Abstract: The invention relates to a process for pickling stainless steel products, in which the pickling bath used has as its initial composition, HF.gtoreq.10 g/l, dissolved ferric iron (Fe.sup.3+).gtoreq.15 g/l, and water=balance. During the pickling operation(s), the redox potential of the bath is monitored and maintained between +100 mV and +350 mV by oxidation of the bath, if necessary, by at least one or several addition(s) of oxidant to the bath. The process of the invention applies particularly to the industrial pickling of stainless steel sheets and strips, in which it is possible to avoid the use of nitric acid and the resulting pollution.

Abstract: Pickling process in an acid bath containing an oxidant in order to enhance the pickling kinetics, wherein at least one peroxygenated derivative of titanium or at least of one element of the titanium family included in the product to be pickled is formed, the metal being ionized to a higher valency, the formation of the peroxygenated compound is controlled by measurement of the redox potential, and the quantity of oxidizing agent is limited so as to maintain an oxido-reduction potential lower than the passivation potential of the metallic product.

Abstract: Magnetic sheet metal obtained from hot-rolled strip steel containing, in particular, iron, silicon and aluminium and forming part of a family of sheet metals having orientated grains, characterized in that its composition is as follows: silicon less than 3.3%, aluminium between 1.5 and 8%, in concentration by weight, and in that the strip steel is subjected to cold-rolling in two steps with a final degree of reduction of between 50 and 80%, the magnetic sheet metal obtained having a general structure of the cubic type, at least 40% of the grains not deviating by more than 15.degree. from the ideal cubic orientation (100), 001 in the Miller notation.

Abstract: A process and combination for ferritic stainless steel resisting corrosion in neutral or weakly acid chloride-containing media, being ductile and impact resistant, the compositions consisting essentially of 28.5 to 35% chromium, 3.5 to 5.5% molybdenum, 0.5 to 2% copper, less than 0.5% nickel, less than 0.4% manganese, less than 0.4% silicon, less than 0.030% carbon, less than 0.030% nitrogen, and of titanium and/or niobium between 0.10 to 0.60% where % Ti>0.2+4(% C)+3.4(% N) and/or % Nb>0.1+7.7(% C)+6.6(% N) is satisfied. The process if for production of steel strips of the above composition where the hot-rolled steel strip is tempered at 900 to 1200.degree. C., then subjected to a first cold rolling followed by an intermediate and final tempering at 900 to 1200.degree. C. after intermediate and final cold rollings.

Abstract: Stainless iron-base alloy having a total shape memory effect consisting, after a given cold mechanical deformation, in a recovery of the initial shape by heating, characterized in that its composition by weight is the following:9 to 13% chromium,15 to 25% manganese,3 to 6% silicon,the remainder being iron and residual impurities resulting from the fusion of substances necessasry for producing the alloy, the proportions of the elements satisfying the relation:1.43(%Si)+1 (%Cr) .ltoreq.17.The invention also provides a method for producing this alloy.

Abstract: Method for pickling or cleaning materials of steel, in particular stainless steel, comprising treating the materials with an aqueous solution containing ferrous ions and ferric ions and an organic acid which does not oxidize the iron in an amount sufficient to maintain the Fe.sup.2+ and Fe.sup.3+ ions in solution, the ferric and ferrous ions being present in the solution in a ration Fe.sup.2+ /Fe.sup.3+ between 10/90 and 40/60, and maintaining the ration Fe.sup.2+ /Fe.sup.3+ within the defined range by addition of hydrogen peroxide.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for pickling stainless steel products, in which a pickling bath is used having the initial composition:HF 10 to 50 g/lDissolved ferric iron (Fe.sup.3+).gtoreq.15 g/lWater: as requiredat a temperature of between 15.degree. and 70.degree. C., characterized in that, during the pickling operation(s), the ferric iron content of the bath is maintained at at least 15 g/l by oxidation of the bath comprising at least one or several injections of air in a total quantity greater than or equal to 1 Nm.sup.3 per m.sup.2 of pickled stainless steel and per hour of pickling of each unit of surface area pickled.The process of the invention applies particularly to the industrial pickling of stainless steel sheets and strips, in which it is possible to avoid the use of nitric acid and the resulting pollution.

Abstract: A process of aluminizing magnetic steel sheets is disclosed. The process involves annealing a steel sheet in order to achieve partial secondary recrystallization, providing aluminum on the steel sheet, preferably by vacuum evaporation or immersion, and subjecting the steel sheet to a further heat treating step in order to diffuse the aluminum into the sheet and decrease impurities therein. Preferably, the partial secondary recrystallization anneal is performed in a neutral atmosphere such as nitrogen, while the final heat treating step is performed in a hydrogen atmosphere, and at a higher temperature than the above annealing step.