Abstract: An information processing system comprises a sub-circuits, each performing a part of the processing of the information or data. The operation of the sub-circuits is synchronized by means of clock signals applied to clock inputs of the sub-circuits. The clock signals are derived from a system clock and are transferred to each sub-circuit via the sub-circuit or sub-circuits preceding that sub-circuit in the data processing chain. To avoid deterioration of the clock pulses while they are transferred between the sub-circuits, clock regeneration circuitry is arranged in the chain of sub-circuits. The clock regeneration circuitry is preferably integrated together with the data-processing sub-circuits.

Abstract: In a mobile radio system wherein a common group call is concurrently transmitted by several primary stations, each primary station includes in the structure of the call the identities of other primary stations which are transmitting the same call. In a TDMA system these identities may be transmitted in a time slot of a dedicated frame F, such as a control slot C, a ramp slot R, or an associated control slot AC. When the quality of the call as received by a mobile secondary station deteriorates, handover to the best available primary station transmitting the same group call can therefore be effected directly by the secondary station without the need for a signaling exchange with the primary stations involved. The invention is also applicable to FDMA systems.

Abstract: In cordless telephone sets comprising at least one base station and at least one handset, an exchange of identification codes takes place between the base station and the handset. In order to realise greater flexibility with cordless telephone sets, the invention proposes to establish a connection between the handset and the base station also by means of a second identification code stored in the base station. In this manner, any user without knowing the identification codes to be exchanged between the handset and the base station can sign on and sign off a handset at any compatible base station, provided that he knows the second identification code.

Abstract: A circuit arrangement for operating a high-pressure discharge lamp such that the high-pressure discharge lamp supplies a luminous flux of at least 60% of the nominal luminous flux within 1 s after ignition. The circuit arrangement is made up of a static converter for generating a DC voltage, a commutator provided with lamp connection terminals, a circuit for current stabilization during stable lamp operation by control of the static converter, and a circuit responsive to an instantaneous lamp voltage signal for operating the lamp with an increased run-up current and an increased power as compared with nominal rated operation during a lamp run-up period. A further circuit is provided so that the operation at the increased power includes at least a portion of the lamp run-up period for transition to normal operation. During this portion the increased power has a falling characteristic with a time constant that is independent of lamp voltage.

Abstract: A data communication system based on a serial bus and a monitor station for use with such system.A data communication system is based on a serial bus. It comprises transmitter stations and receiver stations. Frames have a sequence of start signals, address signals, and further signals, and also include control signals, and support an in-frame dialog between master and slave. A monitor station is also present and, irrespective of the source of a particular bit allows for sampling such bit in that it emulates an uncommitted slave station.

Abstract: An assembly of at least two stacked anti-implosion bands, in which each anti-implosion band 14, 24 comprises suspension elements 15, 25 projecting from the anti-implosion band 14, 24 which surround the adjacent anti-implosion band with clearance. As a result, anti-implosion bands can be stacked in a simple manner for storage and/or shipment, and can be readily unstacked for individual attachment to display tubes.

Abstract: An active matrix display device having an array of picture elements (12) comprising capacitive display elements, for example, liquid crystal elements, driven by row and column drive circuits (21,25) via row and column conductors (18,19) in which the column drive circuit (25) supplies multi-bit digital data signals to the column conductors (19) and in which each picture element is configured as a serial charge redistribution digital to analogue converter circuit for providing the analogue voltage required by the display element. The converter circuit can comprise two switching devices (T1,T2), e.g. TFTs, and two capacitors obtained by dividing the display element into two sub-elements (CP1,CP2). Row conductors (18) may be shared between adjacent rows of picture elements.

Abstract: For position-sensitive measurements, an X-ray analysis system comprises a one-dimensional position-sensitive detector and a detection Soller slit system in order to achieve position sensitivity in a direction transversely of the dispersion direction of the detector. Different position-sensitive measurement methods can be carried out by adaptation of the Soller slit system and the orientation of the one-dimensional position-sensitive detector.

Abstract: An interactive cable network for sending information to, and receiving information from a plurality of subscribers. The information is sent from a head-end through a central distributor which includes a plurality of head-end modems each capable of transmitting information at respective transmit frequencies within a first range of frequencies, and receiving information at respective receive frequencies within a second range of frequencies. The respective transmit and receive frequencies for each head-end modem form a respective modem frequency pair. Each head-end modem is coupled to a group of user modems and each respective user modem of each group operates on the respective modem frequency pair of its respective head-end modem. The central distributor also interrogates each user modem within each group of user modems.

Abstract: A circuit arrangement for powering a two-phase asynchronous motor having two windings which each have one end connected to one anode and both have another end connected to a third node, the nodes each being arranged to receive one of three alternating voltages whose sinusoidal fundamental waves at least substantially correspond in frequency. In this circuit arrangement, the power dissipation in the switching circuit connected to the third node is reduced by the alternating voltage applied to the third node having constant levels in periodically recurring time intervals so as to obtain a more economical dimensioning without a deterioration of the operating characteristics, particularly the loadability.

Abstract: A smart card security system has a system code and a security code. By means of a unique card containing the system code, the security code can be changed. Any card containing the correct security code renders the apparatus to be protected operable. The holder of the card bearing the system code can temporarily authorize other users to operate the apparatus.

