Abstract: The invention relates to the technology for the production of celluloses having improved properties and increased reactivity, and can be used in their chemical processing, including finished batches for the production of nitrocellulose and other products. A method for improving the quality and reactivity of cellulose comprises the following steps: impregnating and hydrolyzing the cellulose in a hydrolysis solution, filtering it from the hydrolysis solution, washing it with squeezing and drying. Moreover, the stages of impregnation and hydrolysis of cellulose in hydrolysis solution, filtration from hydrolysis solution, washing, squeezing and drying are carried out with simultaneous thermovacuum-impulse action by cycles, each of which includes the heating of cellulose to a temperature of not more than 115° C., high-speed impulse action of vacuum for time of less than 10 seconds, followed by exposure of the cellulose under vacuum and vacuum relief.

Abstract: The invention relates to the technology of recovery of rare-earth elements form both solid fossil and technology-related materials obtained by means of their target-oriented processing. Rare-earth elements recovery method include the acid leaching of ground to less than 100 ?m solid fossil and technology-related materials with the mixture of sulphuric and nitric acid at ratio from 6:1 to 1:1 mass parts, at the concentration in mixture of acids less than 15 wt. % at liquid/solid phases ratio of L:S from 2:1 to 6:1 mass parts. During the leaching operation progress the vacuum-impulse action is conducted during all operation of transferring of rare-earth elements compounds into a solution and obtaining of a precipitate of remained solid fossil and technology-related materials. The obtained precipitate of solid fossil and technology-related materials is separated from leaching solution. Separation of rare-earth elements from leaching solution is conducted using ion-exchange filter or membrane filter.

Abstract: Invention refers to the pneumatic transport field, namely to vacuum-pneumatic transportation of bulk materials of high mass concentrations through the long-distance pipelines. The invention can be used in various fields of technology, particularly when it is necessary to carry out the technological processes and transportation processes simultaneously. The device comprises at the inlet the suction pipeline with bulk material input part having vertical and horizontal sections connected to bulk material discharger. Bulk material discharger is provided with the sluice gate and vacuum gauge and connected to vacuum pump. This connection is realized through two or more vacuum receivers, interconnected in parallel by air ducts with high-speed valves so that on the one side of the receivers the air ducts are connected to suction pipe of vacuum pump, and on the other side of the receivers the air ducts are connected to the discharger.

Abstract: Invention refers to the pneumatic transport field, namely to vacuum-pneumatic transportation of bulk materials of high mass concentrations through the long-distance pipelines. The invention can be used in various fields of technology, particularly when it is necessary to carry out the technological processes and transportation processes simultaneously. The device comprises at the inlet the suction pipeline with bulk material input part having vertical and horizontal sections connected to bulk material discharger. Bulk material discharger is provided with the sluice gate and vacuum gauge and connected to vacuum pump. This connection is realized through two or more vacuum receivers, interconnected in parallel by air ducts with high-speed valves so that on the one side of the receivers the air ducts are connected to suction pipe of vacuum pump, and on the other side of the receivers the air ducts are connected to the discharger.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process and apparatus of extraction with the use of vacuum and can be used to extract the bioactive agents from raw materials. The method of extraction of materials, includes the heating the extractant, the preliminary extraction of raw materials with the heated rollers by means of extractant, the impregnation of raw material with extractant and extraction of raw materials in vacuum-impulsive mode by cycles, which include the heating with hot coolant gas not exceeding 39° C. and a creation of vacuum in the chamber in the regime of quick vacuum-impulsive exposure with stepwise multiple pressure drop from the atmospheric pressure to the pressure not more 0.0001 MPa, followed by keeping under vacuum to stabilize the temperature of the mixture and the vacuum relief at the end of the cycle. The distilled water, or organic solvents or mixtures thereof are used as the extractants.