Abstract: A power steering system for motor vehicles, which is provided with first and second engine idling-up means for raising the rotational speed of an engine by increasing the quantity of air-fuel mixture to be supplied to the engine. The first idling-up means is arranged to be actuated in response to an increase of discharge pressure of an oil pump. The idling-up mechanism further includes a position detecting means which is arranged to produce an output signal for actuating the second idling-up means upon detection of approach to the stroke end of the piston in the power cylinder.

Abstract: A numerically controlled machine tool system having a tool transfer device which, with a change in the kind of workpieces to be machined in a numerically controlled machine tool, operates to replace successively unnecessary dedicated tools in a tool magazine of the machine tool with next to be used dedicated tools supplied to the vicinity of the tool magazine. A central processor reads out from an external memory device one of the numerical control (NC) programs corresponding to the kind of a lot of workpieces to be machined and transmits the NC program to a numerical controller. In advance of the machining of a last one of the lot of workpieces, the central processor modifies the NC program by inserting respectively into correct portions of the NC program a number of replacing command data each instructing that one of the dedicated tools in the tool magazine designated by one of the replacing command data be replaced.

Abstract: A machine tool having an automatic tool changer for transferring tools between a tool magazine and a horizontal tool spindle rotatably mounted in a spindle head and which includes a vertical head which rotatably carries a vertical tool spindle and a horizontal drive shaft connected thereto is removably mounted on a vertical head support. In advance of a machining operation on a top surface of a workpiece, relative movement between the vertical head support and the spindle head is effected in a vertical direction and first and second horizontal directions, so that the vertical head is mounted on the spindle head, with the drive shaft being drivingly connected with the horizontal tool spindle. A tool support station mounted on the vertical head support is provided with two tool grippers each for vertically holding a tool.

Abstract: A dressing device for a grinding wheel comprises a wheel head for supporting the grinding wheel in a manner adapted for grinding the outer surface of a workpiece; a dressing tool provided to cut into the grinding wheel for dressing the same; a feed motor to feed the dressing tool so as to cut into the grinding wheel; a device for detecting the diameter of the grinding wheel; and a control device which controls the feed motor in response to the output of the detecting device so that the depth of the cut caused by the dressing tool is controlled in accordance with the diameter of the grinding wheel.

Abstract: A method of grinding a workpiece for shaping it into a cam by imparting a rotary motion and a rocking motion, which conforms to the profile of a master cam, to the workpiece. In the first rough grinding step, a grinding wheel is rapidly entered into the workpiece while the workpiece is rotated at a low velocity. In the second rough grinding step, the grinding wheel is rapidly entered into the workpiece while the workpiece is rotated at a velocity greater than the low velocity. In the third rough grinding step, the wheel is rapidly entered into the workpiece while the workpiece is rotated at a high velocity. Each of the three steps includes a step for removing the portion left uncut in such a state that the infeed of the wheel is ceased. The depths of cut in the three steps DS.sub.1, DS.sub.2 and DS.sub.3, respectively, are so set that the following relation holds:DS.sub.1 >DS.sub.2 >DS.sub.

Abstract: A numerical controller for a machining center comprising a microprocessor, which selectively executes an automatic programming function and a numerical control function. The microprocessor selectively displays on a CRT display unit various information which instructs an operator to input machining information regarding the blank and finished shapes of a workpiece and the mounting position of the workpiece on a work table. The operator inputs the machining information with a key board-type data input device in response to the information displayed on the CRT screen, and the machining information is stored in a data storage device. Based upon the stored machining information, the microprocessor then displays on the CRT screen the blank shape and the finished shape of the workpiece so that the operator can observe if the machining information has been correctly input.

Abstract: A machine tool having a gate-type construction and provided with a tool magazine (11). The tool magazine (11) is mounted between a pair of support portions (3a) of a gate-shaped column (3) and above a work support table (2). The tool magazine (11) is composed of a plurality of tool holders (16) each holding a tool (17), and a driving device (18) for moving the tool holders (16) back and forth. This arrangement permits an efficient use of the working space on the work support table (2), and makes it possible to reduce the sizes of the support table (2) and a bed (1).

