Abstract: Pulse laser light transmitted through a laser light transmission optical fiber to an optical system unit passes through a distribution reflecting mirror and is condensed by a condenser lens group. The condenser lens group irradiates the condensed laser light onto an analysis object. The fluorescence emitted as a result of the irradiation of the pulse laser light onto the analysis object is condensed by the condenser lens group and is reflected by the distribution reflecting mirror. The optical system unit transmits the fluorescence reflected by the distribution reflecting mirror through an fluorescence transmission optical fiber to a fluorescence measuring instrument. The fluorescence measuring instrument determines the quantity of elements included in the analysis object on the basis of the fluorescence.

Abstract: The present invention provides a multi-beam klystron apparatus. In the above-described multi-beam klystron apparatus, the magnetic field generating element of the electron-gun-unit-side magnetic field generating unit is disposed around the electron gun unit, and a plurality of magnetic gaps are provided in the inner peripheral surface of the magnetic pole, which covers the magnetic field generating element, in the direction of travel of the electron beams. Therefore, lines of magnetic force, which are parallel to the center axis of the radio-frequency interaction unit, can be generated. Thus, even the electron beam, which is generated from the location apart from the center axis of the electron gun unit, can be guided to the radio-frequency interaction unit in the same manner as in the location at the canter axis of the electron gun unit.

Abstract: A transmission target of a vacuum container is operable to have a ground potential and an electro-optical system is floated at a positive potential in the vacuum container. An electron beam, which is converged by means of the electro-optical system, is decelerated immediately before the electron beam is incident to the transmission target. The electron beam has energy that is several times of the final set value until the electron beam passes through the electro-optical system, and a divergence action exerted by a spatial electric charge effect is reduced. Color aberration of the electro-optical system is proportional to energy of the electron beam. Thus, if the electron beam is decelerated after the electron beam has passed through the electro-optical system, aberration is reduced in proportion to the degree of deceleration, making it possible to concurrently reduce a focus size.

Abstract: A supporting member supports an anode target at one end thereof and is provided with an attachment portion around the outer circumference of the other end. The attachment portion is attached to the inner circumferential surface of the cylindrical portion of the second vacuum envelope member so that the heat conductivity from the supporting member to the second vacuum envelope member can be improved by means of the attachment portion. A terminal is provided at the end surface portion on the side of the other end of the second vacuum envelope member for applying a voltage to the anode target. The terminal is positioned away from the attachment portion so that the temperature of the insulating material that insulates the terminal can be kept low and the insulating characteristics can be ensured over the long term.

Abstract: A scintillation panel has a support substrate to pass radiation, a light-reflecting material dispersed film which is formed flat on the support substrate, and provided with dispersed light-reflecting material particles to reflect visible light, and a scintillation layer which is formed on the light-reflecting material dispersed film, and converts an incident radiation into visible light.

Abstract: An X-ray tomograph comprises an X-ray generator having a function of moving the focal position and radiating X-rays toward a subject, an X-ray image receiving element for receiving transmission images created by X-rays radiated from the X-ray generator, and an image processing section for creating a tomographic image by processing the transmission images of the subject received by the X-ray image receiving element. A stereoradioscopic image constructing equipment comprises the X-ray tomograph and a stereoradioscopic image constructing section for creating a stereoradioscopic image by subjecting the created tomographic images to image processing. By using the X-ray tomograph, a tomographic image can be created without providing any high-precision movable mechanism, and a tomographic image of even a soft subject can be correctly created.

Abstract: A semiconductor photodiode includes: an insulative substrate; a first conductivity type semiconductor layer formed on the insulative substrate; an i-type semiconductor layer formed on the first conductivity type semiconductor layer; a second conductivity type semiconductor layer formed on the i-type semiconductor layer; and a metal electrode. The metal electrode is provided between the insulative substrate and the first conductivity type semiconductor layer so that a peripheral face of the metal electrode is located inside a peripheral face of the first conductivity type semiconductor layer.

Abstract: The present invention provides a multi-beam klystron apparatus. In the above-described multi-beam klystron apparatus, the magnetic field generating element of the electron-gun-unit-side magnetic field generating unit is disposed around the electron gun unit, and a plurality of magnetic gaps are provided in the inner peripheral surface of the magnetic pole, which covers the magnetic field generating element, in the direction of travel of the electron beams. Therefore, lines of magnetic force, which are parallel to the center axis of the radio-frequency interaction unit, can be generated. Thus, even the electron beam, which is generated from the location apart from the center axis of the electron gun unit, can be guided to the radio-frequency interaction unit in the same manner as in the location at the canter axis of the electron gun unit.

Abstract: A multi-beam klystron apparatus is disclosed. A radio-frequency interaction unit pole piece is arranged between a main magnetic field generator and an output-side magnetic field generator. The magnetic circuit formed in the neighborhood of an output cavity of a radio-frequency interaction unit is separated from the magnetic circuit of the main magnetic field generator by the radio-frequency interaction unit pole piece. The output-side magnetic field generator increases the axial magnetic flux density in the neighborhood of the output cavity without curving the electron beams and thus prevents the spread of the electron beams in the neighborhood of the output cavity.

