Abstract: A chemical process that recovers the vanadium contained in inorganic acid solutions, precipitating it as a solid compound of vanadium and alkali metal or monovalent cation ferrocyanide, is disclosed. Separation is carried out electrochemically, depositing the compound onto a metal immersed in the acid solution that contains vanadium as well as other dissolved metals, to which a ferrocyanide salt of an alkali metal or a monovalent cation has been previously added. If the inorganic acid present in solution is different than nitric acid, the vanadium can also be separated by direct addition of a ferrocyanide salt of an alkali metal or a monovalent cation to the acid solution containing vanadium. The method described allows recovery of vanadium without modifying the initial composition of the solution, except for the concentration of the vanadium dissolved.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to methods for preparing biosurfactants for use in stabilizing emulsions of high viscosity hydrocarbons such as high viscosity crude oil wherein the biosurfactant is a metabolite of Pseudomonas Aeruginosa (USB-CS1). The resulting biosurfactant can be used to produce stabilized emulsions having a viscosity of below about 500 centipoise and, more preferably, below about 100 centipoise at ambient temperatures.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to biosurfactant stabilized emulsions of high viscosity hydrocarbons such as high viscosity crude oil wherein the biosurfactant is a metabolite of Pseudomonas aeruginosa (USB-CS1) and two methods for making the same. Preferably, the viscosity of the biosurfactant stabilized emulsions is below about 500 centipoise and, more preferably, below about 100 centipoise at ambient temperatures.

Abstract: An antimony and tin containing compound for passivating contaminant metals to which a catalyst is exposed during fluid catalytic cracking of hydrocarbons containing said contaminant metals, said compound having a composition as follows (R*).sub.x Sb(OSn(R**).sub.3).sub.n wherein R* and R** are aryl compounds having between 6 to 13 carbon atoms, wherein n=1, 2 or 3 and x=4 when n=1, x=3 when n=2, and x=0 when n=3.