Abstract: Apparatus is described for facilitating delivery of a substance through skin (70) of a subject. A skin preparation device (50), and a patch assembly (20) that comprises the substance and is magnetically couplable to the skin preparation device, are described. Other embodiments are also described.

Abstract: A device for facilitating transdermal passage of a substance through skin on the body of a subject is provided. The device preferably includes afcn electrode and a control unit. In a preferred embodiment, the control unit is adapted to drive the electrode to apply to the skin a current capable of ablating stratum corneum epidermidis of the skin, so as to facilitate transdermal passage of the substance. The control unit detects generation of at least one spark responsive to application of the current, and modifies a parameter of the current responsive to detecting the generation of the at least one spark.

Abstract: A device for ablating the stratum corneum epidermidis of a subject, including a plurality of electrodes, which are applied to the subject's skin at respective points. A power source applies electrical energy between two or more of the plurality of electrodes, in order to cause ablation of the stratum corneum primarily in an area intermediate the respective points.

Abstract: A device is provided for treating skin on the body of a subject. The device includes a plurality of electrodes, which are adapted to be placed in contact with the skin and then moved across the skin while maintaining electrical contact with the skin. The device additionally includes a power source, which is adapted to apply a current between two or more of the plurality of electrodes at the same time as the electrodes are being moved across the skin.

Abstract: A device for facilitating transdermal passage of a substance through skin on the body of a subject is provided. The device preferably includes afcn electrode and a control unit. In a preferred embodiment, the control unit is adapted to drive the electrode to apply to the skin a current capable of ablating stratum corneum epidermidis of the skin, so as to facilitate transdermal passage of the substance. The control unit detects generation of at least one spark responsive to application of the current, and modifies a parameter of the current responsive to detecting the generation of the at least one spark.

Abstract: Devices for facilitating transdermal passage of materials are provided. In a preferred embodiment, a device for delivering a substance to skin of a subject is provided. A substance storage unit is adapted to store the substance. An analysis unit is adapted to receive a portion of a body fluid of the subject, to analyze the portion, and to generate a signal responsive to the analysis of the portion. One or more electrodes are adapted to be placed at respective sites on the skin. A substance delivery unit is adapted to receive the signal, and, responsive thereto, to drive at least some of the one or more electrodes to apply to respective ones of the sites on the skin a current capable of ablating stratum corneum epidermidis of the skin, so as to facilitate delivery of the substance from the storage unit through the skin at the respective ones of the sites.