Abstract: A diffractive optical element device for use in spectroscopy, where broadband light is emitted from a light source towards the optical element and from there is transmitted to at least one detector. The optical element has a plurality of diffractive dispersively focusing patterns, preferably partly integrated into each other, whose respective centers are two-dimensionally offset relative to each other in order to produce a plurality of spectra, where at least two are separate, but offset relative to each other and/or partly overlapping. In an alternative embodiment, the optical element consists of either one diffractive optical element that is related to a wavelength and produces a spectrum, or at least two diffractive optical elements which are related to respective wavelengths and which produce at least two mutually partly overlapping spectra to give a composite spectrum. The optical element is capable of producing at least one indication of upper and/or lower wavelength value in the spectrum.

Abstract: A device and a method for detection of characteristic features of a medium that is wholly or partly transparent, wherein said medium is placeable in an observation area in a light path extending between a light source and a light detector, wherein said medium is illuminated by the light source in the observation area, wherein at least one light-directing optical element is arranged in connection with the observation area. Light transmitted through said medium, which is deflected by said medium when it is in said area and thus causes a change of light direction in said area, is detected. Characteristics of said medium are determined by spectrometry of the received light-deflected light, and a wavelength-sensitive element is used at a position in the light path, either at or as a part of the light source or the light detector.

Abstract: The reverse vending machine (RVM) receives, handles, sorts, and stores returnable items or objects. The RVM includes an item supporting, rotating, sorting and conveyor unit, an upright storage chamber for such items, a safety apparatus to avoid operational hazards, a camera aided detection device for detecting at least one of a bar code on and other characteristics, e.g. contour, of an item, a simplified token system, and a drive system with a releasable power coupling for operating the sorting device and a further storage device.

Abstract: The invention relates to means in a reversed vending machine (RVM) for receiving, handling, sorting, and storing returnable items or objects. The RVM includes an item supporting, rotating, sorting and conveyor unit, an upright storage chamber for such items, a safety apparatus to avoid operational hazards, a camera aided detection device for detecting at least one of a bar code on and other characteristics, e.g. contour, of an item, a simplified token system, and a drive system with a releasable power coupling for operating the sorting device and a further storage device.

Abstract: The invention relates to means in a reverse vending machine (RVM) for receiving, handling, sorting and storing returnable items or objects. The RVM includes an item supporting, rotating, sorting and conveyor unit, an upright storage chamber for such items, a safety apparatus to avoid operational hazards, a camera aided detection device for detecting at least one of a bar code on and other characteristics, e.g. contour, of an item, a simplified token system, and a drive system with a releasable power coupling for operating the sorting device and a further storage device.

Abstract: A device for use with conveyor means and a detector station, said conveyor means for moving empty beverage containers, suitably bottles of different shapes and sizes, past the detector station, and said detector station for providing characteristic data about the containers, and means which based on such data are capable of determining how the containers are to be handled subsequent to detection.

Abstract: A method and a device for detecting containers, e.g. bottles of glass or plastics, or cans made of metal, wood, glass or plastics, which for recycling of materials thereof or reuse thereof are moved in a lying posture and with their axis parallel to direction of transport into or past a detection zone associated with a detector station containing a video camera, a video image analysis of the container being carried out by a video image analyser, and said detector station having an entrance and an exit. There is analysed a sequence of video images of the container whilst it is moved into or past the detection zone of the video camera, and it is determined position and movement of the container in a viewing region of the video camera on the basis of continuous detection of position and movement of the container in the video image.

Abstract: A diffractive optical element device for use in spectroscopy, where broadband light is emitted from a light source (31) towards the optical element (24) and from there is transmitted to at least one detector (29; 29?). The optical element has a plurality of diffractive dispersively focusing patterns, preferably partly integrated into each other, whose respective centers are two-dimensionally offset relative to each other in order to produce a plurality of spectra (25–28), where at least two are separate, but offset relative to each other and/or partly overlapping. In an alternative embodiment, the optical element consists of either one diffractive optical element (60) that is related to a wavelength and produces a spectrum, or at least two diffractive optical elements (60, 61) which are related to respective wavelengths and which produce at least two mutually partly overlapping spectra to give a composite spectrum.

