Abstract: A method of preparing an ionic conducting gel in solid form, known as ionogel. The method includes a step of mixing an ionic liquid with at least one molecular precursor containing at least one hydrolyzable group, if necessary in the presence of an acid, such as a carboxylic acid. The mixture is subsequently left to stand for one or more days until a gel is formed by polycondensation of the molecular precursor(s). The gel contains the aforementioned ionic liquid and can be set, in particular in transparent monolithic solid form.

Abstract: Provided herein are compounds, compositions and methods for the treatment of liver disorder, including HCV and/or HBV infections. Specifically, compound and compositions of nucleoside derivatives are disclosed, which can be administered either alone or in combination with other anti-viral agents.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compounds, compositions and methods for the treatment of a host infected with a hepatitis B virus. Specifically, compound and compositions of 3?-esters of 2?-deoxy-?-L-pyrimidine nucleosides are disclosed, which can be administered either alone or in combination with other anti-hepatitis B agents. Compound and compositions of 3?,5?-diesters of 2?-deoxy-?-L-pyrimidine nucleosides are also disclosed, which can be administered either alone or in combination with other anti-hepatitis B agents.

Abstract: The 3?-L-valine ester of ?-D-2?-C-methyl-ribofuranosyl cytidine provides superior results against flaviviruses and pestiviruses, including hepatitis C virus. Based on this discovery, compounds, compositions, methods and uses are provided for the treatment of flaviviridae, including HCV, that include the administration of an effective amount of val-mCyd or its salt, ester, prodrug or derivative, optionally in a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier. In an alternative embodiment, val-mCyd is used to treat any virus that replicates through an RNA-dependent RNA polymerase.

Abstract: An electrode for an alkali fuel cell comprises an active layer formed by a bilayer or by a stack of a plurality of bilayers. Each bilayer is composed of a catalytic layer comprising catalyst particles of nanometric size and of a porous layer comprising two opposite faces one of which is in contact with the catalytic layer. The porous layer is made from a porous composite material comprising a hydroxide ion conducting polymer matrix in which a metallic lattice is formed constituting a plurality of electronically conducting paths connecting the two opposite faces of the porous layer. Advantageously, fabrication of such an electrode is obtained by successively performing vacuum deposition of the catalyst particles and vacuum co-deposition of the hydroxide ion conducting polymer and of the metal on a free surface of a support.

Abstract: The invention relates to organophosphorus compounds comprising a polysulfide bridge, to their process of preparation and to their use as coupling agent between an inorganic or metal filler and an elastomer. The compounds correspond to the formula (I) (RO)2?tR1tP(O)—Ox—(CH2)y—Sz—(CH2)y—Ox—P(O) (OR)2?tR1t in which R represents a hydrogen , an alkyl, an aryl, a trialkylsilyl, a trialkylamino or an alkali metal; R1 represents an alkyl or an aryl; x is 0 or 1; y is an integer from 1 to 22, preferably from 2 to 4; z is equal or larger than 3, t is 0 or 1.

Abstract: The invention relates to a peptide of formula W-DPhe-Arg-Z (I) and to a conjugate thereof of a formula A-W-DPhe-Arg-Z (II), wherein A is a radical corresponding to a nionocarboxylic acid of general formula HOOC—R (III), wherein R is an linear or branched possibly substituted by a hydroxy group aliphatic C1-C24 radical which can comprise one or several unsaturations, preferably from 1 to 6 unsaturations, a lipoic acid or the reduced form thereof, a dihydrolipoic acid, N-lipoyl-lysine or a phenylbutyric acid, W is His, Ala-His, Ala-Ala-His, Nle-Ala-His, DTrp-Ala-His, Nle-Trp-His, Lys, Ala-Lys, Nle-Ala-Lys, Orn, Ala-Orn, Nle-Ala-Orn, Ala, Nle-Ala-Ala, Arg, Ala-Arg.

Abstract: This invention is directed to a method for treating a host infected with hepatitis B comprising administering an effective amount of an anti-HBV biologically active 2?-deoxy-?-L-erythro-pentofuranonucleoside or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or prodrug thereof, wherein the 2?-deoxy-?-L-erythro-pentofuranonucleoside has the formula: wherein R is selected from the group consisting of H, straight chained, branched or cyclic alkyl, CO-alkyl, CO-aryl, CO-alkoxyalkyl, CO-aryloxyalkyl, CO-substituted aryl, alkylsulfonyl, arylsulfonyl, aralkylsulfonyl, amino acid residue, mono, di, or triphosphate, or a phosphate derivative; and BASE is a purine or pyrimidine base which may be optionally substituted. The 2?-deoxy-?-L-erythro-pentofuranonucleoside or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or prodrug thereof may be administered either alone or in combination with another 2?-deoxy-?-L-erythro-pentofuranonucleoside or in combination with another anti-hepatitis B agent.

