Abstract: A pack of paper money is inserted into a binding apparatus and positioned within multiple loops of a tape in involuted state, whereupon clampers grasp the pack from opposites thereof, an extension on one clamper pressing and holding the inner leading end of the tape against the pack, and a roller device draws a trailing part of the tape to tighten the tape loops around the pack. A cutter cuts the tape at the trailing part to form an outer trailing extremity of the tape, which is stuck with adhesive to the tightened tape thereby to complete the binding of the pack. The moving parts of the apparatus are controlled and actuated automatically when the pack is inserted into binding position in the apparatus.

Abstract: A doffing apparatus for a spinning frame having bobbin spindles arranged at equal pitch, comprising a movable frame carrying bobbin-chucking means and bobbin-deflecting means, and bobbin-conveying means, said apparatus being operative so that full bobbins from the spinning frame are transferred onto the bobbin-conveying means by said bobbin-chucking means in exchange with the empty bobbins brought by this bobbin-conveying means, without causing any interference, due to the action of the bobbin-deflecting means, between the full bobbins passing from the spinning frame onto the bobbin-conveying means and the empty bobbins being supplied from the conveying means to the spinning frame, thus minimizing the number of steps of doffing operation and the number of parts of the doffing apparatus as a whole.