Abstract: A method for evaluating and controlling roasting and degree (level) of roast in food items including but not limited to: coffee, cocoa, beans, nuts, grains and seeds, involves collecting spectra of the gases (including water vapor) emitted during roasting in the mid-infrared region using either mid-infrared source or visible light to include Raman scattering. The changes in the spectra, due to absorption by molecular vibrations in the gases emitted during roasting are evaluated in real time during roasting. These data may be processed in frequency or time domain. The spectra and change in spectra are correlated with a roasting profile to mark the inception of roasting, progress of roasting and maturity/achievement of degree of a roast. The information can be transmitted to the roaster or controller to monitor the roasting progress and can be used to adjust parameters as desired during roasting.

Abstract: A system and method for enhancing cognitive function of an individual during exercising use stationary exercise equipment to self-propel the individual's avatar or avatar's point of view through a virtual pathway while interacting to complete a cognitive task including registration of the task, verification of discrimination of basic learning, and performance of manipulation of the cognitive task.

Abstract: A mosaic-style design aerogel window system having two panes of translucent material assembled parallel to each other in a frame to form a window panel is disclosed. A variety of aerogel monoliths of various colors are assembled in a layer between the two panes of translucent material such that edges of adjacent aerogel monoliths mate with each other. Aerogel monoliths are prepared from a plurality of cut or molded shapes of aerogel monoliths, each having at least one dimension of ¼ inch or greater. At least some of the plurality of aerogel monoliths have dyes or salts incorporated into a precursor recipe to impart color to the colored aerogel monoliths.

Abstract: A system and method for enhancing cognitive function of an individual during exercising use stationary exercise equipment to self-propel the individual's avatar or avatar's point of view through a virtual pathway while interacting to complete a cognitive task including registration of the task, verification of discrimination of basic learning, and performance of manipulation of the cognitive task.

Abstract: A method for evaluating and controlling roasting and degree (level) of roast in food items including but not limited to: coffee, cocoa, beans, nuts, grains and seeds, involves collecting spectra of the gases (including water vapor) emitted during roasting in the mid-infrared region using either mid-infrared source or visible light to include Raman scattering. The changes in the spectra, due to absorption by molecular vibrations in the gases emitted during roasting are evaluated in real time during roasting. These data may be processed in frequency or time domain. The spectra and change in spectra are correlated with a roasting profile to mark the inception of roasting, progress of roasting and maturity/achievement of degree of a roast. The information can be transmitted to the roaster or controller to monitor the roasting progress and can be used to adjust parameters as desired during roasting.

Abstract: A system and method for enhancing cognitive function of an individual during exercising use stationary exercise equipment to self-propel the individual's avatar or avatar's point of view through a virtual pathway while interacting to complete a cognitive task including registration of the task, verification of discrimination of basic learning, and performance of manipulation of the cognitive task.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to patient-specific bone implants and methods for designing and making such implants. A method includes obtaining an image of a bone having an injured, diseased, or degenerative portion; determining in the image the margins at each end of the injured portion of the bone; transforming the image into a three-dimensional model; conducting a virtual surgery to remove the injured portion of the bone and create a virtual bone gap in the image; designing a patient-specific implant to fit the virtual bone gap, wherein the designed implant includes a framework having a porosity sufficient to allow blood entry through the framework and having mechanical properties similar to that of bone; and fabricating an implant based on the designed implant. Optionally, bone regeneration material is placed within the framework.

Abstract: A catalyst which remediates hydrocarbon fuel combustion exhaust, including a non-PGM containing aerogel which catalyzes the oxidation of carbon monoxide and hydrocarbons and the reduction of nitrogen oxides present in the exhaust, a catalytic converter made therefrom, and a method for the production thereof is disclosed.

Abstract: A method for synthesizing variants of Tre; novel Tre variants; and a method for introducing Tre in sufficient concentration into the intracellular environment suitable to store treated mammalian cells, treat an aggregation disease, and protect treated cells from oxygen radicals are disclosed.

Abstract: A catalyst which remediates hydrocarbon fuel combustion exhaust, including a non-PGM containing aerogel which catalyzes the oxidation of carbon monoxide and hydrocarbons and the reduction of nitrogen oxides present in the exhaust, a catalytic converter made therefrom, and a method for the production thereof is disclosed.

Abstract: Method and devices for rapidly fabricating monolithic aerogels, including aerogels containing chemical sensing agents, are disclosed. The method involves providing a gel precursor solution or a pre-formed gel in a sealed vessel with the gel or gel precursor at least partially filling the internal volume of the vessel and the sealed vessel being positioned between opposed plates of a hot press; heating and applying a restraining force to the sealed vessel via the hot press plates (where the restraining force is sufficient to minimize substantial venting of the vessel); and then controllably releasing the applied restraining force under conditions effective to form the aerogel. A preferred device for practicing the method is in the form of a hot press having upper and lower press plates, and a mold positioned between the upper and lower plates. Doped aerogel monoliths and their use as chemical sensors are also described.

Abstract: A percutaneous emergent cricothyroidotomy airway device for creating a surgical airway in a patient. The device includes a housing and a palm grip movably disposed in the housing between an expanded position and a compressed position. A first prong extends from the housing and second prong extends from the palm grip, wherein when the palm grip is in the expanded position, the first and second prongs are spaced apart and when the palm grip is moved to the compressed position the second prong is adjacent the first prong. A blade actuator is movably disposed in the housing. The blade actuator has opposed ends and a blade for puncturing a cricothyroid membrane of a patient is disposed on one end of the blade actuator. To create an airway an airway device of the present invention is provided. The palm grip is compressed to move the second prong adjacent the first prong. The blade actuator is actuated to advance the blade from between the prongs.

Abstract: A motion-based method and system for rapidly identifying the presence of spatially dispersed or interwoven patterns in data and their deviation from a test model for the pattern includes transforming dispersed patterns into one concentrated moving objects, for which there is a characteristic, identifiable motion signature. The method may be used with data sets containing sharp peaks, such as frequency spectra, and other data sets. A roadmap of basic motion signatures is provided for reference, including multiple harmonic series, separation of odd and even harmonics, missing modes, sidebands and inharmonic patterns. The system and method may also be used with data stored in arrays and volumes. It remaps such data to show both high-resolution information and long range trends simultaneously for applications in nanoscale imaging.

Abstract: Method and devices for rapidly fabricating monolithic aerogels, including aerogels containing chemical sensing agents, are disclosed. The method involves providing a gel precursor solution or a pre-formed gel in a sealed vessel with the gel or gel precursor at least partially filling the internal volume of the vessel and the sealed vessel being positioned between opposed plates of a hot press; heating and applying a restraining force to the sealed vessel via the hot press plates (where the restraining force is sufficient to minimize substantial venting of the vessel); and then controllably releasing the applied restraining force under conditions effective to form the aerogel. A preferred device for practicing the method is in the form of a hot press having upper and lower press plates, and a mold positioned between the upper and lower plates. Doped aerogel monoliths and their use as chemical sensors are also described.

Abstract: A light transmission based liquid crystal temperature sensor system comprising a layer of thermochromic liquid crystals and a light source for transmitting an amount of light through the layer of thermochromic liquid crystals. A temperature control device records and measures at least one of the amount and spectral characteristics of the light transmitted through the layer of thermochromic liquid crystals. A processing device converts the measured amount or spectral characteristics of the transmitted light to temperature.