Abstract: A method of manufacturing a multicomponent lithium phosphate compound particle with an olivine structure of formula LiyM11-ZM2ZPO4, M1 is Fe, Mn or Co; Y satisfies 0.9?Y?1.2; M2 is Mn, Co, Mg, Ti or Al; and Z satisfies 0<Z?0.1, in which the M2 concentration is continuously lowered from a surface of the particle to a core portion of the particle. The method includes mixing a lithium M1 phosphate compound with an olivine structure of formula LiXM1PO4, M1 is Fe, Mn or Co, and X satisfies 0.9?X?1.2, and a precursor of a lithium M2 phosphate compound with an olivine structure of formula LiXM2PO4, M2 is Mn, Co, Mg, Ti or Al, and X satisfies 0.9?X?1.2, to form a mixture; and subjecting the mixture to heating in an inert atmosphere or a vacuum.

Abstract: The formation of cracks is suppressed in a drying process for a water-containing wet gel without modifying the gel and without using a reagent. A water-containing wet gel is dried by removing water and then removing the remaining solvent. For example, a wet-gel container storing water-containing wet gel, containing a wet gel and a solvent, is heated. The solvent is vaporized into an upper space of the wet-gel container. The solvent-containing gas diffuses into a dehydrating agent container, and water is removed by a dehydrating agent. This state is maintained for one to two days to remove almost all amount of water from the solvent. Thereafter, the dehydrating agent container is detached and the wet gel, from which water has been removed, is heated to almost completely remove the solvent, and further heated at a higher temperature to completely remove the solvent to obtain a crack-free dry gel.

Abstract: There is provided an image processing apparatus including a tone mapper that losslessly tone maps image data in a floating-point representation, a base layer generator that generates base layer image data by reducing a bit depth of the image data tone mapped by the tone mapper, and an enhancement layer generator that generates enhancement layer data by using the image data tone mapped by the tone mapper and the base layer image data generated by the base layer generator.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing, a secondary battery separator including a porous resin film in which pores have three-dimensionally ordered structure and are in mutual communication via through-holes. The method includes: uniformly dispersing spherical microparticles having narrow particle size distribution in a dispersion medium to prepare a microparticles-dispersed slurry; drying slurry to obtain a spherical microparticles-dispersed film; heat-treating the film to form a microparticles-resin film in which the microparticles are regularly arrayed in three-dimensions in a resin matrix; and contacting the microparticles-resin film with an organic acid, water, an alkaline solution or an inorganic acid other than hydrofluoric acid to dissolve and remove the microparticles, or heating the microparticles-resin film to remove the microparticles, to form pores which are in mutual communication and regularly arrayed in the resin matrix.

Abstract: A semiconductor device and the like that can determine the performance of a semiconductor integrated circuit with higher accuracy even when test environment fluctuates. The semiconductor device detects degradation of the semiconductor integrated circuit, including measurement unit that measures temperature and voltage, decision unit that judges whether the test is executed within an allowable test timing in the detection target circuit portion at each test operation frequency and decides a maximum test operation frequency and calculation unit that converts a maximum test operation frequency into that at a standard temperature and voltage and calculates a degradation amount. The semiconductor integrated circuit has a monitor block circuit that monitors the values for the measurement unit to measure temperature and voltage. The measurement unit has estimation unit that estimates temperature and voltage of a detection target circuit portion based on the monitored values.

Abstract: The present invention provides a ceramic material allowing a pellet having higher density and satisfactory Li ion conduction to be obtained. The ceramic material contains Li, La, Zr, Al and O and has a garnet-type or garnet-like crystal structure, the ratio of the number of moles of Li with respect to La being 2.0 or greater to 2.5 or lower.

Abstract: A surface chemical treatment apparatus provided with: a first conduit having an opening at one end and communicating with a liquid supply means at the other end; a second conduit having at one end an opening that surrounds the opening of the first conduit and communicating with a liquid suction means at the other end; and a moving mechanism for moving the openings of the first and second conduits relative to the solid phase surface, so as to make a surface chemical treatment possible in a fine pattern by allowing the patterning solution to be dispensed through the opening of the first conduit while allowing the solution to be suctioned up together with the surrounding liquid phase or gas phase medium through the opening of the second conduit that surrounds the opening of the first conduit and, thus, preventing seepage of the solution in all directions.

Abstract: An atomic oscillator includes an alkali metal cell encapsulating an alkali metal atom; a light source that emits laser light; a light detector that detects light which has passed through the alkali metal cell; and a polarizer arranged between the alkali metal cell and the light detector. A modulation frequency in the light source is controlled, according to a coherent population trapping resonance which is a light absorption characteristic of a quantum interference effect for two kinds of resonant lights, by modulating the light source to generate sidebands and injecting laser lights with the sidebands into the alkali metal cell. A magnetic field is applied on the alkali metal cell in a direction parallel to a propagating direction of the laser light, and the laser light entering the alkali metal cell has a linear polarization, which is not parallel to a polarization direction of the polarizer.

Abstract: An electrode having excellent charge/discharge cycle characteristics and which is capable of improving a secondary battery capacity. An electrode is formed on the surface of a collector as an assembly of multiple porous domain structures that are apart from each other, the porous domain structures each having a polygonal shape without an acute angle in a planar view, the polygonal shape having a maximum diameter of 120 ?m or less.

