Abstract: A method and an apparatus (15) for computer-implemented determination of physical properties of a porous layer (1) present on a surface of a substrate. The physical properties include at least a layer thickness (d) of the layer, a porosity (p) of the layer and a roughness (r) of the layer at an interface (9) with the substrate supporting the layer. The method includes recording a reflectance curve (39) concerning light (25) irradiated onto the porous layer within a wavelength range in which the porous layer is largely transparent, setting a predetermined roughness start value, setting a porosity start value based on knowledge concerning a manufacturing process for forming the porous layer, setting a layer thickness start value based on an evaluation of periodic fluctuations of reflectance intensities within the recorded reflectance curve, and determining the physical properties of the porous layer by computer-implemented fitting of the recorded reflectance curve using a non-linear least squares method.

Abstract: There are provided a method for producing a photovoltaic element with stabilised efficiency, and a device which may be used to carry out the method, for example in the form of a specially adapted continuous furnace. A silicon substrate to be provided with an emitter layer and electrical contacts is thereby subjected to a stabilisation treatment step. In that step, hydrogen, for example from a hydrogenated silicon nitride layer, is introduced into the silicon substrate, for example within a zone (2) of maximum temperature. The silicon substrate may then purposively be cooled rapidly in a zone (3) in order to avoid hydrogen effusion. The silicon substrate may then purposively be maintained, for example in a zone (4), within a temperature range of from 230° C. to 450° C. for a period of, for example, at least 10 seconds. The previously introduced hydrogen may thereby assume an advantageous bond state.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a compound, which can be used in the prevention and treatment of infections with pathogenic Neisseria species, in particular N. gonorrhoeae and N. meningitidis (the gonococcus and the meningococcus, respectively), and other pathogenic bacteria (e.g. Haemophilus species or Moraxella catarrhalis), and which can be used for disinfecting a substrate from said bacteria. Moreover, the present invention relates to a corresponding pharmaceutical composition comprising said compound.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a compound which can be used in the treatment of infections with pathogenic bacteria, in particular pathogens mediating pathogenicity by quinolone dependent production of virulence factors, such as e.g. Pseudomonas aeruginosa and species of the genus Burkholderia, and which can be used for treating bacterial or chronic infections or can be used in combination with other anti-bacterial agents, such as antibiotics, to increase sensitivity of the bacteria for treatment of e.g. multiresistant strains in e.g. mammals.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a compound, which can be used as an anti-bacterial and/or an anti-fungal agent as well as a zinc sensor. Moreover, the present invention relates to a pharmaceutical composition comprising said compound and methods for treating bacterial or fungal infections in mammals.

Abstract: There are provided a method for producing a photovoltaic element with stabilised efficiency, and a device which may be used to carry out the method, for example in the form of a specially adapted continuous furnace. A silicon substrate to be provided with an emitter layer and electrical contacts is thereby subjected to a stabilisation treatment step. In that step, hydrogen, for example from a hydrogenated silicon nitride layer, is introduced into the silicon substrate, for example within a zone (2) of maximum temperature. The silicon substrate may then purposively be cooled rapidly in a zone (3) in order to avoid hydrogen effusion. The silicon substrate may then purposively be maintained, for example in a zone (4), within a temperature range of from 230° C. to 450° C. for a period of, for example, at least 10 seconds. The previously introduced hydrogen may thereby assume an advantageous bond state.

Abstract: According to an example, in a method for producing a photovoltaic element with stabilised efficiency, a silicon substrate may be provided with an emitter layer and electrical contacts, which may be subjected to a stabilisation treatment step. Hydrogen from a hydrogenated silicon nitride layer may be introduced into the silicon substrate, for example, within a zone of maximum temperature. The silicon substrate may then be cooled rapidly in a zone in order to avoid hydrogen effusion. The silicon substrate may then be maintained, for example in a zone within a temperature range of from 230° C. to 450° C. for a period of, for example, at least 10 seconds. The previously introduced hydrogen may thereby assume an advantageous bond state. At the same time or subsequently, a regeneration may be carried out by generating excess minority charge carriers in the substrate at a temperature of at least 90° C., preferably at least 230° C.

Abstract: What is proposed is a method of producing at least two differently heavily doped subzones (3, 5) predominantly doped with a first dopant type in a silicon substrate (1), in particular for a solar cell. The method comprises: covering at least a first subzone (3) of the silicon substrate (1) in which a heavier doping with the first dopant type is to be produced with a doping layer (7) of borosilicate glass, wherein at least a second subzone (5) of the silicon substrate (1) in which a lighter doping with the first dopant type is to be produced is not covered with the doping layer (7), and wherein boron as a dopant of a second dopant type differing from the first dopant type and oppositely polarized with respect to the same is included in the layer (7), and; heating the such prepared silicon substrate (1) to temperatures above 300° C., preferably above 900° C., in a furnace in an atmosphere containing significant quantities of the first dopant type.

Abstract: The present invention provides DNA polymerases and their use in various applications. The present invention also relates to uses and methods utilizing the DNA polymerase of the present invention for discriminating between matched and mismatched primers or detecting SNP or methylated cytosine. The present invention also relates to kits comprising such DNA polymerases.

Abstract: A method for producing a solar cell is described, in which a plurality of doped regions are to be etched-back selectively or over their entire surface. Once a semiconductor substrate (1) has been provided, various doped regions (3, 5) are formed in partial regions of a surface of the semiconductor substrate, the various doped regions (3, 5) differing as regards their doping concentration and/or their doping polarity. The various doped regions (3, 5) are then purposively etched-back in order to achieve desired doping profiles, and finally electrical contacts (21) are formed at least at some of the doped regions (3, 5). The etching-back of the various doped regions takes place in a common etching operation in an etching medium.

