Abstract: The measurement of the wavelength shifts in the reflectometric interference spectra of a porous semiconductor substrate such as silicon, make possible the highly sensitive detection, identification and quantification of small analyte molecules. The sensor of the subject invention is effective in detecting multiple layers of biomolecular interactions, termed “cascade sensing”, including sensitive detection of small molecule recognition events that take place relatively far from the semiconductor surface.

Abstract: Hemodynamic forces play a key role in inducing 2, theroscler-osis-implicated gene in Vascular endothelial cells. To ellcitate the signal transduction pathway leading to such gene expression, the effects of fluid shearing on the activities of upstream signaling molecules is reported here. Fluid shearing (shear stress=12 dynes/cm2) induced a transient and rapid activation of p21ras and preferentially activated c-jun NH2 terminal kinases (JNK 1, 2) over extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERK-1, -2). Co-transfection of RasNI7, a dominant negative mutant of Ha-Ras, attenuated the shear-activated JNK and luciferase reporters driven by TPA-responsive elements. JNIK(K-R) and MEKK(K-M), the respective catalytically inactive mutants of JNKI and MEKK, also partially inhibited the shear-induced luciferase reporters. In contrast, Raf301, ERK(K71R), and ERK(K52R), the dominant negative mutants of Raf-1, ERK-1, and ERK-2, respectively, had little effects on the activities of these reporters.

Abstract: The measurement of the wavelength shifts in the reflectometric interference spectra of a porous semiconductor substrate such as silicon, make possible the highly sensitive detection, identification and quantification of small analyte molecules. The sensor of the subject invention is effective in detecting multiple layers of biomolecular interactions, termed “cascade sensing”, including sensitive detection of small molecule recognition events that take place relatively far from the semiconductor surface.

Abstract: A cementitious wall is externally reinforced against out-of-plane or in-plane seismic forces using an overlying layer of composite material, preferably a carbon-fiber/polymer matrix composite material. To externally reinforce the wall against out-of-plane forces, the composite material is applied to the wall as an overlay with the fibers extending vertically. At the base of the wall, the composite overlay is tied to the horizontal building structure using right-angle ties spaced-apart along the foot of the wall. The composite overlay may either be structurally tied to intervening floor structures using right-angle ties, or it may be structurally isolated from the intervening floor structures using flat-tie pass throughs. To externally reinforce the wall against in-plane horizontal forces, the composite material is applied to the wall as an overlay with the fibers running only horizontally.

Abstract: A concrete-filled fiber-reinforced structural member comprising a concrete core encased in a lightweight fiber-reinforced composite shell formed by winding polymer impregnated high-strength filaments. The fibers are arranged for optimal strength and may be tailored for a specific requirement. The shell structure is durable, chemically inert, and adaptable to a variety of civil engineering applications. A plurality of composite structural members can be connected via connectors to form complex space frame structures such as industrial support structures, bridges, buildings and the like.

Abstract: A glioblastoma derived angiogenesis inhibiting factor is described. The material is induced in presence of wild type p53, but not by several mutated forms of p53. Various uses of the material are described.