Abstract: The present invention pertains to methods for cloning animals. In particular, the invention includes methods of cloning an animal by combining a genome from an activated donor cell with an activated enucleated oocyte to thereby obtain a nuclear transfer embryo, and impregnating an animal with the nuclear transfer embryo in conditions suitable for gestation of a cloned animal. The invention further relates to methods of chemically enucleating an oocyte having a meiotic spindle apparatus by exposing the oocyte with a compound that destabilizes the meiotic spindle apparatus.

Abstract: NMDA receptor antagonists can be used in methods of treatment, for reducing the frequency of stereotypic behaviors in animals and for reducing the frequency of analogous compulsive behaviors in humans, for example, those that have been said to be a manifestation of, or related to, obsessive-compulsive disorder. Of particular interest are the (+) enantiomers of opioid receptor binding compounds, which can reduce the frequency of the behaviors, while having no effects from binding at the opioid receptor.