaces lying in the same vertical plane. Thus, strips or sheets can be guided continuously past a fixed welding device in order to be welded together without gaps.

Abstract: A process for the butt-welding of especially deep-drawable steel sheets or steel strips galvanized at least on one side, in which the welding seam is protected against corrosion. To obtain a welding seam flush with the sheet and protected against corrosion, without the reworking of the welding seam and without the use of filler material, sheets or strips having essentially rectangular cut edges with a corrosion in the longitudinal direction of at most 0.4 mm are used. The sheets and strips brought into touch contact with these cut edges are melted in the region of the welding joint by means of a laser beam, of which the focal spot covering the cut edges has a diameter of at most 0.2 mm. Because of the extremely narrow welding gap, the voids are filled by the molten material of the adjacent sheets, without any detectable reduction in the thickness of the sheets or strips.