Abstract: An outsole for an article of studded footwear in which said outsole includes receptacles for specifically-oriented studs. The outsole also includes traction elements formed integrally with the outsole. The studs and traction elements being so constructed and arranged to interact in use of the footwear. The traction elements are designed to complement the spike configuration of the stud.

Abstract: Some studded footwear, such as sports shoes, require studs to be specifically oriented relative to the shoe sole. The studs may be specifically oriented in the receptacles, and thus the receptacles need to be oriented relative to the sole of the shoe. Means are provided therefore for orienting a specifically-oriented receptacle for a shoe stud in a multi-layer shoe sole comprising co-operating orienting means on the receptacle and an outer shoe sole, the co-operating orienting means being operative to physically retain the receptacle in the correct orientation relative to the outer shoe sole at least until an inner shoe sole is secured to the outer shoe sole. Thus the co-operating orienting means serve to ensure that a specifically-oriented receptacle is physically held in the correct orientation relative to the shoe sole, at least until the shoe sole is completed by attachment of an inner shoe sole.

Abstract: An outsole for an article of studded footwear in which said outsole includes receptacles for specifically-oriented studs. The outsole also includes traction elements formed integrally with the outsole. The studs and traction elements being so constructed and arranged to interact in use of the footwear. The traction elements are designed to complement the spike configuration of the stud.

Abstract: An outsole for an article of studded footwear in which said outsole (1) includes receptacles (2) for specifically-oriented studs (5). The outsole (1) also includes traction elements (7) formed integrally with the outsole (1). The studs (5) and traction elements (7) being so constructed and arranged to interact in use of the footwear. The traction elements (7) are designed to complement the spike configuration of the stud (5).

Abstract: A shoe stud and receptacle combination for specifically oriented studs, the shoe stud (1) including a ground-engaging part (4). The stud (1) and receptacle (2) are adapted to be secured together by a multi-start threaded connection comprising a screw-threaded spigot (5) on one of the components adapted to be inserted with rotation into a screw-threaded socket on the other component. A locking means (7) of the components is arranged to become interengaged at least when the spigot (5) is fully inserted into the socket (22) to resist unscrewing of the components. The locking means (7) comprises at least one locking assembly (8), the arrangement is such that the relative number and/or position of the threads of the threaded connection and the locking assemblies (8) determine the initial and final positions of the stud (1) relative to the receptacle (2).

Abstract: A shoe stud for a sports shoe has a ground-engaging part and a multi-start threaded spigot for engagement in a complementary socket on a receptacle secured in the shoe sole or heel. The stud and receptacle also have a locking device which inter-engages when the spigot is fully inserted into the socket, to resist unscrewing. In order to ensure that the stud takes up a precise position relative to the receptacle, which may be needed if the stud is not rotationally symmetrical, the stud and receptacle have means to determine the initial position of the stud relative to the receptacle, and means to determine the final position of the stud relative to the receptacle. Determination of the initial position may be provided by a thread and complementary groove of the screw-thread connection which are of different dimensions from the others.

Abstract: A shoe stud for a sports shoe has a ground-engaging part and a multi-start threaded spigot for engagement in a complementary socket on a receptacle secured in the shoe sole or heel. The stud and receptacle also have a locking device which inter-engages when the spigot is fully inserted into the socket, to resist unscrewing. In order to ensure that the stud takes up a precise position relative to the receptacle, which may be needed if the stud is not rotationally symmetrical, the stud and receptacle have means to determine the initial position of the stud relative to the receptacle, and means to determine the final position of the stud relative to the receptacle. Determination of the initial position may be provided by a thread and complementary groove of the screw-thread connection which are of different dimensions from the others.

Abstract: In a combination of shoe cleat and holder, a screw-threaded spigot (12) on the cleat is inserted with rotation into a complementary socket (18) of the holder, and has a ring of free-standing posts (34, 42) extending axially from the cleat and a ring of radially-projective teeth (26) on the holder, the rings being co-axial with the screw axis so that during at least later stages of insertion of the spigot (12) into the socket (18), on relative rotation of the rings, engagement of the teeth (26) with the posts (34, 42) causes the posts (34, 42) to deflect resiliently and engagement of the teeth (26) between the posts (34, 42) causes interengagement of the locking means.

Abstract: A method of compression moulding an article from rubber moulding material incorporating hollow inserts avoids damage to the inserts. Where compression moulding takes place in an enclosed mould at an elevated pressure, the pressure can distort and damage the hollow inserts especially if they are of plastics. In order to avoid such distortion and damage, the method compresses during moulding creating a pressure in a cavity of the insert which substantially balances the pressure exerted on the exterior of the insert by the rubber moulding material in the mould. The pressure in the cavity is preferably produced by introducing some rubber moulding material into the cavity of the insert. This material becomes pressurised during moulding and supports the interior of the insert.

