Abstract: The invention relates to a cyclical method for producing a nitrogen fraction, the purity of which is greater than or equal to 95 mol %, and a hydrocarbon-enriched fraction from a filler containing nitrogen and a hydrocarbon, said method using a specific class of porous hybrid solids as an adsorbent in a pressure-swing adsorption (PSA) process. The invention also relates to equipment for implementing said method.

Abstract: A monovinylaromatic polymer composition can include a bio-sourced polymer dispersed phase and optionally a rubber dispersed phase. The bio-sourced polymer dispersed phase can be predominantly made of particles having a size of less than 10 ?m. The monovinylaromatic polymer composition can be made by admixing a monovinylaromatic monomer, bio-sourced polymer, and optionally rubber at conditions effective to polymerize at least a part of the monovinylaromatic monomer and generate a compatibilizer. The monovinylaromatic polymer composition can be made by admixing a monovinylaromatic monomer, functionalized bio-sourced polymer(s) or mixtures of bio-sourced polymer(s) and functionalized bio-sourced polymer(s), and optionally rubber at conditions effective to polymerize at least a part of the monovinylaromatic monomer.

Abstract: The present invention is a process for purifying a liquid stream having an aqueous phase with polyaromatics, and optionally an organic phase. The process can include sending the liquid stream to a mixing tank and introducing an aromatic component to produce a mixture of an organic phase and of an aqueous phase. The mixture can be sent to a decanter to recover a clean aqueous phase and an organic phase. The clean aqueous phase can go through a stripper to remove a substantial part of any remaining organic component. The liquid stream can be the whole or a fraction of an aqueous phase recovered by condensation of an effluent gas leaving an ethylbenzene dehydrogenation reactor.

Abstract: The invention relates to a cyclical method for producing a nitrogen fraction, the purity of which is greater than or equal to 95 mol %, and a hydrocarbon-enriched fraction from a filler containing nitrogen and a hydrocarbon, said method using a specific class of porous hybrid solids as an adsorbent in a pressure-swing adsorption (PSA) process. The invention also relates to equipment for implementing said method.

Abstract: A process for the alkylation of an aromatic substrate can include providing an alkylation reaction zone containing an alkylation catalyst, and introducing a feedstock including an aromatic substrate and an alkylating agent into an inlet of the alkylation reaction zone and into contact with the alkylation catalyst. The alkylation reaction zone can be operated at temperature and pressure conditions to cause alkylation of the aromatic substrate in the presence of the alkylation catalyst to produce an alkylation product including a mixture of the aromatic substrate and monoalkylated and polyalkylated aromatic components. The alkylation product can be withdrawn from the alkylation reaction zone. Nitrogen containing compounds in the aromatic substrate, alkylating agent, or both can be monitored in a range 15 wppb to 35 wppm by dry colorimetry. The process can include transalkylation of polyalkylated aromatic components in a transalkylation reaction zone containing a transalkylation catalyst.

Abstract: A process for the alkylation of an aromatic substrate can include providing an alkylation reaction zone containing an alkylation catalyst, and introducing a feedstock including an aromatic substrate and an alkylating agent into an inlet of the alkylation reaction zone and into contact with the alkylation catalyst. The alkylation reaction zone can be operated at temperature and pressure conditions to cause alkylation of the aromatic substrate in the presence of the alkylation catalyst to produce an alkylation product including a mixture of the aromatic substrate and monoalkylated and polyalkylated aromatic components. The alkylation product can be withdrawn from the alkylation reaction zone. Nitrogen containing compounds in the aromatic substrate, alkylating agent, or both can be monitored in a range 15 wppb to 35 wppm by dry colorimetry. The process can include transalkylation of polyalkylated aromatic components in a transalkylation reaction zone containing a transalkylation catalyst.

Abstract: A process for the alkylation of an aromatic substrate can include providing an alkylation reaction zone containing an alkylation catalyst, and introducing a feedstock including an aromatic substrate and an alkylating agent into an inlet of the alkylation reaction zone and into contact with the alkylation catalyst. The alkylation reaction zone can be operated at temperature and pressure conditions to cause alkylation of the aromatic substrate in the presence of the alkylation catalyst to produce an alkylation product including a mixture of the aromatic substrate and monoalkylated and polyalkylated aromatic components. The alkylation product can be withdrawn from the alkylation reaction zone. Nitrogen containing compounds in the aromatic substrate, alkylating agent, or both can be monitored in a range 15 wppb to 35 wppm by dry colorimetry. The process can include transalkylation of polyalkylated aromatic components in a transalkylation reaction zone containing a transalkylation catalyst.

