Abstract: Carbon fiber bundles may be dispersed into substantially single mono-filaments in pitch by stirring a mixture of fibers and pitch at a temperature at which the pitch has a viscosity of about 0.1 to about 5 poise. The resulting fiber pitch binder contains about 0.5 to about 10.0 wt. % carbon fibers substantially dispersed as substantially single mono-filaments which are randomly oriented which may then be used directly as a binder for producing carbon bodies, for example, graphite electrodes, pinstock or specialty graphite articles. This unique binder using an economical amount of carbon fibers has the capacity to increase the strength and reduce the coefficients of thermal expansion of the resulting carbon products in more than one direction due to the random orientation of the carbon fibers.

Abstract: Carbon fiber bundles may be dispersed into substantially single mono-filaments in pitch by stirring a mixture of fibers and pitch at a temperature at which the pitch has a viscosity of about 0.1 to about 5 poise. The resulting fiber pitch binder contains about 0.5 to about 10.0 wt. % carbon fibers substantially dispersed as substantially single mono-filaments which are randomly oriented which may then be used directly as a binder for producing carbon bodies, for example, graphite electrodes, pinstock or specialty graphite articles. This unique binder using an economical amount of carbon fibers has the capacity to increase the strength and reduce the coefficients of thermal expansion of the resulting carbon products in more than one direction due to the random orientation of the carbon fibers.

Abstract: Flexible graphite sheet having embedded ceramic fibers extending from its surfaces into the sheet to increase the permeability of the sheet to resin.

Abstract: An electrically conductive seal comprising first and second thin sheets of flexible graphite for bonding together individual electrical fuel cells into an assembly in the form of a stack in which the individual electrical fuel cells are electrically connected together by the electrically conductive seal.

Abstract: Flexible graphite sheet having embedded ceramic fibers extending from its surfaces into the sheet to increase the permeability of the sheet to resin which is grooved by mechanical deformation into a shape useful as a flow field plate in fuel cells, having a thin sheet of flexible graphite affixed to the grooved sheet to provide support therefor.

Abstract: Flexible graphite sheet is made by compressing a mixture of fine particle of intercalated, exfoliated, expanded natural graphite with fine particles of intercalated, unexpanded, expandable particles of natural graphite, the unexpanded particles being more finely sized than the expanded particles. The resulting sheet of flexible graphite exhibits improved fire retardant and sealability properties.

Abstract: Spray cooled roof assembly for a metallurgical vessel, e.g. an electric arc furnace, comprising two spray cooled components, one of which covers a major portion of the furnace, and the other component of the roof assembly having an integral spray cooled extension for the removal of heated gases from the furnace.

Abstract: Flexible graphite sheet having embedded ceramic fibers extending from its surfaces into the sheet to increase the permeability of the sheet to resin. The resin impregnated sheet is formed into a sealing gasket.

Abstract: Flexible graphite sheet is made by compressing a mixture of fine particle of intercalated, exfoliated, expanded natural graphite with fine particles of intercalated, unexpanded, expandable particles of natural graphite, the unexpanded particles being more finely sized than the expanded particles. The resulting sheet of flexible graphite exhibits improved fire retardant and sealability properties.

Abstract: Flexible graphite sheet is made by compressing a mixture of fine particle of intercalated, exfoliated, expanded natural graphite with fine particles of intercalated, unexpanded, expandable particles of natural graphite admixed with small amounts of a phosphorous bearing compound, the unexpanded particles being more finely sized than the expanded particles. The resulting sheet of flexible graphite exhibits improved fire retardant and sealability properties and additionally resistance to oxidation and corrosion.

Abstract: An electrically conductive seal for bonding together individual electrical fuel cells into an assembly in the form of a stack in which the individual electrical fuel cells are electrically connected together by the electrically conductive seal.

Abstract: Flexible graphite sheet having embedded ceramic fibers extending from its surfaces into the sheet to increase the permeability of the sheet to resin.

Abstract: Flexible graphite sheet having embedded ceramic fibers extending from its surfaces into the sheet to increase the permeability of the sheet to resin which is grooved by mechanical deformation into a shape useful as a flow field plate in fuel cells.

Abstract: Spray cooled roof for a metallurgical furnace in the form of an assembly of separate hollow metal sections, each of which has a separate spray cooling system.

Abstract: Flexible graphite sheet is made by compressing a mixture of relatively large particles of intercalated, exfoliated, expanded natural graphite with smaller particles of intercalated, exfoliated expanded, expanded particles of natural graphite. The resulting sheet of flexible graphite exhibits increased electrical conductivity through the thickness ("c" direction) of the sheet and improved sealability perpendicular to the "c" direction.

Abstract: A process for converting coal tar containing quinoline-insoluble particles (Q.I.) produces a substantially Q.I.-free coal tar pitch and a separate, Q.I.-containing coal tar pitch. Dehydrated coal tar, soft coal tar pitch or hard coal tar pitch are subjected to continuous cross flow filtration in a circulation loop to obtain a substantially Q.I.-free stream and, concurrently, a Q.I.-containing stream. The two streams are then separately subjected to further fractionation, if any, to produce the substantially Q.I.-free hard coal tar pitch and separate Q.I.-containing hard coal tar pitch.

Abstract: Method and assembly for reinforcing flexible graphite by fusion bonding a film of thermoplastic polymer to the flexible graphite to form a laminiated product. One side of the thermoplastic polymer is raised to its softening temperature to cause it to bond to the flexible graphite while the opposite side thereof is maintained at a temperature below its softening point.

Abstract: This invention relates to chemically modified graphite particles:(a) that are useful in alkali metal-containing electrode of a electrochemical cell comprising:(i) the electrode,(ii) a non-aqueous electrolytic solution comprising an organic aprotic solvent which solvent tends to decompose when the electrochemical cell is in use, and an electrically conductive salt of an alkali metal, and(iii) a counterelectrode; and(b) that are chemically modified with fluorine, chlorine, iodine or phosphorus to reduce such decomposition.This invention also relates to electrodes comprising such chemically modified graphite and a binder and to electrochemical cells containing such electrodes.

Abstract: A furnace for pre-heating carbon bodies prior to pitch impregnation utilizing electrical current flow through the body along its longitudinal axis. The furnace is an apparatus which includes a structural steel framework with roller assemblies to support a carbon body. Electrical contacts and pressing assemblies are provided for establishing pressing forces on the carbon body and the apparatus is configured so that a carbon body can be received on the roller assemblies and contacted by the electrical contact means by adjustment of the pressing assemblies.

Abstract: A unitary composite structure having improved flexural strength and a reduced coefficient of thermal expansion comprising a heterogeneous combination of a carbonaceous reinforcing material interbonded with a matrix material, wherein the said matrix material is a poorly graphitizing carbonaceous pitch containing polymerized and cross-linked aromatic components is disclosed. Graphite electrodes comprised of the poorly graphitized pitch matrix material acting as a binder and/or an impregnant are also disclosed. Processes for the preparation of the poorly graphitizing pitch, the composite structure, and particularly the graphite electrodes are disclosed as well.