Abstract: Silicon nitride whiskers having a long fiber length in which .beta. type silicon nitride is well developed are produced by reacting a mixture of silica, carbon and cryolite in the specific molar ratio in a mixed gas atmosphere of N.sub.2 and NH.sub.3 by heating the mixture at a temperature of 1,250.degree.-1,450.degree. C. Kira of a ceramic industry waste may be used in place of silica and in this case N.sub.2 alone is used as a nitriding atmosphere.