Abstract: The method of handling an empty beverage container having a bottom end and a mouth region and includes moving the container, from a return vending machine inlet, in a direction towards an outlet thereof. Through use of the method there is detected by means of a video camera the container when moved in a lying posture into or past a detection zone of the video camera and the manner by which the container is inserted at said inlet. Further, there is determined whether the container is moved into the detection zone bottom end first or mouth region end first. If the container is delivered into the detection zone with its bottom end first, the container is transported to said outlet. If, however, the container is delivered into the detection zone with its mouth region end first, then the container is caused to be returned to the inlet.

Abstract: An apparatus for disintegrating articles of degradable or non-degradable material, wherein the apparatus has a rotatable knife unit (1) driven by a motor (2), wherein the knife unit blade (51) on rotation of the knife unit in a chamber (4) is designed to move along a chamber wall, and wherein at least a part of the wall has perforations (5). The knife unit (1) is driven by a motor (2) via a mechanical power transmission device (7) which is designed, in the event of a jamming of the knife unit in the chamber or a predetermined working resistance being exceeded, to cause at least partial disconnection of the transmission of power from the device to the knife unit. The power transmission device (7) comprises a flywheel (8) which, in said event of the knife unit jamming or working resistance being exceeded, is at least partly disconnected mechanically from the rotating mass of the knife unit.

Abstract: An optical system having a light source means and a detector means for detecting one or more articles which by means of a conveyor move or are temporarily stationary under the means, where said article(s) has/have at least one reflective portion, and where light is emitted towards the article(s) from the light source means and reflected back towards the detector means. The optical system is characterised in that at a distance above the conveyor there is provided a lens, that the light source means and the detector means are located in or essentially in the same plane which is parallel to the plane of the lens and coincident with the focal plane of the lens, and that the optical axis of the lens is coincident with an axis perpendicular to the focal plane and located halfway between the light source means and the detector means.

Abstract: A method and system for handling, through the use of a reverse vending machine, the return value of empty packaging, e.g., empty packaging in the form of bottles, cans and containers for beverages and food, wherein the reverse vending machine before or after receiving the empty packaging has a means for allowing the customer to indicate either by pressing a first switch that a receipt should be issued related to the return value of the empty packaging for a subsequent refund in cash from the empty packaging recipient, or by pressing a second switch that the return value of the empty packaging is to be used for participation in a lottery.

Abstract: An apparatus for compacting objects such as plastic bottles and cans whose material is to be recycled includes a detector device, two discharge openings and a compactor device. The detector device has at least one code reader for distinguishing approved from rejected objects. One of the two discharge openings is intended for approved objects and the other for rejected objects. The compactor device compacts the approved objects and has continuous, non-cyclic operation. As a result, waiting times are avoided between the discharge of an approved object and the commencement of the compaction thereof.

Abstract: Apparatuses for article handling, comprising one or more of a) an article-moving conveyor belt (1) designed to move along an underlying plate (55) which has a ridge portion (56), so that a substantial part of each article (21) will lie on one side or the other of the highest point of the conveyor belt; b) a lifting apparatus (4) for moving articles, e.g., PET bottles, from an in-feed point to discharge point located above the in-feed point, with the aid of a continuous row of movable article-carrying baskets (26-36) spaced apart along the length of driving belts or drive chains; and c) an article sorting apparatus (6) that is conveyed on a continuously moving conveyor belt (22) and includes a gate (15) that is designed to be able to move an article (21) away from the conveyor belt (22) sideways, and which in the neutral position of the gate (15) is designed to allow the article (21) to move past the gate (15) unaffected thereby.

Abstract: A device for controlling the conveying direction of empty liquid containers of any cross section, where the conveying direction is either through a portion of the device, or sideways away from the conveying path and the containers are supported in a horizontal position, the device comprising a rotatable drum arranged above the conveying path and with its axis of rotation in the direction of the conveying path, wherein the drum has at least one container chamber forming an opening in the drum, at least one container guide plate, and a container ejection mechanism arranged in connection with the chamber. In operation, the ejector empties the container from the chamber when the chamber opening has moved passed an upper edge of the guide plate and thus with force will thrust a container out of the chamber opening.