Abstract: The inventive concept relates to an attaching and detaching type driving device, which is formed to be attachable and detachable to a manual wheelchair whose wheels are manually driven by a user, and to switch the manual wheelchair to an electric wheelchair that automatically drives wheels using power, and particularly, which is capable of being attached to and detached from the manual wheelchair regardless of shape or size of the wheelchair, being switched to the electric wheelchair, and supplying the electric wheelchair with low cost. The attaching and detaching type driving device includes a driving module mounted on each of both installation frames supporting both wheels in the wheelchair and putting rollers in close contact with the wheels to transfer a rotational force of the rollers to the wheels and a steering module controlling a drive of the driving module.