Abstract: A process for transalkylation of polyalkylated aromatic components can include providing a transalkylation reaction zone containing a transalkylation catalyst. A feedstock can be introduced into an inlet of the transalkylation reaction zone and into contact with the transalkylation catalyst. The feedstock can include a polyalkylated aromatic component derived from an aromatic substrate. The aromatic substrate can be supplied to the transalkylation reaction zone. The transalkylation reaction zone can be operated at temperature and pressure conditions sufficient to cause disproportionation of the polyalkylated aromatic component to produce a disproportionation product having a reduced polyalkylated aromatic content and an enhanced monoalkylated aromatic content. The disproportionation product can be withdrawn from the transalkylation reaction zone. Amounts of nitrogen containing compounds in the aromatic substrate can be monitored in a range of from 15 to 35 wppm by dry colorimetry.

Abstract: A process for transalkylation of polyalkylated aromatic components can include providing a transalkylation reaction zone containing a transalkylation catalyst. A feedstock can be introduced into an inlet of the transalkylation reaction zone and into contact with the transalkylation catalyst. The feedstock can include a polyalkylated aromatic component derived from an aromatic substrate. The aromatic substrate can be supplied to the transalkylation reaction zone. The transalkylation reaction zone can be operated at temperature and pressure conditions sufficient to cause disproportionation of the polyalkylated aromatic component to produce a disproportionation product having a reduced polyalkylated aromatic content and an enhanced monoalkylated aromatic content. The disproportionation product can be withdrawn from the transalkylation reaction zone. Amounts of nitrogen containing compounds in the aromatic substrate can be monitored in a range of from 15 to 35 wppm by dry colorimetry.

Abstract: The present invention is a process for the production of styrene monomer from ethylbenzene comprising the steps of: a) catalytically dehydrogenating said ethylbenzene in the presence of steam thereby catalytically producing a dehydrogenation effluent gas containing essentially unreacted ethylbenzene, styrene monomer, hydrogen, steam and divinylbenzene; b) quenching said effluent gas with an aqueous reflux in at least a quenching column to cool said effluent gas, and thereby obtaining a gas at the overhead and in the bottom a liquid stream warmer than the aqueous reflux; c) condensing said overhead gas thereby producing a liquid organic phase, an aqueous phase and a gaseous phase; d) using a portion or the whole of said aqueous phase of step c) as reflux for said step b) of quenching; e) sending to a decanter the liquid stream obtained at step b) to recover an aqueous phase and an organic phase.

Abstract: The present invention concerns a monovinylaromatic polymer composition comprising a bio-sourced polymer dispersed phase and optionally a rubber dispersed phase wherein said bio-sourced polymer dispersed phase is predominantly made of particles having a size of less than 10 ?m. The present invention also relates to a process (hereunder referred as the first process) to make said monovinylaromatic polymer composition, said process comprising admixing: a monovinylaromatic monomer, at least one bio-sourced polymer, optionally a rubber, at conditions effective to polymerize at least a part of the monovinylaromatic monomer and generate a compatibilizer of the bio-sourced polymer and monovinylaromatic polymer.

Abstract: A monovinylaromatic polymer composition can include a bio-sourced polymer dispersed phase and optionally a rubber dispersed phase. The bio-sourced polymer dispersed phase can be predominantly made of particles having a size of less than 10 ?m. The monovinylaromatic polymer composition can be made by admixing a monovinylaromatic monomer, bio-sourced polymer, and optionally rubber at conditions effective to polymerize at least a part of the monovinylaromatic monomer and generate a compatibilizer. The monovinylaromatic polymer composition can be made by admixing a monovinylaromatic monomer, functionalized bio-sourced polymer(s) or mixtures of bio-sourced polymer(s) and functionalized bio-sourced polymer(s), and optionally rubber at conditions effective to polymerize at least a part of the monovinylaromatic monomer.