Abstract: This invention is directed to a method for treating a host infected with hepatitis B comprising administering an effective amount of an anti-HBV biologically active 2?-deoxy-?-L-erythro-pentofuranonucleoside or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or prodrug thereof, wherein the 2?deoxy-?-L-erythro-pentofuranonucleoside has the formula: wherein R is selected from the group consisting of H, straight chained, branched or cyclic alkyl, CO-alkyl, CO-axyl, CO-alkoxyalkyl, CO-aryloxyalkyl, CO-substituted aryl, alkylsulfonyl, arylsulfonyl, aralkylsulfonyl, amino acid residue, mono, di, or triphosphate, or a phosphate derivative; and BASE is a purine or pyrimidine base which may be optionally substituted. The 2?-deoxy-?-L-erythro-pentofuranonucleoside or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or prodrug thereof may be administered either alone or in combination with another 2?-deoxy-?-L-erythro pentofuranonucleoside or in combination with another anti-hepatitis B agent.

Abstract: This invention is directed to a method for treating a host infected with hepatitis B comprising administering an effective amount of an anti-HBV biologically active 2?-deoxy-?-L-erythro-pentofuranonucleoside or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or prodrug thereof, wherein the 2?-deoxy-?-L-erythro-pentofuranonucleoside has the formula: wherein R is selected from the group consisting of H, straight chained, branched or cyclic alkyl, CO-alkyl, CO-aryl, CO-alkoxyalkyl, CO-aryloxyalkyl, CO-substituted aryl, alkylsulfonyl, arylsulfonyl, aralkylsulfonyl, amino acid residue, mono, di, or triphosphate, or a phosphate derivative; and BASE is a purine or pyrimidine base which may be optionally substituted. The 2?-deoxy-?-L-eythro-pentofuranonucleoside or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or prodrug thereof may be administered either alone or in combination with another 2?-deoxy-?-L-erythro pentofuranonucleoside or in combination with another anti-hepatitis B agent.

Abstract: The invention relates to a structure usable in electronic, optical or optoelectronic engineering which comprises a substantially crystalline layer made of an alloy consisting of at least one element of the column II of the periodic elements system and/or at least one element of the column IV of the periodic elements system and of N2 (said alloy being noted N-IV-N2), wherein said structure also comprises an InN layer. A method for producing an indium nitride thereof for indium nitride growth are also disclosed.

Abstract: This invention is directed to a method for treating a host infected with hepatitis B comprising administering an effective amount of an anti-HBV biologically active 2?-deoxy-?-L-erythro-pentofuranonucleoside or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or prodrug thereof, wherein the 2?-deoxy-?-L-erythro-pentofuranonucleoside has the formula: wherein R is selected from the group consisting of H, straight chained, branched or cyclic alkyl, CO-alkyl, CO-aryl, CO-alkoxyalkyl, CO-aryloxyalkyl, CO-substituted aryl, alkylsulfonyl, arylsulfonyl, aralkylsulfonyl, amino acid residue, mono, di, or triphosphate, or a phosphate derivative; and BASE is a purine or pyrimidine base which may be optionally substituted. The 2?-deoxy-?-L-erythro-pentofuranonucleoside or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or prodrug thereof may be administered either alone or in combination with another 2?-deoxy-?-L-erythro-pentofuranonucleoside or in combination with another anti-hepatitis B agent.

Abstract: This invention is directed to a method for treating a host infected with hepatitis B comprising administering an effective amount of an anti-HBV biologically active 2?-deoxy-?-L-erythro-pentofuranonucleoside or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or prodrug thereof, wherein the 2?-deoxy-?-L-erythro-pentofuranonucleoside has the formula: wherein R is selected from the group consisting of H, straight chained, branched or cyclic alkyl, CO-alkyl, CO-aryl, CO-alkoxyalkyl, CO-aryloxyalkyl, CO-substituted aryl, alkylsulfonyl, arylsulfonyl, aralkylsulfonyl, amino acid residue, mono, di, or triphosphate, or a phosphate derivative; and BASE is a purine or pyrimidine base which may be optionally substituted. The 2?-deoxy-?-L-erythro-pentofuranonucleoside or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or prodrug thereof may be administered either alone or in combination with another 2?-deoxy-?-L-erythro-pentofuranonucleoside or in combination with another anti-hepatitis B agent.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compounds, compositions and methods for the treatment of a host infected with a hepatitis B virus. Specifically, compound and compositions of 3?-esters of 2?-deoxy-?-L-nucleosides are disclosed, which can be administered either alone or in combination with other anti-hepatitis B agents. Compound and compositions of 3?,5?-diesters of 2?-deoxy-?-L-nucleosides are disclosed, which can be administered either alone or in combination with other anti-hepatitis B agents, are also disclosed.

Abstract: This invention is directed to a method for treating a host infected with hepatitis B comprising administering an effective amount of an anti-HBV biologically active 2′-deoxy-&bgr;-L-erythro-pentofuranonucleoside or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or prodrug thereof, wherein the 2′-deoxy-&bgr;-L-erythro-pentofuranonucleoside has the formula: 1

Abstract: A method for peptide synthesis using an N-?N'-nitroso-(R')carbamoyl!amino acid as the starting compound. The compound is separated into N.sub.2, R'OH and N-carboxyanhydride of formula (II). ##STR1## The compound (II) together with an amino acid or peptide with at least one free .alpha.-amino function is introduced into a reactive medium to obtain a dipeptide or a higher peptide than the added peptide.