Abstract: DLOS and reflected signal components of an RF carrier signal are received. The reflected component is reflected from a point on the surface of the earth. The DLOS and reflected components are converted to digital DLOS IF and reflected IF signals, respectively. Modeled parameters are generated using the digital DLOS IF signal and locations of one or more antennas, the transmitter, and the point. A reference signal is generated based on the modeled parameters. The reference signal is correlated with the digital reflected IF signal to produce in-phase and quadrature-phase correlation results. A C/N0 and an estimated phase (EP) are calculated for the digital reflected IF signal from the correlation results. A KF is applied to the EP to produce an estimated filter phase (EFP). The KF is adapted to filter the EP using the estimated C/N0 to reduce cycle slips and noise in the EFP.

Abstract: The present invention includes light-controlled and light-independent neurotoxin systems and methods for using such neurotoxin systems for rapidly and locally silencing distinct populations of neurons.

Abstract: An intraocular drug delivery platform including a ring having an anterior surface and a posterior surface opposite the anterior surface, a central aperture formed by the ring, a first haptic coupled to and extending outwards from the ring, a second haptic coupled to and extending outwards from the ring, a first drug eluting mass operably coupled to the anterior surface of the ring, and a second drug eluting mass operably coupled to the anterior surface of the ring and positioned directly opposite of the first drug eluting mass.

Abstract: Provided is a method, and pharmaceutical composition, to treat or prevent cyanide poisoning and/or methylmercaptan poisoning comprising administering to a subject in need an effective amount of tetrathionate by intramuscular injection or by intranasal administration. Also provided is a method for detecting the presence of tetrathionate in a sample by reacting it with cyanide and measuring the resulting thiocyanate with ferric nitrate.

Abstract: Described herein are devices incorporating Casimir cavities, which modify the quantum vacuum mode distribution within the cavities. The Casimir cavities can create energy differences within layers or device to drive energy from or to a portion of a layer disposed adjacent to or contiguous with the Casimir cavity by modifying the quantum vacuum mode distribution incident on one portion of the layer to be different from the quantum vacuum mode distribution incident on another portion of the layer. Additionally, Casimir cavities in which the cavity layer comprises a conductor that can be used to carry a flow of electrical power induced by the presence of the Casimir cavity.

Abstract: A solid-state battery includes an anode material including silicon or tin. The anode material may include silicon and/or tin in various forms including layers or intermixed particles of various phases and crystallinity.

Abstract: Metal chelates, methods of making the metal chelate, electrolyte formulations comprising metal chelates, and electrochemical devices for energy storage using or including at least one metal chelate are disclosed. The disclosure also relates to a method to provide a metal to an electrolyte in a flow battery to plate an electrode while the electrode is in the battery.

Abstract: Modular IOL systems including a base and a lens, wherein the lens includes tabs for connection to the base. The modular IOL allows for the lens to be adjusted or exchanged while leaving the base in place, either intra-operatively or post-operatively.

Abstract: In some aspects, the present disclosure relates to switchable phase change material system (SPCMS). In some embodiments, dynamic, switchable phase change material systems allow building envelope assemblies to store energy from one side and release to the other side in order to reduce thermal loads and peak demands for both space heating and cooling. PCM layers can be coupled with thermal insulation layers to ensure heat does not transfer readily through the building envelope and thus increase thermal heating and cooling loads for the building. In some embodiments of the present disclosure, a combination of rotatable members comprised of PCM and insulation are switchable in position such that layers with PCM are switched from one side to the other without the need to maintain the thermal insulation within a building envelope.

Abstract: A device for photoexcitation of a photo-responsive material, such as a photochromic material, includes a pen-type housing having a UV lamp at one end and a visible light lamp at the other end. The device includes a microcontroller, a power supply, and an input device such as button, microphone, temperature sensor, or accelerometer. The beam width of the lamps can be adjusted by a lens adjacent to the respective lamps. The device is designed to photoexcite the photo-responsive material into various states depending on the type and wavelength of light emitted from the device. The device enables writing and erasing on a substrate, such as human skin, that contains or is embedded with the photo-responsive material, by exposing the material to light emitted from the device.

