Abstract: In an embodiment, a composition comprises a plurality of reactive particles; wherein at least a first portion of the reactive particles comprises a first reactive monomer located in a first matrix polymer; wherein the first reactive monomer comprises a self-reactive monomer or wherein the first reactive monomer can polymerize with a second reactive monomer located in a second matrix polymer of a second portion of the reactive particles to form a coating polymer. In another embodiment, a method of making the plurality of reactive particles, comprises polymerizing a first matrix monomer in the presence of the first reactive monomer; or polymerizing the first matrix monomer to form a plurality of particles and swelling the plurality of particles with the first reactive monomer. In another embodiment, a method comprises cold spraying the plurality of reactive particles.

Abstract: In an embodiment, a metal or metal-ion battery cell, includes anode and cathode electrodes, a separator electrically separating the anode and the cathode, and a solid electrolyte ionically coupling the anode and the cathode, wherein the solid electrolyte comprises a material having one or more rearrangeable chalcogen-metal-hydrogen groups that are configured to transport at least one metal-ion or metal-ion mixture through the solid electrolyte, wherein the solid electrolyte exhibits a melting point below about 350° C. In an example, the solid electrolyte may be produced by mixing different dry metal-ion compositions together, arranging the mixture inside of a mold, and heating the mixture while arranged inside of the mold at least to a melting point (e.g., below about 350° C.) of the mixture so as to produce a material comprising one or more rearrangeable chalcogen-metal-hydrogen groups.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for receiving signals from an unknown transmitting source and providing the location of the unknown transmitting source comprising a series of channels for receiving signals radiated by the unknown transmitting sources, generating preprocessed time domain data and generating a SAR image depicting a location of the unknown transmitting source, and a processor for processing the preprocessed time domain data to enhance a pixel value at each pixel location within the SAR image by summing signal data from each channel related to each pixel location to generate an enhanced SAR image.

Abstract: A system, device, apparatus and method for receiving a laser signal such as within a LADAR receiver.

Abstract: A system for controlled motion of circuit components to create reconfigurable circuits comprising: a support; a substrate operatively associated with the support; actuators operatively associated with the support configured to physically move circuit components and to move the circuit components into physical and electrical contact with the substrate; the substrate comprising at least one conductive segment arranged to electrically connect circuit components when electrical contacts of circuit components are placed in contact with at least one conductive segment; and control circuitry configured to control the first and second actuators to thereby position the circuit components relative to the substrate; whereby circuit function is determined by the selection of circuit components and the location and orientation of circuit components relative to the substrate and conductive segments to create a reconfigurable circuit.

Abstract: A radar assembly for receiving signals at spaced frequencies from an unknown transmitting source comprising a receiver operative to receive signals; the receiver comprising a series of channels, each channel comprising a low pass filter configured to allow passage of a signal from an unknown transmitting source, an analog to digital converter configured to transform the signal from the unknown transmitting source to a digital signal, a Hilbert transform configured to transform the digital signal from the unknown transmitting source into a single sideband signal, a Fourier transform configured to transform the single sideband signal into a plurality of regularly spaced frequency samples, and an inverse Fourier transform for extracting regularly spaced frequency samples; whereby extracted pulses form a train of pulses that are inputted into an imager which utilizes synthetic aperture radar to form an image of the area of interest containing the unknown transmitting device and method thereof.

Abstract: In an embodiment, a metal or metal-ion battery cell, includes anode and cathode electrodes, a separator electrically separating the anode and the cathode, and a solid electrolyte ionically coupling the anode and the cathode, wherein the solid electrolyte comprises a material having one or more rearrangeable chalcogen-metal-hydrogen groups that are configured to transport at least one metal-ion or metal-ion mixture through the solid electrolyte, wherein the solid electrolyte exhibits a melting point below about 350° C. In an example, the solid electrolyte may be produced by mixing different dry metal-ion compositions together, arranging the mixture inside of a mold, and heating the mixture while arranged inside of the mold at least to a melting point (e.g., below about 350° C.) of the mixture so as to produce a material comprising one or more rearrangeable chalcogen-metal-hydrogen groups.