Abstract: A multi-beam klystron apparatus is disclosed. A radio-frequency interaction unit pole piece is arranged between a main magnetic field generator and an output-side magnetic field generator. The magnetic circuit formed in the neighborhood of an output cavity of a radio-frequency interaction unit is separated from the magnetic circuit of the main magnetic field generator by the radio-frequency interaction unit pole piece. The output-side magnetic field generator increases the axial magnetic flux density in the neighborhood of the output cavity without curving the electron beams and thus prevents the spread of the electron beams in the neighborhood of the output cavity.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an X-ray source for emitting a characteristic X-ray and a fluorescent X-ray analyzing apparatus using the X-ray source. A secondary target is arranged in superposition on a primary target. An electron beam generated by an electron gun enters the primary target, which passes and emits a continuous X-ray. The secondary target transmits and emits a characteristic X-ray excited by the continuous X-ray emitted from the primary target. The primary target and the secondary target are superposed one on the other, so that the continuous X-ray emitted from the primary target efficiently excites the secondary target thereby to efficiently generate the characteristic X-ray.

Abstract: An X-ray examination method comprises setting a tube voltage of an X-ray tube to a tube voltage that makes an X-ray absorptance difference between a first X-ray propagation medium and a second X-ray propagation medium in an object become not more than 10%, applying an X-ray beam from the X-ray tube to the object while a tube voltage of the X-ray tube is set to the tube voltage, and detecting a transmitted X-ray image including an X-ray refraction image formed in a region along a contour of a boundary surface between the first X-ray propagation medium and the second X-ray propagation medium by refraction of the X-ray beam by the boundary surface in superimposition on an X-ray absorption image reflecting the X-ray absorbing power difference between the first X-ray propagation medium and the second X-ray propagation medium.

Abstract: There is disclosed a rotating anode X-ray tube assembly includes a vacuum envelope integrated with an anode target, a housing receiving at least the vacuum envelope, and rotatably holding it, a circulation path circulating a cooling medium in a state of closing to at least anode target of the vacuum envelope, a cathode received and arranged in the vacuum envelope, a cathode support member supporting the cathode, a bearing mechanism and a vacuum sealing mechanism interposed between the vacuum envelope, and the housing or a stationary member direct or indirectly fixed to the housing, and a driver unit for rotating the vacuum envelope.

Abstract: A magnetic field intruding into an electron lens area from outside an X-ray image tube is detected by a magnetic field sensor. A magnetic field for offsetting the magnetic field is generated by a coil arranged in an input surface area of the X-ray image tube, so that the distortion is corrected by removing the effects of the magnetic field. The magnetic field sensor is arranged in an area surrounded by a magnetic shield of the X-ray image tube and constituting an outer peripheral area on the electron lens area side distant from the input surface area of the X-ray image tube. The magnetic field sensor is such that the effects of the magnetic field generated by the coil are reduced and the magnetic field intruding into the electron lens area is accurately detected.

Abstract: An X-ray apparatus includes a rotary anode X-ray tube, a stator coil, and a drive-power-supply device. The rotary anode X-ray tube has an anode target arranged in a vacuum envelope, a rotary body coupled to the anode target and configured to rotate together with the anode target, and a fixed shaft supporting the rotary body, allowing the same to rotate. The stator coil generates a rotating magnetic field for rotating the rotary body of the rotary anode X-ray tube. The drive-power-supply device controls drive power to be supplied to the stator coil. The apparatus further includes a memory unit that stores a plurality of drive conditions for controlling the drive power to be supplied to the stator coil, and a control unit that selects one drive condition from the plurality of drive conditions and causes the drive-power-supply device to output drive power that matches said one drive condition.

Abstract: A first protective layer is formed on the surface of a photoelectric conversion substrate on which photoelectric transducers have been provided, and then, a scintillator layer is formed thereon, whereby degradation of the photoelectric transducers due to the contact with the scintillator layer is prevented. A second protective layer covering the surface of the scintillator is formed. A peripheral part of the first protective layer is allowed to be in close contact with a peripheral part of the second protective layer to seal the scintillator layer between the first protective layer and the second protective layer, whereby degradation of the scintillator layer due to the moisture in the atmospheric air is prevented.

Abstract: In a shielding case, a condenser lens condenses a laser beam output by a laser oscillator to inject the laser beam into an entrance end face of an optical fiber disposed posterior to a focusing point of the laser beam. Ventilation of an ambient gas in the shielding case is carried out by ventilating means, and the ambient gas bringing about ionization in the vicinity of the focusing point of the laser beam is eliminated, thereby preventing the outbreak of air breakdown.

Abstract: Pulse laser light transmitted through a laser light transmission optical fiber to an optical system unit passes through a distribution reflecting mirror and is condensed by a condenser lens group. The condenser lens group irradiates the condensed laser light onto an analysis object. The fluorescence emitted as a result of the irradiation of the pulse laser light onto the analysis object is condensed by the condenser lens group and is reflected by the distribution reflecting mirror. The optical system unit transmits the fluorescence reflected by the distribution reflecting mirror through an fluorescence transmission optical fiber to a fluorescence measuring instrument. The fluorescence measuring instrument determines the quantity of elements included in the analysis object on the basis of the fluorescence.

Abstract: A cooler that circulates cooling fluid to cool an X-ray tube, and that comprises a circulation unit that has a first end unit and a second end unit, and an expansion mechanism that has a vessel and a bellows that divides the inside of the vessel into a first chamber and a second chamber, wherein the first end unit and the second end unit are detachably coupled to the X-ray tube and are closed when being uncoupled from the X-ray tube, and the expansion mechanism can be switched between a first state and a second state.

Abstract: A rotary anode X-ray tube device includes an X-ray tube equipped with an X-ray output window from which an X-ray is to be outputted, a housing which accommodates the X-ray tube and is filled with a cooling liquid for cooling the X-ray tube, a circulation pump which circulates the cooling liquid filled in the housing, and a subsidiary ejection pipe which guides the cooling liquid circulated by means of the circulation pump to form a flow of the cooling liquid along the X-ray output window, at a position that corresponds to the X-ray output window.