Abstract: A numerical controller for a machining center comprising a microprocessor connected to a data input device, a CRT display device and a data storage device. The microprocessor prepares an NC program for a workpiece to be machined, based upon machining information manually input by the use of the data input device and stored in the data storage device. The debugging of the prepared NC program is then executed, wherein the microprocessor obtains by calculation a workpiece interference space defined outwardly from the outer periphery of the workpiece, based upon workpiece blank shape and dimension data and workpiece mounting position data stored in the data storage device. The microprocessor further calculates, based upon the NC program, a tool path along which a tool spindle of the machining center would be moved relative to a work table in accordance with the NC program.

Abstract: A method of grinding a curved corner portion of a workpiece by a grinding wheel having a curved edge surface whose radius is smaller than that of said curved corner portion. The grinding wheel is movable along a path extending at an acute angle to the axis of rotation of the workpiece. First, the grinding wheel is relatively moved to a first grinding start position. Then, the grinding wheel is moved inwardly to an advanced position along the path so as to perform a plunge grinding operation, and is subsequently retracted to the grinding start position. After that, the grinding wheel and the workpiece are relatively moved so as to move the grinding start position to the next grinding start position along a curved arc which is in parallel with the curved corner portion of the workpiece. The above plunge grinding operation is repeatedly performed from each grinding start position thereby grinding the curved corner position.

Abstract: A programmable sequence controller using a technique called microprogramming, including a microprogram memory having a plurality of memory sections each storing a set of microinstructions corresponding to the command word of a sequence instruction. The operation code of the sequence instruction is applied to the upper bits of the microprogram memory so as to select one of the memory sections. The remaining bits are determined by a counter and the ON/OFF state of an I/O element so that one of the microinstructions is read out from the selected memory section.

Abstract: A tool changer for use in a transfer machine includes a pallet movable to a station in front of a machining unit, and a tool support mounted on the pallet for releasably supporting a tool. The machining unit is movable by an actuator toward the tool support to receive the tool from or release the tool onto the tool support. When the machining unit is advanced toward the tool support, the pallet is lowered by another actuator to release the tool support from supporting the tool, which has been held by the machining unit. Prior to transfer of the tool from the tool support to the machining unit, the tool is held down against the tool support by a clamp arm pivotably mounted on a clamp frame fixedly placed on the pallet. The clamp arm is angularly actuatable to release the tool in response to the movement of the machining unit toward the tool support.

Abstract: A bar-type slide guiding apparatus is provided with a pair of cylindrical pilot bars, which are fixedly mounted on a stationary base for slidably guiding a slide member therealong. The pilot bars respectively pass through cylindrical holes of the first and second hydrostatic bearings, which are respectively securely fitted in cylindrical bores formed in the slide member so as to thereby mount the same thereon. The first hydrostatic bearing is formed at its cylindrical hole with first and second pairs of fluid pockets, which hydrostatically support the slide member on the first pilot bar in both of orthogonal first and second directions perpendicular to the sliding direction of the slide member.

Abstract: A vane pump for use in a power steering device comprising a pump housing receiving a cam ring therein. A pair of side plates are disposed at opposite side of the cam ring in contact relationship therewith. A pump rotor rotatable integrally with a drive shaft is received in an internal cam bore of the cam ring. An end cover is secured to the pump housing in contact relationship with one of the side plates to cover an open end of the pump housing. A first positioning pin is fitted at one end thereof into an inner end wall of the pump housing for positioning the first and second side plates in a circumferential direction. A second positioning pin is fitted at one end thereof into one of the first and second side plates for positioning the cam ring in the circumferential direction.

Abstract: An apparatus for truing a grinding wheel includes a stylus movable in response to movement of a truer in synchronism therewith, and a template disposed in confronting relation to the stylus with a gap left therebetween. The truer is controlled in its motion by servomotors driven in response to a command issued from a numerical control unit. When the truer is caused by the numerical control unit to move out of control for some reasons, the stylus is brought into engagement with the template, thereby protecting the truer and a grinding wheel being trued thereby against damage which would otherwise result from such uncontrolled movement of the truer. When the truer is to be advanced for truing infeed against the grinding wheel, the stylus is disconnected by a clutch device from the truer, and only the truer is moved in the forward direction while maintaining a proper gap between the stylus and the template.

