Abstract: Aqueous thiocarbonate solutions are stabilized by the addition of base, sulfide and/or polysulfide, and the stability and safety of the more concentrated solutions containing 1 weight percent or more equivalent CS.sub.2 as a thiocarbonate are achieved as reflected by significant reduction of CS.sub.2 partial pressure in such solutions. Also, deposit formation in irrigation systems delivering such thiocarbonates, such as drip emitters and sprinkler heads, is reduced or eliminated with minor amounts of sodium hexametaphosphate.

Abstract: High quality lubricating oil base stocks are produced from crude oils that contain significant concentrations of aromatic compounds in their higher boiling fractions. First, the crude is fractionated. After the residua fraction has been deasphalted, it is combined with the gas oil fraction. The resultant combined fraction is hydrocracked. The hydrocrackate is separated into a light fraction and a heavy fraction. The heavy fraction is hydrodewaxed, then hydrofinished. The hydrofinished product is combined with the light fraction and distilled into products including middle distillate fuel products and lubricating oil base stocks. The lubricating oil base stocks have high VI.

Abstract: A differential analysis method can be used to determine the presence or absence of a fluid in contact with a tubing string within a wellbore. The method uses a signal generator and detects tubing-perturbed signals, searches for an initial interfacial indicator within a window, axially aligns indicators within a data series as the detector traverses the tubing, discerns an adjacent interfacial indicator known to be incrementally changed by the presence of the fluid, and compares the adjacent indicators to the known incremental change. Even if the absolute location or condition of the interface is uncertain, the relative change indicates the presence or absence of fluid. A prior condition indicator can also be used to determine a second window for detecting an adjacent surface signal indicators.

Abstract: A method for rotary drilling and removing cuttings provides a underbalanced drilling fluid pressure at the drilling face but overbalanced pressure in the wellbore. The preferred method uses a rotary drill within a housing which also encloses a jet pump which draws and pressurizes the cuttings and drilling fluid, a separator of the cuttings and a portion of the pressurized drilling fluid, and a nozzles to supply separated and reduced pressure drilling fluid back to drilling face while the cuttings and remaining pressurized drilling fluid flows up towards the surface. The method avoids overpressure strengthening of the drill face and underpressure damage to the wellbore.

Abstract: A method and system, for reducing the temperature of a hydrogeothermal fluid, entails directly or indirectly contacting a self-rising, heated hydrogeothermal fluid with a cooling fluid to cool the hydrogeothermal fluid before it enters and/or as it rises in the production tube.

Abstract: A composition of matter comprising both (1) zeolite Beta and a (2) Y zeolite having either a unit cell size below about 24.45 angstroms or a water vapor sorption capacity at 25.degree. C. at p/p.sub.o of 0.10 of less than 10.00 weight percent. Typical of the Y zeolites used in the composition of the invention is a UHP-Y zeolite such as LZ-10 zeolite. The composition is especially suited for use in combination with one or more hydrogenation components as a catalyst for hydrocracking various types of feedstocks to produce either gasoline or middle distillate products.

Abstract: A method and system for removing hydrogen sulfide from a continuous aqueous phase-containing fluid without forming a sulfur sludge. Oil is either initially present in the fluid or added thereto.

Abstract: Cellulosic particles, for example wood particles, stored in a pile are preserved by contacting the particles with a thiocarbonate composition.

Abstract: Rotary drag during drilling is reduced by 1) adding roller bearings to a tubular string and drill bit, and/or 2) adding a bearing assembly to the tubular string, and/or 3) adding a rotary discoupling tool to the tubular string. At the drill bit, this is achieved by miniature rollers built into the gauge section. Along the drill string periodic roller bearings or bearing standoff assemblies are placed along the string length and/or a rotary discoupling tool capable of sealing fluid and transmitting compression and tensile loads is placed in the string. The combination minimizes bit whirl and rotational drag, especially during the drilling of extended reach wellbores.

Abstract: Aqueous thiocarbonate solutions are stabilized by the addition of base, sulfide and/or polysulfide, and the stability and safety of the more concentrated solutions containing 1 weight percent or more equivalent CS.sub.2 as a thiocarbonate are achieved as reflected by significant reduction of CS.sub.2 partial pressure in such solutions.