Abstract: Provided herein, in some embodiments, are methods and compositions for gene editing using a trackable gene library, for example, a barcoded and gene edited library.

Abstract: A method for determining soil moisture of a scene includes (i) generating a first antenna output in response to an upwelling thermal emission from the scene, (ii) generating a second antenna output in response to a downwelling thermal emission from sky above the scene, (iii) coupling the first antenna output and the second antenna output to yield a combined output having a quadrature phase difference between the first antenna output and the second antenna output, (iv) calculating a brightness-temperature difference based at least partially on the combined output, and (v) calculating a soil moisture based on soil-vegetation radiative transfer model using the brightness-temperature difference.

Abstract: A medical device is provided. The medical device includes a selectively strainable surface and a plurality of protrusions extending from the selectively strainable surface. One or more protrusions of the plurality of protrusions are configured to undergo a transformation including at least one of deformation and migration in response to a change in strain of the selectively strainable surface.

Abstract: A system for fine-scale, in-situ measurements of turbulence in the atmosphere is described. The system may be a balloon-borne instrument, performing measurements during slow descents from stratospheric altitudes, and may include at least some of onboard data compression, telemetry of data to a ground station, self-calibration, and data processing to extract turbulence parameters.

Abstract: Through discrimination of the scattered signal polarization state, a lidar system measures a distance through semi-transparent media by the reception of single or multiple scattered signals from a scattering medium. Combined and overlapped single or multiple scattered light signals from the medium can be separated by exploiting varying polarization characteristics. This removes the traditional laser and detector pulse width limitations that determine the system's operational bandwidth, translating relative depth measurements into the conditions of two surface timing measurements and achieving sub-pulse width resolution.

Abstract: Coagulation and fibrinolysis assays and related compositions, systems, methods, and kits are provided. In some embodiments, a coagulation and fibrinolysis assay may utilize one or more biological molecules. For instance, the assay may comprise combining a blood or blood-derived patient sample with the biological molecule(s) and measuring one or more properties of the sample associated with coagulation and/or fibrinolysis. The biological molecules may serve to shorten the assay duration and/or enhance the sensitivity of the assay relative to certain conventional assays. In certain embodiments, the biological molecules may allow pathological coagulation and/or fibrinolysis phenotypes to be elucidated. The coagulation and fibrinolysis assays described herein may be used for a wide variety of clinical and/or laboratory applications, including the diagnosis of certain coagulation and/or fibrinolysis disorders, such as trauma-induced coagulopathy and hyperfibrinolysis.

Abstract: A time-to-frequency converter transforms an initial single-photon pulse into a transformed pulse such that the temporal waveform of the initial pulse is mapped to the spectrum of the transformed pulse. The time-to-frequency converter includes a dispersive optical element followed by a time lens. The spectrum of the transformed pulse is then measured to determine the arrival time of the initial pulse. The spectrum can be measured using a photon-counting spectrometer that spatially disperses the transformed pulse onto an single-photon detector array. Alternatively, an additional dispersive element can be used with the time-to-frequency converter to implement a time magnifier. The arrival time of the resulting time-magnified pulse can then be measured using time-correlated single-photon counting. This arrival time can then be divided by the magnification factor of the time magnifier to obtain the arrival time of the initial pulse.

Abstract: Disclosed are cellulose-based flexible gels containing cellulose nanorods, ribbons, fibers, and the like, and cellulose-enabled inorganic or polymeric composites, wherein the gels have tunable optical, heat transfer, and stiffness properties. The disclosed gels are in the form of hydrogels, organogels, liquid-crystal (LC) gels, and aerogels, depending on the solvents in the gels.