Abstract: A flame retardant for imparting excellent flame retardancy to polyamides used as engineering plastics, is a reaction product obtained by reacting a benzenesulfonic acid type compound having the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3, R.sub.4 and R.sub.5 respectively represent H, SO.sub.3 H, NH.sub.2, COOH, OH, CN or NO.sub.2, with dicyandiamide or melamine.

Abstract: A concurrent-biaxially drawn polyvinyl alcohol film is prepared by fabricating a molten hydrate polyvinyl alcohol into a film; drying it under preventing an orientation thereof to form a substantially non-orientated substrate film having a water content of 3 to 20 wt. %; coating an aqueous dispersion of a macromolecular compound on at least one surface of the substrate film to form a coated film having an average water content of 5 to 30 wt. % with an increased water content of 2 to 10 wt. %; concurrent-biaxially drawing the coated film at an area elongation percent of 600 to 1300% to form a drawn film; drying the drawn film under releasing stress at a water content of less than 3 wt. % to form a dried film; and heat-treating continuously the dried film at higher than 160.degree. C. and lower than a decomposition temperature for a short time.

Abstract: A biaxially drawn thermoplastic polyester film is prepared by concurrent-biaxially drawing a thermoplastic polyester film by a tenter method at a drawing temperature higher than the glass transition temperature of the thermoplastic polyester while maintaining the preheating temperature of the film just prior to drawing at a level greater than the drawing temperature and maintaining the subsequent heat-treating temperature immediately after drawing lower than the preheating temperature and carrying out a reheat-treating process in a plurality of steps while elevating the temperature in each step over a substantially equal temperature range.

Abstract: The regenerating apparatus or furnace has gas burners mounted thereon to deliver combustion gas tangentially to a header and thence to distributing ports arranged circumferentially around and internally of a columnar bed of carbon being regenerated to provide uniform temperature distribution across the bed. In an alternate construction, the columnar bed is annular, headers are provided exteriorly and interiorly of the bed, and distribution ports conduct the combustion gas through the inner and outer walls defining the annular bed.

Abstract: Waste from a textile machine is removed by providing an air channel having top, side and bottom walls. In the area where the waste settles, the top wall of the air channel is formed by one or more shutters movable between closed and opened positions. When the shutters are opened, waste which has accumulated thereon when closed or which comes directly from the machine, falls into the air channel. The shutters are then closed and an air current is produced in the air channel by suitable means to convey the waste away.

Abstract: A blend of an aromatic co-polyester and poly(etylene terephthalate) provides molded articles of reduced crazing.

Abstract: A carding method in which the rotary flats of a carding machine are driven intermittently so that each time the flats are driven only a portion (1/6 to 1/4) of the flats opposed to the cylinder of the machine are replaced by fresh flats, thereby decreasing the amount of good fibers in the waste, particularly when carding synthetic fibers.The carding machine is provided with a solenoid clutch in the drive mechanism for the rotary flats and the flat cleaning means, and with a timer for controlling the clutch so that the flats can be intermittently driven at desired drive and stop intervals. For carding polyester fiber, the drive interval may be enough to replace one-fifth of the flats opposed to the cylinder of the machine with fresh flats, and the stop interval may be as much as sixty minutes.