Abstract: A reactivated catalyst having optimum activity for hydrocracking and other acid catalyzed chemical conversion processes is prepared by contacting its deactivated counterpart, which contains a crystalline molecular sieve, a Group VIII noble metal hydrogenation component and carbonaceous deposits, with a gas containing molecular oxygen, preferably air, at a temperature between 950.degree. and 1200.degree. F., preferably between about 1050.degree. and 1150.degree. F., for a time sufficient to remove at least a portion of the carbonaceous deposits. When the reactivated catalyst contains a dealuminated Y zeolite that has been ion-exchanged with both noble metal and rare earth metal cations, its activity for hydrocracking in an ammonia-deficient atmosphere can be further increased by a rejuvenation procedure in which the reactivated catalyst is contacted with an aqueous ammonia solution in which an ammonium salt has been dissolved.

Abstract: The gelation of a gelable composition is delayed by using, inter alia, a crosslinking rate retardant selected from the group consisting of epoxides, ethers, and mixtures thereof.

Abstract: A catalyst useful for hydroprocessing a hydrocarbon-containing oil contains at least one hydrogenation component on an amorphous, porous refractory oxide support containing between 2 and 8 weight percent of silica. The catalyst is prepared by impregnating support particles having a narrow pore size distribution and a median pore diameter greater than about 120 angstroms with a solution containing precursors of the hydrogenation components, followed by drying and calcining. The catalyst is useful for promoting a number of hydrocarbon hydroprocessing reactions, particularly simultaneous hydrogenative desulfurization, demetallization and denitrogenation of residuum-containing oils.

Abstract: A wellbore fluid (e.g., a drilling, completion, packer, or fracturing fluid) comprises (a) at least one additive selected from the group consisting of emulsifiers, wetting agents, viscosifiers, weighting agents, fluid loss control agents, proppants for use in hydraulically fracturing subterranean formations, and particulate agents for use in forming a gravel pack; and (b) a non-toxic white mineral oil having (i) an API gravity at 15.6.degree. C. (60.degree. F.) greater than 35, (ii) a content of compounds containing 14 or more carbon atoms of at least about 95 weight percent, and (iii) a pour point of at least about -30.degree. C. (-22.degree. F.).

Abstract: Aqueous thiocarbonate solutions are stabilized by the addition of base, sulfide and/or polysulfide, and the stability and safety of the more concentrated solutions containing 1 weight percent or more equivalent CS.sub.2 as a thiocarbonate are achieved as reflected by significant reduction of CS.sub.2 partial pressure in such solutions. Also, deposit formation in irrigation systems delivering such thiocarbonates, such as drip emitters and sprinkler heads, is reduced or eliminated with minor amounts of sodium hexametaphosphate.

Abstract: A composition of matter comprising zeolite Beta and a layered magnesium silicate such as sepiolite is especially suited for use in combination with one or more hydrogenation components as a catalyst for hydrocracking various types of feedstocks.

Abstract: Hot, newly molded glass articles are easily moved using sweepout arms having a plurality of graphite contact members that form a mosaic to present the hot glass piece with a substantially smooth graphite surface.

Abstract: A composition useful for catalyzing alkylation and transalkylation reactions comprises a molecular sieve having alkylation and/or transalkylation activity, an inorganic refractory oxide component and greater than 3.5 weight percent water. Such a catalyst has been found to maintain a long life when used to produce ethylbenzene in an integrated process in which benzene is alkylated with ethylene and transalkylated with diethylbenzene. The catalyst can also be used to produce cumene via an integrated process in which benzene is alkylated with propylene and transalkylated with diisopropylbenzene.

Abstract: A fracturing fluid comprises (a) a carrier, (b) a nucleating agent capable of reducing the concentration of scale-forming ingredients and/or natural occurring radioactive materials (NORMs) present in an aqueous subterranean fluid, and optionally (c) an ingredient selected from the group consisting of proppants, friction-reducing additives, fluid-loss-control additives, gelling agents, bactericides, and scale stabilizers. The fracturing fluid is employed in hydraulic fracturing procedures to, among other things, reduce the concentration of the scale-forming ingredients and/or NORMs present in produced aqueous subterranean fluids.

Abstract: A pressure actuated, telescoping subassembly is supported by a pipe string to axially move an attached member within a wellbore. Increasing fluid pressure to the subassembly actuates a telescoping action, axially moving the attached member but not the supporting pipe string. Motion can be used during rotary drilling or running of tubulars into a drilled borehole portion. Pressure actuation provides a way to remotely apply axial force to a member, such as a tool or drill string portion. Moving only the member instead of the entire drill string and member lowers the total force required to move members and provides a new way to chase drill bits and apply constant drilling forces. This minimizes the risk of pipe string overloading and buckling, exceeding rig weight limitations, and tool bit damage.