Abstract: A numerical controller for an angular slide grinding machine capable of controlling movement of a work table with a dressing tool in a machine coordinate system in a dressing operation and a workpiece coordinate system in a grinding operation. When the work table is initially moved to such a position as to bring the dressing tool into slight contact with an end surface of a grinding wheel carried by a wheel head, the numerical controller calculates and stores a dressing reference value indicating a positional relation between a fixed machine origination position and the dressing tool in the machine coordinate system. Prior to grinding operations for each workpiece, the work table is moved under the control of a sizing device to such a position as to present a reference surface of the workpiece to a predetermined positional relation with the original machine position.

Abstract: A pallet changer for a machine tool is provided wherein a pallet clamper for guiding a work pallet during transfer movements onto and away from a rotary table of the machine tool is supported at its center portion and vertically movable by a hydraulic cylinder. This cylinder moves the clamper up to unclamp the pallet from the rotary table prior to the transfer movements and moves the clamper down to clamp the pallet on the rotary table upon completion of the transfer movement onto the rotary table. Auxiliary hydraulic cylinders are further provided at either end portions in a pallet transfer direction of the clamper and between the rotary table and the clamper for auxiliarily supporting the clamper while the pallet is unclamped, so that the clamper can be prevented from being deformed due to the weight of a mass of the pallet and workpiece supported only by the clamper during such time.

Abstract: In a computerized numerical controller for a grinding machine, various grinding modes in which a plurality of portions on a cylindrical workpiece are respectively ground and plural sets of machining data each for use in machining a corresponding one of the workpiece portions are input by a manual data input device for storage in a memory device under the control of a data processor. For preparation of an NC program for the workpiece, the data processor first decides a grinding order in which the workpiece portions are successively ground, based upon the grinding modes and the machining data stored in the memory device. The grinding order is decided in accordance with a predetermined rule designed to decrease the number of dressing operations effected on a grinding wheel of the grinding machine. Then, the data processor automatically prepares a NC program based upon the decided grinding order and the machining data.

Abstract: A cam grinding machine for grinding a cam in accordance with the profile of a master cam (6). The machine is equipped with an apparatus for substantially compensating lift error of the cam due to grinding wheel wear, said apparatus being provided with a planetary gear mechanism (30) so as to change a large diameter roller (22) contacting the master cam (6) into a small diameter roller (23) when the grinding wheel diameter is reduced.

Abstract: A vane type pump with a variable capacity for power steering devices is provided with a movable ring received and radially movable in a closed cylindrical bore of a pump housing. A spring acts on the movable ring to deflect the axis of the movable ring from the axis of a rotor, which is rotated to move vanes along an internal bore of the movable ring. A sealing pin and a valve element are provided at diametrically opposite sides of the movable ring and define first and second pressure chambers around the movable ring. The first pressure chamber receives pressurized fluid from a part of the internal bore of the movable ring and conducts the pressurized fluid into the second pressure chamber through a throttle, which is defined by the valve element and a part of a circumferential external surface of the movable ring. The throttle generates a pressure difference between the first and second pressure chambers, and the pressure difference acts on the movable ring to move the same against the force of the spring.

Abstract: Wear on the dressing tool is derived from an amount of movement that a grinding wheel is advanced until issuance of a signal from a sizing device for correcting data on the radius of the grinding wheel. The data on the radius of the grinding wheel is thus indicative of an actual radius of the grinding wheel regardless of a variation in the grinding wheel radius due to the wear of a dressing tool. Accordingly, the grinding surface of the grinding wheel can be exactly positioned at a grinding start position after the grinding wheel has been returned to its original position upon power supply failure, emergency machine shutdown or the like, so that any unwanted interference between the grinding wheel and a workpiece can be avoided.