Abstract: An atomic oscillator includes an alkali metal cell encapsulating an alkali metal atom; a light source that emits laser light; a light detector that detects light which has passed through the alkali metal cell; and a polarizer arranged between the alkali metal cell and the light detector. A modulation frequency in the light source is controlled, according to a coherent population trapping resonance which is a light absorption characteristic of a quantum interference effect for two kinds of resonant lights, by modulating the light source to generate sidebands and injecting laser lights with the sidebands into the alkali metal cell. A magnetic field is applied on the alkali metal cell in a direction parallel to a propagating direction of the laser light, and the laser light entering the alkali metal cell has a linear polarization, which is not parallel to a polarization direction of the polarizer.

Abstract: An atomic oscillator includes an alkali-metal cell in which alkali-metal atoms are enclosed, a light source which irradiates the atoms in the alkali-metal cell with laser beams, a photodetector which detects a light amount of the laser beams passing through the alkali-metal cell to enter the photodetector, and a controller which generates sidebands including a pair of laser beams with different wavelengths by performing frequency modulation of a carrier on the light source, causes the pair of laser beams with the different wavelengths to enter the alkali-metal cell, and controls a modulation frequency according to optical absorption characteristics of the atoms by quantum interference effects of a pair of resonance laser beams, wherein the side bands include second-order or higher-order sidebands.

Abstract: A gold cluster catalyst is capable of promoting/controlling a chemical reaction with high catalytic activity and selectivity. The gold cluster catalyst has a carrier supporting clusters, each of which is an aggregate of a plurality of gold atoms, which can be obtained by providing the carrier supporting a plurality of gold cluster compounds and then processing the gold cluster compounds on the carrier, in which each of the gold cluster compounds is stabilized by an organic ligand and including a predetermined number of gold atoms. In the gold cluster catalyst, each of the clusters may have a particle diameter of 10 nm or less and be formed substantially only of gold atoms.

Abstract: A gas turbine combustor includes inner and outer liners that are concentric and cylindrical, and an end liner closing between upstream ends thereof and forming a hollow cylindrical combustion chamber therein, and a swirling air flow forming device introducing combustion air about the end liner from outside and forming a swirling air flow, a fuel ejector ejecting fuel in the swirling direction to form a premixed swirling flow, and an igniter igniting the premixed swirling flow to form a tubular flame surface. The combustion chamber includes a primary combustion chamber, a secondary combustion chamber disposed downstream of the primary combustion chamber, and an annular restrictor reducing the outer diameter of the primary combustion chamber and disposed therebetween. A diluting air hole, supplying diluting air along a flow of the combustion gas passing through the restrictor, is disposed downstream of the restrictor in the inner liner.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a multicomponent lithium phosphate compound particle with an olivine structure of formula LiyM11-ZM2ZPO4, M1 is Fe, Mn or Co; Y satisfies 0.9?Y?1.2; M2 is Mn, Co, Mg, Ti or Al; and Z satisfies 0<Z?0.1, in which the M2 concentration is continuously lowered from a surface of the particle to a core portion of the particle. The method includes mixing a lithium M1 phosphate compound with an olivine structure of formula LiXM1PO4, M1 is Fe, Mn or Co, and X satisfies 0.9?X?1.2, and a precursor of a lithium M2 phosphate compound with an olivine structure of formula LiXM2PO4, M2 is Mn, Co, Mg, Ti or Al, and X satisfies 0.9?X?1.2, to form a mixture; and subjecting the mixture to heating in an inert atmosphere or a vacuum.

Abstract: There is provided an image processing apparatus including a zero class detecting unit that detects a zero class in which an appearance frequency of a pixel value is zero from among a plurality of classes into which pixel values of an image are classified according to pixel value magnitude, and a non-zero class converting unit that converts the zero class into a non-zero class in which the appearance frequency of the pixel value is one or more, without updating a total number of the classes, by updating a range of the zero class detected by the zero class detecting unit. The present disclosure can be applied to an image processing apparatus.

Abstract: Disclosed are an apparatus for the identification of a ribonucleic acid, whereby not only the molecular weights of digestion products, from which nothing but the nucleic acid residue composition can be understood, but also nucleic acid residue sequence data is obtained from a product ion mass set and thus the identification reliability for the individual digestion products can be remarkably improved; a method for the identification of a ribonucleic acid; and a program and system for the identification of a ribonucleic acid.

Abstract: There is provided an image processing apparatus which includes a division unit dividing an image into a plurality of images in a bit depth direction, and an encoding unit encoding respectively some or all of the plurality of images acquired by dividing the image in the bit depth direction by the division unit.

Abstract: There is provided an image processing apparatus which includes a division unit dividing an image into a plurality of images in a bit depth direction, and an encoding unit encoding respectively some or all of the plurality of images acquired by dividing the image in the bit depth direction by the division unit.

Abstract: There is provided an image processing apparatus including a quantization unit that quantizes an image subjected to logarithmic conversion such that a quantization error is focused on a luminance region in which expansion of an error caused due to logarithmic inverse-conversion which is inverse conversion of the logarithmic conversion is relatively small or a luminance region in which no expansion of the error occurs; and an encoding unit that encodes an index image obtained through the quantization by the quantization unit.

Abstract: There is disclosed a multi-component system lithium phosphate compound particles having an olivine structure and represented by a general formula of LiYM11-ZM2ZPO4 in which M1 is one metal element selected from the group consisting of Fe, Mn and Co, Y is a number satisfying a formula of 0.9?Y?1.2, M2 is at least one metal element selected from the group consisting of Mn, Co, Mg, Ti and Al, and Z is an number satisfying a formula of 0<Z?0.1, wherein a concentration of the metal element M2 existing on a surface of the particle is higher than the concentration of that existing in core portion of the particle and that the concentration of the metal element M2 is continuously lowered from the surface of particle to a core portion of the particle.