Abstract: Dry mixtures and liquid formulations are provided that comprise metal oxide and/or metal hydroxide nanocrystalline particles. The dry mixtures are advantageously formulated with select surfactants to be readily solubilized and stable in liquid carriers. Additional select components are provided in preferred combinations that are capable of achieving improved biocidal and chemical agent efficacy. Notably, the inventive formulations provided herein allow for easier delivery of the formulations and increased shelf stability.

Abstract: Apparatus and methods for reducing or eliminating undesirable air-borne substances, such as odors, bacteria, viruses, fungi, and toxins, are provided. A filter containing nanocrystalline metal oxide or metal hydroxide particles may be installed within an air handling apparatus such as an existing HVAC unit located within a building, and particularly within a home, or a portable air processor or purifier. The air handling apparatus comprises a blower which pulls air containing various undesirable substances from within the enclosed environment and directs it through a filtering device containing the nanocrystalline particles. The undesirable substances are sorbed by the nanocrystalline particles thereby creating a deodorized stream of air that may then be directed back into various portions of the enclosed environment or vented to the atmosphere.