Abstract: The invention relates to a switching device comprising at least one feeding circuit provided for DC power supply to at least one subscriber's terminal unit. The feeding circuit is especially provided for digital subscribers' terminal units. The invention furthermore relates to the feeding circuit used. There is proposed to provide a first and a second limiting circuit. The first limiting circuit comprises a first series combination of a first supply transistor arrangement and a first supply resistor arrangement to limit a supply current flowing through the first series combination. The second limiting circuit comprises a second series combination of a second supply transistor arrangement and a second supply resistor arrangement to limit a supply current (Is) flowing through the second series combination. A potential (V0) present on the control input of the second supply transistor arrangement depends on the voltage (Ur) present on the first series combination.

Abstract: A device for measuring the angular velocity of a rotating object (35) is described, which device comprises a first disc (23) moving with the object and having a rotationally symmetrical pattern of interruptions (24), and a second disc (29) having a similar pattern and a detector (34) which receives radiation passed by the patterns and converts it into an electric measuring signal. The device is very accurate, reliable and compact. The linear velocity of an elongated object, for example a recording tape, can also be measured with the device.

Abstract: The electric lamp with reflector has a concave reflecting surface of a rotationally-symmetric general shape, onto which flat four-sided facets are superimposed which are tangent to the general shape. The facets each illuminate a rectangular field in a plane perpendicular to the optical axis of the reflector, which fields are of equal shape and size and have the same orientation. Thereby, the electric lamp with reflector is able to illuminate a rectangular field with a high degree of uniformity and of efficiency. The electric lamp with reflector may be used in an image-projection apparatus.

Abstract: Device for transmitting or storing digital television pictures in which a maximum possible number of data of a group of transformed pixel blocks (DB.sub.1 . . . DB.sub.12) is transmitted in the form of variable-length code words (V.sub.1 . . . V.sub.N) in a corresponding channel block of predetermined length (FIG. 5A). If all code words of the groups of blocks are accommodated in the corresponding channel block (FIG. 5C), the channel block will also comprise surplus data of other blocks. The boundary, within a channel block, between these code words and surplus data is transmitted in the form of an address (P) which is accommodated at a predetermined position of the channel block. If the channel block length is inadequate for transmitting all code words of the group of blocks, the channel block (FIG. 5B), will comprise at least the code words which are representative of the DC coefficient and a number of important AC coefficients of each block.

Abstract: A number of MR signals are successively acquired in a sequence under the influence of a read gradient of alternating polarity to produce MR raw data, and ghost images are avoided by correcting the MR raw data using MR correction data derived from MR signals acquired during the same sequence.

Abstract: A sample-and-hold circuit comprises a first buffer stage, a first sampling switch, a sampling capacitor, and a feedback output amplifier for supplying a sampled output signal (Uout). The sampling capacitor is connected to an output of a second buffer stage, which has an input connected to earth. The output amplifier receives feedback via a third buffer stage and a second sampling switch and via a fourth buffer stage and a second sampling capacitor, which together with the first sampling switch are controlled by the same clock signal. The first sampling switch gives rise to clock feedthrough at the non-inverting input of the output amplifier. This clock feedthrough is cancelled by an equal clock feedthrough at the inverting input, so that the sampled output signal is freed from undesired clock feedthrough.

Abstract: During filtering of an image having different regions, the operation of a filter unit is adapted in response to the detection of a boundary between these regions. To this end, one or more intermediate signal values stored in the filter unit for recursive use and derived from signal values from a first region are replaced before any signal value from the second region is filtered. The intermediate signal values are replaced by one or more signal values from the second region, or by filtered signal values derived from the signal values from the second region.

Abstract: Method and device having a neural network for classifying data, and verification device for signatures.The device includes a neural network with an input layer 3, an internal layer 4, and an output layer 5. This network is designed to classify data vectors to classes, the synaptic weights in the network being determined through programming on the basis of specimens whose classes are known. Each class is defined during programming as corresponding to a set of neurons of which each represents a domain which contains a fixed number of specimens. The network includes a number of neurons and synaptic weights which have been determined as a function of the classes thus defined.

Abstract: A vacuum cleaner is provided which has a motor housing (2) and a hose (8), which can be coupled via two mains-voltage wires (38, 42), one communication wire (48) and contacts (32, 34, 30). The motor housing (2) and the handle (10) of the hose (8) include microprocessors (6, 12) which communicate with one another via the communication wire (48). The first reference signal (26) of the one microprocessor (6) is connected to the one mains voltage terminal (18) and the second reference signal (44) of the other microprocessor (12) is connected to the other mains voltage terminal (40).

Abstract: A differential amplifier with common-mode rejection for low supply voltages has a first and a second differential pair without transistors in the tails of the differential pairs and with proportional common-mode currents flowing through the first and the second differential pair. The differential amplifier includes a current mirror which feeds the common-mode current of the second differential pair (3, 4) back to the output terminals of the first differential pair for the rejection of common-mode currents at the output terminals. The voltage at the output terminals of the current mirror has a d.c. level which can be established by means of a first reference voltage source independently of the common-mode voltage at the input terminals of the differential amplifier.