Abstract: A laser receiver comprising a sensor; a first amplifier operatively connected to the sensor comprising a first gate, a first source and a first drain; a first subcircuit operatively connected between the first drain and the first gate comprising a first resistor, a first inductor and a decoupling capacitor configured to allow the first amplifier bias to be established by the at least one first biasing resistor; the impedance of the first gate being sufficient such that only a small proportion of the current from the sensor passes into the first gate; an inductor connecting the first gate to the at least one biasing resistor with high impedance at the receiver operating frequency; a second amplifier comprising a second gate operatively connected to the first drain; and an output configured to be operatively connected to a processing unit and a display unit configured to displaying output and method thereof.

Abstract: A photo detection device comprising a contact layer through which light enters; an absorbing region positioned such that light admitted through the contact layer passes into the absorbing region; at least one diffractive element operatively associated with the absorbing region operating to diffract light into the absorbing region; the configuration of the at least one diffractive element being determined by computer simulation to determine an optimal diffractive element (or elements) and absorbing region configuration for optimal quantum efficiency for at least one predetermined wavelength detection range, the at least one diffractive element operating to diffract light entering through the contact layer such that phases of diffracted waves from locations within the photo detection device or waves reflected by sidewalls and waves reflected by the at least one diffractive element form a constructive interference pattern inside the absorbing region.

Abstract: An electro-optic modulator comprising at least one nanodisordered potassium tantalate niobate crystal; first and second conductors operatively connected to the nanodisordered potassium tantalate niobate crystal adapted to be connected to a voltage source to modulate light passing there through; whereby light is modulated by passing through the nanodisordered potassium tantalate niobate crystal. A method for modulating light comprising providing at least one at least one nanodisordered potassium tantalate niobate crystal; providing first and second conductors operatively connected to the nanodisordered potassium tantalate niobate crystal adapted to be connected to a voltage source to modulate light passing there through; providing an interrogating light beam striking at least one nanodisordered potassium tantalate niobate crystal; modulating light passing through the nanodisordered potassium tantalate niobate crystal; and receiving a modulated light beam.

Abstract: A system and method for locating a man-made object comprising a transmitter and receiver combination or transceiver configured to emit mixtures of polarizations comprising HH, VV, VH and or HV polarization images, at least one processor configured to form co-polarimetric and cross-polarimetric images, to select a pixel under test and analyze the surrounding pixels by performing spatial averaging using the cross polarimetric image, and to replace the pixel under test and the pixels adjacent thereto with an average pixel value calculated from the pixel under test and pixels adjacent thereto; the at least one processor configured to diminish background effects to produce clearer co-polarimetric and cross-polarimetric images and to locate the left-right point of symmetry indicative of a man-made object by comparing each pixel under test in the cross-polarimetric image to pixels in the vicinity to locate an intensity differential in excess of 3 dB.

Abstract: A system for facial recognition comprising at least one processor; at least one input operatively connected to the at least one processor; a database configured to store three-dimensional facial image data comprising facial feature coordinates in a predetermined common plane; the at least one processor configured to locate three-dimensional facial features in the image of the subject, estimate three-dimensional facial feature location coordinates in the image of the subject, obtain the three-dimensional facial feature location coordinates and orientation parameters in a coordinate system in which the facial features are located in the predetermined common plane; and compare the location of the facial feature coordinates of the subject to images of people in the database; whereby recognition, comparison and/or likeness of the facial images is determined by comparing the predetermined common plane facial feature coordinates of the subject to images in the database. A method is also disclosed.

Abstract: A photodetector comprising a contact layer; an absorbing region positioned such that light admitted passes into the absorbing region; a diffractive region comprising at least one diffractive element operating to diffract light into the absorbing region; the configuration of the photodetector being determined by computer simulation to determine an optimal diffractive region and absorbing region configuration for optimal quantum efficiency for at least one predetermined wavelength range, the diffractive region operating to diffract light entering through the contact layer such that phases of diffracted waves from locations within the photodetector including waves reflected by sidewalls and waves reflected by the diffractive elements form a constructive interference pattern inside the absorbing region.