Abstract: A shaving apparatus has at least one shaving unit (2) which comprises an external shaving member (3) and an internal shaving member (4) which is rotatable relative to the external shaving member, the external shaving member having an annular wall portion (5) with lamellae (7) which extend in substantially radial directions and between which hair-entry apertures (8) are formed, the internal shaving member comprising cutters (10) which describe a path adjoining the inner side (12) of the annular wall portion (5) of the external shaving member (4). In order to obtain a closer shave without an increased risk of injury to the skin the shaving apparatus is characterized in that the cutters (10) together form one undulating continuous ring-shaped cutter body covering all the hair-entry apertures (8).

Abstract: The invention relates to a cold-storage cartridge comprising a housing (1,2) having an interior into which a cold-storage medium (4) is introduced and having a device for indicating the charging state of the cold-storage medium. A very simple arrangement for the indication of the fully charged state is obtained in that the indicator device comprises an indicator substance (13) whose melting temperature Ti is lower than the melting temperature Ts of the cold-storage medium (4), in that the indicator substance (13) is held in a container (10) which is in heat-conducting contact with the cold-storage medium (4), in that the container (10) comprises an optically transparent wall portion (8) and in that the indicator device is connected to the cold-storage cartridge in such a manner that the transparent wall portion (8) is visible from outside the cold-storage cartridge.

Abstract: To improve the sharpness of (video) pictures to be displayed on a display screen of a display device, it is known to use scan velocity modulation. The drawback of scan velocity modulation is that an improvement of the (impression of) sharpness is obtained in given types of video signal/pictures only. By starting from the properties of the display tube when improving the (impression of) sharpness of the displayed picture, a much better improvement can be obtained. Information about the relevant display tube is applied to a correction circuit which also receives a video signal-dependent signal. With reference to these input signals, the correction circuit determines whether and how the video signal is to be corrected so as to obtain an ideal picture on the display screen. Reducing the contrast is a first step of restoring the resolution. Modulating the read clock of the video signal is a second step. Using scan velocity modulation is the last step.

Abstract: By providing a semiconductor device such as a cold cathode (7) with extra zener or avalanche structure (26, 27 and 32, 33, respectively) a robust structure is obtained which is resistant damage from, e.g., flashoners, during manufacture and use in a vacuum tube. The semiconductor zones (24, 27, 32, 33) are also utilized as electron sources.

Abstract: An interface circuit for linking microprocessors, intended to limit the current (Iout) in the link (L1-L2) by inserting in the link the emitter-collector path of a first transistor (T.sub.1) which is in the saturated state during operation. This circuit includes a second transistor (T.sub.2) which has a geometry k times smaller than that of the first transistor (T.sub.1) and which is coupled to the first transistor (T.sub.1) so as to produce a copy (Iy) of the link current (Iout), and a base current generator (10) which produces an output current (Iz) which feeds the bases of the first and the second transistor (T.sub.1, T.sub.2), and which is a regressive function of the copy current (Iy), on the basis of a fixed reference current (I.sub.0). A pair of transistors (T.sub.3, T.sub.4), similar to the first and the second transistor (T.sub.1, T.sub.2) but connected to the link (L1-L2) in an inverted manner, provides protection for bidirectional operation.

Abstract: An adapter, for enabling signals produced by a signal source to be reproduced as audio sounds by a cassette player audio system having a cassette audio playback deck of the front-loading type or the side-loading type, includes a housing of a configuration of a cassette normally used with the playback deck, a record head supported in a peripheral front wall of the housing, an electrical conductor located partly within the housing and extending from the housing, the conductor having one end electrically coupled to the record head. The housing includes a first opening in a peripheral side wall of the housing, for enabling the conductor to extend from the adapter from the sidewall thereof, such that the adapter may be used with a playback deck of the side-loading type. The housing further includes a preformed second opening, which is closed by a closure, which is located in a peripheral rear wall of the housing.

Abstract: To be able to transmit television pictures in a digital form through a medium having a limited bandwidth, the pictures are subjected to picture transform and to variable-length coding. The picture to be transmitted is converted in this manner into a bit stream comprising code words of variable length. This bit stream is converted into a channel bit stream which is less sensitive to transmission errors. To this end the most significant code words (representing the average luminance and the coarse picture details) of sub-pictures of 8*8 pixels are accommodated at fixed bit positions of the channel bit stream. These code words can be retrieved by simple count-down of the bit positions. The other code words are distributed over the other bit positions. The decoder is relatively simple because the length of each block comprising significant code words is also transmitted. This length is preferably adapted to the extent of picture detail in the sub-picture.

Abstract: A method of processing images for constructing a target image (Io) from adjacent images having a fixed frame line and referred to as source images (I1, . . . , Ii, Ij, . . . , In), the source and target images having substantially common view points. This method includes the steps of: digitizing the images, determining, for one of the pixels of the target image (Io), the address (Aq) of a corresponding point in one of all source images (Ij), determining the luminance value (F) at this corresponding point, assigning the luminance value (F) of this corresponding pixel to the initial pixel in the target image (Io), and repeating these steps for each pixel of the target image (Io). A device for performing this method includes a system of n fixed real cameras (C1, . . . , Cn) which provide n adjacent source images (I1, . . .

Abstract: An important problem in large integrated circuits is constituted by noise superimposed on the supply. This noise is particularly caused by switching of switching elements such as flipflops, and by heavily loaded output stages. These elements cause current peaks which may give rise to comparatively great fluctuations in voltage. This problem is solved at least to a great extent in CMOS circuits with standard cells or with custom layout blocks by means of an additional decoupling capacitance in the form of an extra well in the routing channels. The decoupling capacitance may be positioned immediately adjacent the switching element, which is favorable for suppressing the supply noise. Since the routing channels are generally not used for providing circuit elements, the chip surface area is not or substantially not increased by this extra capacitance.