Abstract: A unit for generating signal pulses. comprises a first, pulsed laser for supplying a pulse series having a pulse period T and a wavelength .lambda..sub.1, and a modulation unit comprising a second laser. The second laser has a wavelength band which is different from .lambda..sub.1 and can be modulated at a modulation period T in accordance with a data signal to be transported. The radiation from the second laser ) can be injected into the first laser at instants for which it holds that E(P.sub.m)>E(LP.sub.i), in which E(P.sub.m) is the radiation energy of the second laser injected into the first laser at the relevant instant and E(LP.sub.i) is the radiation energy built up in the first laser at the relevant instant. Moreover, the unit comprises a wavelength discriminator which selects the pulses of wavelength .lambda..sub.1 from the radiation emitted by the first laser after injection.

Abstract: First blocks with data units are encoded or decoded in a first error protection code in an encoding or decoding device. A sub-set of data units, comprising one data unit from each first block, is encoded or decoded in a second block of the second error protection code. The data units of each first block are stored so as to be group-wise distributed among different pages of a paged memory. On each page data units from different first blocks are stored, so that upon reading of the data units of the sub-set the data units can also be written again so as to be group-wise distributed among different pages. The number of necessary page address changes is thus minimized.

Abstract: Apparatus for the time controlled charge of a battery includes a switching device to control the supply of charge current to the battery. The switching device is in turn controlled by a control device including a time signal generation stage having a temperature sensitive device responsive to the ambient temperature of the apparatus so as to adjust the time signal generation stage to alter the battery charge time in a sense to prevent overcharging of the battery.

Abstract: Integrated circuits which process analog signals and consist of a plurality of separate functional blocks are difficult to test because the terminals of, internally interconnected functional blocks cannot be simply fed out in view of the limited number of external terminals. In order to test the integrated circuit by testing individual functional blocks separately, it is proposed to connect inputs and outputs of functional blocks are connected to switches enabling connection of these functional blocks to external terminals. The switches are controlled by storage stages which are loaded via a test input which is connected to comparators. These comparators compare the input signal with various reference voltages, the voltage ranges between the reference signals being associated with the logic values "0" and "1" as well as with a clock signal value.

Abstract: A high-pressure discharge lamp includes a discharge vessel which is enclosed with intervening space by an outer bulb. The lamp is provided with a starter circuit constructed as a starter unit comprising a bimetal switch and glow switch starter. The bimetal switch has a bimetal element which is fastened with a fastening point to a conductor, and rests in the cold state against a break contact point of a break contact. The fastening point and the break contact point form part of an insulating rigid body.

Abstract: An apparatus for identifying automatically from an interlaced video recording the frames of an original cine-film sequence from which the video recording has been derived. The apparatus includes an evaluation for evaluating, for each successive pair of fields, a function measuring correlation between adjacent odd and even picture lines taken from the first and second fields of the pair, respectively; a comparator for comparing the correlation function of each field pair with that of at least one neighboring pair in the sequence; and a selector for identifying pairs with greater correlation than their neighbors as being derived from the same original film frame. The original frames are reconstructed and fed to an MPEG motion picture encoder to obtain high quality compressed video, Also provided is automatic scene cut detection which allows adaptive operation of the MPEG encoder.

Abstract: A position-dependent waveform (WCi) is generated by generating a set of functions (f.sub.l (I1), . . . ,f.sub.p (I1),g.sub.l (If), . . . ,g.sub.r (If)) from position information (I1,If). A sub-set of functions (f.sub.nl (I1), . . . ,f.sub.nq (I1),g.sub.nl (If), . . . ,g.sub.ns (If))is selected from this set of functions (f.sub.l (I1), . . . ,f.sub.p (I1),g.sub.1 (If), . . . ,g.sub.r (If)). Only selected functions associated with the sub-set of functions (f.sub.nl (I1), . . . ,f.sub.nq (I1),g.sub.nl (If), . . . ,g.sub.ns (If)) are each multiplied by an associated coefficient (al, . . . ,aq,bl, . . . ,bs). The selected functions (f.sub.nl (I1), . . . ,f.sub.nq (I1),g.sub.nl (If), . . . ,g.sub.ns (If)) multiplied by an associated coefficient (al, . . . ,aq,bl, . . . ,bs)are added to form the position-dependent waveform (WCi).

Abstract: The electric incandescent lamp has a filament (2) centrically supported in a tubular envelope (1) by constrictions (6) in the envelope at areas where a refractory metal member (7) short-circuits turns (3') of the filament. The refractory metal member (7) is a sleeve around the filament (2).

Abstract: A luminaire includes a reflector in a housing, a lampholder for accommodating an electric lamp parallel to a light-emission window of the housing and to second sides thereof, and a light transmissive pane closing the window. Light-screening lamellae are present near the window, transverse to the main direction of the lamp. The luminaire has lamellae in regions adjacent first sides of the window, only; a central region of the window being free of lamellae for allowing easy replacement of the lamp through the central region not occupied by the lamellae. In an embodiment of the luminaire the lamellae are not linked to the pane. The luminaire allows for an easy replacement of the lamp and easy cleaning of the pane. An increased light output is obtained, too.

Abstract: Teletext page signals are transmitted in a format providing only basic characters and colors, along with extension signals enlarging the character set, colors, and other presentation information which is used by decoders and display systems having more extensive capabilities. Decoders ignore extension signals intended for a higher level display than the associated apparatus. A code is added identifying the level of display for which extension signals are intended, so that extension signals can be transmitted for use only by a display of a given capability, without undesired use by a higher level display.