Abstract: Methods for the differentiation of a 5-hydroxymethyl modification of a cytosine residue of interest in a nucleic acid molecule from (i) a 5-methyl modification of the cytosine residue of interest or (ii) an unmodified cytosine residue of interest, the methods making use of the capability of transcription-activator-like effector (TALE) proteins to preferentially bind with strong affinity to nucleic acid sequences containing non-modified cytosine residues or 5-methyl modified cytosine residues, and to bind, if at all, with only strongly reduced affinity to nucleic acid sequences containing 5-hydroxymethyl modified cytosine residues. The present invention further relates to respective uses of TALE proteins for the differentiation of a 5-hydroxymethyl modification of a cytosine residue of interest in a nucleic acid molecule from (i) a 5-methyl modification of the cytosine residue of interest or (ii) the unmodified cytosine residue of interest.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and a prokaryotic cell for identifying a compound, which interferes with ribosome biogenesis, assembly and/or degradation. The cell expresses a first fusion protein comprising a first ribosomal protein, an amino acid linker and a first fluorescent protein, and a second fusion protein comprising a second ribosomal protein, an amino acid linker and a second fluorescent protein. The invention further relates to a gene construct comprising a first element encoding a first ribosomal protein fused to a first fluorescent protein by an amino acid linker, and a second element encoding a second ribosomal protein fused to a second fluorescent protein by an amino acid linker.

Abstract: The present invention relates to DNA polymerases displaying increased substrate scope such as improved reverse transcriptase and DNA polymerase activities, as well as improved activities for incorporating and extending modified nucleotides. In particular, the present invention relates to DNA polymerases derived from wild-type Thermus aquaticus (Taq) polymerase, comprising the mutations S515R, I638F, and M747K with regard to the wild-type amino acid sequence. The present invention further relates to nucleic acids coding for the DNA polymerases of the present invention, vectors containing said nucleic acids, host cells containing said vectors or nucleic acids, methods for the generation of DNA molecules using said DNA polymerases, kits containing said DNA polymerases, and uses thereof.

Abstract: A method for producing a solar cell is described, in which a plurality of doped regions are to be etched-back selectively or over their entire surface. Once a semiconductor substrate (1) has been provided, various doped regions (3, 5) are formed in partial regions of a surface of the semiconductor substrate, the various doped regions (3, 5) differing as regards their doping concentration and/or their doping polarity. The various doped regions (3, 5) are then purposively etched-back in order to achieve desired doping profiles, and finally electrical contacts (21) are formed at least at some of the doped regions (3, 5). The etching-back of the various doped regions takes place in a common etching operation in an etching medium.

Abstract: The present invention relates to fucose- and mannose-derived glycomimetics and their general use in prophylaxis or treatment of Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections including respiratory tract infections, urinary tract infections, nosocomial infections and chronic wound infections in a patient encompassing a patient suffering already from cystic fibrosis. Said glycomimetics are inhibitors of Pseudomonas aeruginosa lectin LecB.

Abstract: According to an example, in a method for producing a photovoltaic element with stabilised efficiency, a silicon substrate may be provided with an emitter layer and electrical contacts, which may be subjected to a stabilisation treatment step. Hydrogen from a hydrogenated silicon nitride layer may be introduced into the silicon substrate, for example, within a zone of maximum temperature. The silicon substrate may then be cooled rapidly in a zone in order to avoid hydrogen effusion. The silicon substrate may then be maintained, for example in a zone within a temperature range of from 230° C. to 450° C. for a period of, for example, at least 10 seconds. The previously introduced hydrogen may thereby assume an advantageous bond state. At the same time or subsequently, a regeneration may be carried out by generating excess minority charge carriers in the substrate at a temperature of at least 90° C., preferably at least 230° C.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compounds according to general formula (I), pharmaceutical compositions comprising compounds according to general formula (I) and the use of the compounds for the treatment of a bacterial infection, particularly for use as an antibiotic.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compounds according to general formula (I), pharmaceutical compositions comprising compounds according to general formula (I) and the use of the compounds for the treatment of a bacterial infection, particularly for use as an antibiotic.

Abstract: A printable medium is proposed, such as can be used, for example, during the production of metal contacts for silicon solar cells which are covered with a passivation layer on a surface of a silicon substrate. A corresponding production method and a correspondingly produced solar cell are also disclosed. The printable medium contains at least one medium that etches the passivation layer and metal particles such as nickel particles, for example. By locally applying the printable medium to the passivation layer and subsequent heating, the passivation layer can be opened locally with the aid of the etching medium. As a result, the nickel particles can form a mechanical and electrical contact with the substrate surface, preferably with the formation of a nickel silicide layer. The printable medium and the production method made possible therewith are cost-effective owing to the use of nickel particles, for example, and allow both good electrical contact and avoidance of undesirable high-temperature steps.

Abstract: A method is presented for producing a silicon solar cell with a back-etched emitter preferably with a selective emitter and a corresponding solar cell. According to one aspect, the method comprises the following method steps: producing a two-dimensionally extending emitter at an emitter surface of a solar cell substrate; applying an etching barrier onto first partial zones of the emitter surface; etching the emitter surface in second partial zones of the emitter surface not covered by the etching barrier; removing the etching barrier; and producing metal contacts at the first partial zones. During the method, especially during the etching of the emitter surface in the second partial zones, a porous silicon layer is advantageously produced, which is then oxidized. This oxidized porous silicon layer can subsequently be etched away together with any phosphorus glass that may be present.