Abstract: An insert for an article of footwear is made as a unitary moulding of a flexible plastics material. It comprises a plurality of internally screw-threaded sockets, for receiving externally screw-threaded spigots on ground-engaging studs, and a support interconnecting the sockets. The support may be of laminar form and may be perforate or imperforate. Each socket may be closed at its upper end. At least one of the bearing surfaces of the internal screw-thread in each socket may be shaped so that in a cross-section containing the axis of the screw-thread the bearing surface appears as a straight line at least substantially normal to the axis. The insert may be incorporated in a sole or heel that is moulded around it or may be secured between the layers of a laminated sole or heel.

Abstract: A stud for releasable attachment to an article of footwear, particularly for use in games and sports, comprises a support made of plastics material such as glass-filled nylon and a metal pin element. The support has an externally screw-threaded sleeve for engagement with a socket in an article of footwear and an outwardly directed flange for engagement with the lower end of the socket or with the sole of the article of footwear. The pin element comprises a stem and a ground-engaging head which may be blunt or spike-shaped. In assembly the stem is inserted into the sleeve and is then deformed as by riveting to secure the support and the pin element together.

Abstract: It is known for sports shoes, particularly golf shoes, to have carriers anchored in their soles for receiving replaceable studs provided with screw-threaded connecting portions. The invention provides a carrier of plastics material having an internally-threaded tubular body open at at least its lower end. The sole is moulded around the preformed carrier. The carrier has retaining formations to anchor it in the sole. The retaining formations comprise outwardly directed fins. That part of each fin adjacent to the body extends lengthwise, while the outer parts are less extensive and are interconnected by integral linking means, such as an annulus. The body portion extends beyond the linking means. In use the sole material envelopes the fins and the linking means.