Abstract: A system for detection of human or vehicle activity comprising at least one sensor adapted to generate a signal and at least one processor operating to denoise the signal; generate an autocorrelation of the signal; partition the signal into a predetermined number of overlapping segments to form a time series of data; generate symbols for the overlapping segments; compare the pattern of generated symbols with known predetermined patterns of symbols representing human or vehicular activity; determine whether a threshold probability is exceeded which attributes the data signal to human or vehicular activity; analyze the patterns presented in the data signal by transforming the patterns of symbols into states; determine the transitions between states; and classify the signal as to being attributable to human or vehicular activity based upon the transitions between states. A method of detection and classification of sensor data signals via detecting patterns using time series analysis.

Abstract: A method and system configured to provide a weather forecast for a selected zone is provided. The method and system is configured to receive meteorological reports and locally sensed measurements. The information is transmitted to a weather model preprocessor disposed on the device which generates an analysis field. This information is passed to the weather model which is an executable program also disposed on the device. The weather model processes the analysis field generated by meteorological reports, large-scale initialization data and in-situ sensor values to generate an initial weather forecast. The weather model updates the initial weather forecast with real-time, high-resolution atmospheric measurements to generate a weather forecast more representative of the user's zone than that available from Internet/media outlets. Furthermore, because the weather model is run on the mobile device itself, staleness of the forecast will no longer be an issue, as forecasts can be generated on demand.

Abstract: A system for wireless communication comprising a plurality of wireless stations; each station configured to receive and transmit communications on at least one channel, each station comprising at least one processor and at least one memory operatively connected to the at least one processor; the at least one processor being configured to sense communications on the at least one channel and to wait a predetermined number of units of delay before transmitting a communication on the channel; the predetermined number of units of delay before transmission of the next communication being operatively associated with communications by the respective units.

Abstract: A system for reception of electromagnetic waves in a spectrum in which interference with radio frequencies of other electronics devices occurs comprising a transmitter; at least one receiver configured to receive the received signal; each received signal organized into a digital vector; at least one memory portion configured to store a plurality of received signals in a vector form; the vectors being combined into a matrix, each vector of the matrix being a digital data record representing a received signal; at least one processor operatively connected to the at least one memory portion; the at least one processor configured to estimate that portion of the received signal attributable to noise; the at least one processor operating to jointly estimate a minimal number of distinctive noise patterns and minimize the simplicity of the data of interest; the at least processor operating to process the noise and data of interest separately.

Abstract: A photodiode comprising a substrate; first semiconducting region; first contact; second region comprising an absorption region for the photons having a predetermined energy range; the second region being formed of a semiconductor having a high surface or interface recombination velocity; a third semiconducting region transparent at the predetermined photon energy range suitable for making an operative connection to a second contact; the second and third regions forming a second interface; the first and second regions forming a first interface; the second region being configured such that biasing the photodiode results in depletion of the second region from the first interface to the second interface or at least one of the absorption depth and the sum of the absorption depth and diffusion length from the second interface; the depletion resulting in the creation of an electric field whereby photogenerated carriers are collected by drift and a method of making the foregoing.

Abstract: A photodiode for detecting photons comprising a substrate; first semiconducting region suitable for forming a contact thereon; a first contact; a second semiconducting region comprising an absorption region for the photons and being formed of a semiconductor having one or more of a high surface recombination velocity or a high interface recombination velocity; a second contact operatively associated with the second region; the first semiconducting region and the second semiconducting region forming a first interface; the second semiconducting region being configured such that reverse biasing the photodiode between the first and second contacts results in the absorption region having a portion depleted of electrical carriers and an undepleted portion at the reverse bias point of operation; the undepleted portion being smaller than the absorption depth for photons; whereby the depletion results in the creation of an electric field and photogenerated carriers are collected by drift; and a method of making.

Abstract: Method for determining distance to target using a multitone nonlinear radar system comprising providing a transmitter that transmits a signal comprising at least two predetermined frequency components; receiving transmitted signal upon reflection from target; determining the phase relationships of the frequency components when signal strikes target; determining distance the signal has travelled to target based upon the phase relationship of the frequency signal components at the time of reflection from target; computing the distance to target.