Abstract: The present invention provides a testing and characterization method for an initial fatigue damage and development process of vulcanized rubber, and falls within the technical field of rubber. The testing and characterization method comprises the following steps: preparing vulcanized rubber; preparing test samples; preparing fatigue testing specimens; and characterizing an initial fatigue damage and development process. The testing and characterization method provided by the present invention is simple, and closely associates a simple and easy-to-implement macro mechanical property test with changes of an internal microstructure, which are difficult to observe and analyze; and the method is high in efficiency and easy for operation and data collection, and data measured has good reference.