Abstract: There is provided a fuel cell cathode electrode, comprising a porous skeletal medium, the surface of which medium is modified or otherwise arranged or constructed to induce enhanced activated behaviour, wherein the enhanced activated behaviour is induced by means of increasing the surface area for a given volume of the electrode and/or by increasing the number and/or availability of reactive sites on the electrode. A fuel cell having such a cathode electrode, a method of manufacturing such a cathode electrode, and use of such a cathode electrode in a fuel cell is also disclosed.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
June 22, 2012
Date of Patent:
January 21, 2020
Assignee:
University of Chester
Inventors:
Andy Creeth, Nick Baynes, Andy Potter, Craig P. Dawson, Clare Louise Downs
Abstract: A device for generating bubbles, comprising a porous material having at least one hydrophilic surface (1), arranged such that a liquid (7) in which the bubbles (6) are intended to be formed may contact the hydrophilic surface (1) and at least one hydrophobic surface (2), arranged such that a gas (5) used to generate the bubbles (6) may flow past the hydrophobic surface (2) before it flows past the hydrophilic surface (1). The device may be used for creating fine bubbles in numerous applications, such as wastewater treatment, plant cultivation, aquafarming, aeration systems, bioreactors, fermeters, oil extraction or fuel cells.
Abstract: The present invention relates to a redox fuel cell comprising an anode and a cathode separated by an ion selective polymer electrolyte membrane; means for supplying a fuel to the anode region of the cell; means for supplying an oxidant to the cathode region of the cell; means for providing an electrical circuit between the anode and the cathode; a non-volatile catholyte solution flowing in fluid communication with the cathode, the catholyte solution comprising a polyoxometallate redox couple being at least partially reduced at the cathode in operation of the cell, and at least partially re-generated by reaction with the oxidant in a regeneration zone after such reduction at the cathode, the catholyte solution further comprising one or more vanadium species that result from the speciation of the polyoxometallate at an elevated temperature and/or pressure, wherein the polyoxometallate is represented by the formula: Xa[ZbMcOd] wherein X is selected from hydrogen, alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, ammonium,
Type:
Grant
Filed:
June 25, 2014
Date of Patent:
November 5, 2019
Assignee:
University of Chester
Inventors:
David Lee Rochester, Matthew Alexander Herbert, Andrew Martin Creeth
Abstract: This invention provides a redox fuel cell comprising an anode and a cathode separated by an ion selective polymer electrolyte membrane; means for supplying a fuel to the anode region of the cell; means for supplying an oxidant to the cathode region of the cell; means for providing an electrical circuit between the anode and the cathode; a non-volatile catholyte solution flowing in fluid communication with the cathode, the catholyte solution comprising a polyoxometallate redox couple being at least partially reduced at the cathode in operation of the cell, and at least partially re-generated by reaction with the oxidant after such reduction at the cathode, the catholyte solution further comprising vanadium species that result from the speciation of the polyoxometallate at an elevated temperature and/or pressure.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
June 25, 2013
Date of Patent:
June 18, 2019
Assignee:
University of Chester
Inventors:
Kathryn Jane Knuckey, Andrew Martin Creeth, Nicholas de Brissac Baynes, David Rochester, Brian Clarkson
Abstract: A composition comprising a polyoxometalate and an additive tolerant to the properties of the polyoxometalate, wherein the properties of the polyoxometalate are maintained despite the presence of the additive, and wherein the additive is effective to reduce the freezing point and/or elevate the boiling point of the composition. Such a composition may be used in a fuel cell.
Abstract: Therapeutic applications, such as prevention, treatment and supplementation, for the use of novel and other thiolatocobalamins to protect human cells against the effects of oxidative stress. In particular, this invention relates to the use of a novel synthetic thiolatocobalamin, N-acetyl-L-cysteinylcobalamin (NACCbl) to protect animal cells against oxidative stress damage. This invention also relates to the use of thiolatocobalamins, such as NACCbl, in lieu of current, commercially available forms of vitamin B12 for the treatment and prevention of conditions associated with oxidative stress damage and for dietary supplementation.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
September 20, 2007
Date of Patent:
October 12, 2010
Assignees:
Kent State University, University of Chester
Inventors:
Nicola E. Brasch, Catherine Stephanie Birch, John Henry Howatson Williams