Abstract: Borohydride metallocene complex of lanthanide, preparation process, catalytic system incorporating borohydride metallocene complex, process for copolymerization of olefins employing catalytic system. The complex corresponds to one or other of formulae A and B: where, in A, two ligands Cp1, Cp2, each composed of a cyclopentadienyl group, are connected to the lanthanide Ln, such as Nd, and where, in B, a ligand molecule, composed of two cyclopentadienyl groups Cp1, Cp2 connected to one another via a bridge P of formula MR1R2, M is an element from group IVa, and R1 and R2, which are identical or different, represent an alkyl group comprising from 1 to 20 carbon atoms, is connected to the lanthanide Ln, L is alkali metal, N is molecule of a complexing solvent, x is integral or non-integral number?0, p is integer?than 1 and y is integer?0.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for preparing a high impact monovinylaromatic polymer comprising admixing a rubber, at least one monovinylaromatic monomer and optionally one or more comonomer in the presence of at least a borane complex of the L-BH3 type wherein L is a Lewis base and polymerizing the monovinylaromatic monomer. The borane complex initiator, L may be an ether (e.g THF, tetrahydrofurane), a thioether (e.g dimethylthioether) or an amine. A preferred complex is an amine borane such as by way of example triethylamine borane. The present invention also relates to a high impact monovinylaromatic polymer having a weight ratio of grafted monovinylaromatic monomer and optional comonomer to the initial monovinylaromatic monomer and optional comonomer above 0.1%, advantageously above 2% and preferably in the range 2 to 4%. The invention is of particular interest to make high impact polystyrene.

Abstract: The present invention is a process for the production of styrene monomer from ethylbenzene comprising the steps of: a) catalytically dehydrogenating said ethylbenzene in the presence of steam thereby catalytically producing a dehydrogenation effluent gas containing essentially unreacted ethylbenzene, styrene monomer, hydrogen, steam and divinylbenzene; b) quenching said effluent gas with an aqueous reflux in at least a quenching column to cool said effluent gas, and thereby obtaining a gas at the overhead and in the bottom a liquid stream warmer than the aqueous reflux; c) condensing said overhead gas thereby producing a liquid organic phase, an aqueous phase and a gaseous phase; d) using a portion or the whole of said aqueous phase of step c) as reflux for said step b) of quenching; e) sending to a decanter the liquid stream obtained at step b) to recover an aqueous phase and an organic phase.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for preparing a high impact monovinylaromatic polymer comprising admixing a rubber, at least one monovinylaromatic monomer and optionally one or more comonomer in the presence of at least a borane complex of the L-BH3 type wherein L is a Lewis base and polymerizing the monovinylaromatic monomer. The borane complex initiator, L may be an ether (e.g THF, tetrahydrofurane), a thioether (e.g dimethylthioether) or an amine. A preferred complex is an amine borane such as by way of example triethylamine borane. The present invention also relates to a high impact monovinylaromatic polymer having a weight ratio of grafted monovinylaromatic monomer and optional comonomer to the initial monovinylaromatic monomer and optional comonomer above 0.1%, advantageously above 2% and preferably in the range 2 to 4%. The invention is of particular interest to make high impact polystyrene.

Abstract: Borohydride metallocene complex of lanthanide, preparation process, catalytic system incorporating it, copolymerization of olefins employing catalytic system and ethylene/butadiene copolymer, the butadiene units comprise 1,2-cyclohexane or 1,2- and 1,4-cyclohexane links. The complex corresponds to of formulae A and/or B: where, in A two ligands Cp1 and Cp2, each of a fluorenyl group, are connected to the lanthanide Ln, where, in B, a ligand molecule, composed of two fluorenyl groups Cp1 and Cp2 are connected via bridge P of formula MR1R2, is an element from group IVa, R1 and R2, which are identical or different, represent an alkyl group comprising from 1 to 20 carbon atoms, connected to lanthanide Ln, L is alkali metal, N is molecule of a complexing solvent, x is integral or non-integral number ?0 and p is integer ?1.

Abstract: Borohydride metallocene complex of lanthanide, preparation process, catalytic system incorporating borohydride metallocene complex, process for copolymerization of olefins employing catalytic system. The complex corresponds to one or other of formulae A and B: where, in A, two ligands Cp1, Cp2, each composed of a cyclopentadienyl group, are connected to the lanthanide Ln, such as Nd, and where, in B, a ligand molecule, composed of two cyclopentadienyl groups Cp1, Cp2 connected to one another via a bridge P of formula MR1R2, M is an element from group IVa, and R1 and R2, which are identical or different, represent an alkyl group comprising from 1 to 20 carbon atoms, is connected to the lanthanide Ln, L is alkali metal, N is molecule of a complexing solvent, x is integral or non-integral number?0, p is integer?than 1 and y is integer?0.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of operating a high pressure ethylene polymerization unit comprising a tubular reactor, the method characterized in that the electrical conductivity of the aqueous cooling medium is monitored in at least one location. Furthermore, the invention also covers a high pressure ethylene polymerization unit comprising a tubular reactor, the unit characterized in that one or more cooling circuits comprise an electrical conductivity meter. The use of such a polymerization unit is also disclosed.

Abstract: A borohydride metallocene complex of a lanthanide, its process of preparation, a catalytic system incorporating a borohydride metallocene complex and a process for the copolymerization of olefins employing this catalytic system.