Abstract: In a combination of shoe cleat and holder, a screw-threaded spigot (12) on the cleat is inserted with rotation into a complementary socket (18) of the holder, and has a ring of free-standing posts (34, 42) extending axially from the cleat and a ring of radially-projective teeth (26) on the holder. the rings being co-axial with the screw axis so that during at least later stages of insertion of the spigot (12) into the socket (18), on relative rotation of the rings, engagement of the teeth (26) with the posts (34, 42) causes the posts (34, 42) to deflect resiliently and engagement of the teeth (26) between the posts (34, 42) causes interengagement.

Abstract: A method of compression moulding an article from rubber moulding material incorporating hollow inserts avoids damage to the inserts. Where compression moulding takes place in an enclosed mould at an elevated pressure, the pressure can distort and damage the hollow inserts especially if they are of plastics. In order to avoid such distortion and damage, the method compresses during moulding creating a pressure in a cavity of the insert which substantially balances the pressure exerted on the exterior of the insert by the rubber moulding material in the mould. The pressure in the cavity is preferably produced by introducing some rubber moulding material into the cavity of the insert. This material becomes pressurised during moulding and supports the interior of the insert.

Abstract: A moulded plastics golf shoe cleat comprises a disc 14 from an upper surface of which a screw-threaded spigot (not shown) projects for attachment of the cleat to a shoe sole. A ring of barb-forming elements 16 stands on an undersurface 18 of the disc, each element comprising a convergent free-end portion forming a ground-engaging barb which terminates at an edge 24 extending tangentially of the ring. Each barb projects in a direction which makes an acute angle with the undersurface 18 of the disc 14, the barbs being resiliently deflectable to increase the angle whereby resistance to sliding of the cleat in use over penetrable ground may become increased by increased penetration of the barb into the ground. The barbs are aligned along chords to the ring, being uniformly turned out of radial alignment so as to discourage unscrewing of the cleat in use.

Abstract: In a combination of shoe cleat and holder, a screw-threaded spigot (12) on the cleat is inserted with rotation into a complementary socket (18) of the holder, and has a ring of free-standing posts (34, 42) extending axially from the cleat and a ring of radially-projective teeth (26) on the holder, the rings being co-axial with the screw axis so that during at least later stages of insertion of the spigot (12) into the socket (18), on relative rotation of the rings, engagement of the teeth (26) with the posts (34, 42) causes the posts (34, 42) to deflect resiliently and engagement of the teeth (26) between the posts (34, 42) causes interengagement of the locking means.

Abstract: A golf shoe stud comprises a molded plastics body enabling the stud to be mounted in the underside of the shoe, a steel stem which extends through the body and forms a frustoconical stump projecting below the body, a thin steel lamina which overlies the underside and edges of the plastics body, and a nose of tungsten carbide which is mounted on the stump. The nose is bonded to the stump by brazing, and an upper end portion of the steel stem is out-turned for securement of the body and the lamina between the out-turned portion and the nose. The stud may be of a replaceable kind in which the plastics body forms a threaded spigot and a sole-engaging flange, or it may be of a permanent kind in which the molded body is arranged to be incorporated in manufacture into a molded shoe sole.

Abstract: An article of footwear, such as a soccer boot (1) or training shoe has a sole (5) incorporating a stiffener (8;22,23) . The stiffener comprises a first portion (10;22) which stiffens the waist or shank of the sole and so resists transverse flexure, and a second portion (11;23) which both stiffens the fore-part of the sole and provides resilience to cause or assist in returning the fore-part of the sole to its original shape after it has been subjected, in use, to transverse flexure as the result of flexure of the wearer's foot at the ball of the foot. The stiffness of the second portion is less than the stiffness of the first portion. The stiffening (8) may be formed as a unitary body, with the forward end of the first portion integral with or united with the rear end of the second portion.

Abstract: In a stud and socket combination for studded footwear, a moulded plastics socket (1) provides a threaded axial hole (5) bounded by an inner ring (9). A co-axial outer ring (10) is radially separated from the inner ring to leave an annular space (11). A plastics stud moulding (19) comprises an externally threaded sleeve (21) which can be screwed into the socket hole and a co-axial ring (26) which is spaced radially outwards from the sleeve to slide over the inner socket ring (9) and enter the annular space (11) when the stud and socket are assembled. Four part-cylindrical webs (29) project axially from the ring (26) into the space (11) and provide four axially-extending locking ribs (28) at 90.degree. intervals which project radially outwards from the ring. On the inner surface of the outer ring (10) of the socket are formed four corresponding formations providing recesses (15) to receive the ribs (28). Each recess is bordered on one side by a lead-in ramp (16) and on the other side by a stop block (17).