Abstract: A chaff device for exoatmospheric deployment as a countermeasure to radar detection of exoatmospheric objects utilizes a plurality of elongated foil members and a plurality of elongated fiber members, each for providing a dipole. The foil dipole members are disposed in an end-to-end overlapping relationship and wrapped in a coil configuration. The fiber dipole members in a group are disposed adjacent one of the foil dipole members so as to be sandwiched between adjacent layers of coil wrapped foil dipole members.

Abstract: Windfinding apparatus is described in which receiver processing of the Global Positioning System (GPS) signals is without knowledge of the spread spectrum codes. The apparatus receiver ignores the bi-phase code and recovers the carrier frequency of all satellites in view of the receiving antenna. Two of these receivers are used in a windfinding system. One of the receivers is located on the ground at a known latitude and longitude. The other receiver is placed on a weather balloon sonde and launched into the atmosphere. A telemetry transmitter aboard the sonde transmits a signal that contains the GPS carrier frequency information to the ground-based telemetry receiver. The telemetry receiver output and the local codeless GPS receiver feed a set of tracking filters. The filtered signals are evaluated to obtain a measurement of the difference between the local GPS receiver carrier frequency and the sonde GPS receiver carrier frequency caused by the velocity of the sonde relative to the ground-based receiver (i.