Abstract: 4-Hydroxyphenyl-2H-indazol-5-ol compounds are estrogen receptor beta ligands that have immunomodulatory properties and increase oligodendrocyte survival, differentiation, and remyelination. The compounds, compositions, and kits are useful in the treatment of multiple sclerosis and endometriosis.

Abstract: Imidazotetrazines were designed to evade resistance by O6-methylguanine DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) while retaining suitable hydrolytic stability, allowing for effective prodrug activation and biodistribution. One compound, called TABZ, exhibits activity against cancer cells irrespective of MGMT expression and MMR status. TABZ has comparable blood-brain barrier penetrance and comparable hematological toxicity relative to TMZ, while also matching its maximum tolerated dose (MTD) in mice when dosed once-per-day over five days. The activity of TABZ is independent of the two principal mechanisms suppressing the effectiveness of TMZ, making it a promising new candidate for the treatment of GBM, especially those that are TMZ resistant.

Abstract: Patches configured to hold an oncogenic cargo and deliver the cargo in a controlled manner to a predetermined location of a specified tissue are disclosed. As one example, a patch can comprise a base layer configured to adhere to a predetermined location of a tissue and a hydrogel layer. The hydrogel layer can comprise a plurality of microchannels that are configured to store and release a gene-modifying vector over a time period and in a quantity sufficient to produce a somatic cell tumor through manipulation of the genome of somatic cells at the predetermined location.

Abstract: Provided herein are manipulators for handling fragile layers and related methods of handling using the manipulators. The manipulators comprise a contact surface with thermally responsive recess features and a microelectric heater in thermal contact with the contact surface. In this manner, the manipulator is an electrothermal manipulator, with changes in temperature providing a contact force to pick-up a transferable layer material and a release force to facilitate release of the transferable from the manipulator.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to a re-writable DNA-based digital storage system with a random access feature. An example embodiment includes reading a physical nucleotide sequence of 2n+L bases to form a digital representation of the physical nucleotide sequence; dividing the digital representation of the physical nucleotide sequence into an address representation of n bases, followed by a data representation of L bases, followed by a further address representation of n bases; decoding the data representation into an integer value less than 3L that is a sum of a first addend and a second addend, wherein the data representation includes a first subsequence of bases encoding the first addend followed by a second subsequence of bases encoding the second addend; and storing, in a computer memory, the integer value.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are instruments and related methods for measuring oxidative potential (OP) in airborne particulates, particularly PM2.5. The instrument is formed from three main components: a sample injector, a sample incubator and a measurement system. The instrument provides an automatic measure of five OP endpoints in a relatively rapid time frame of less than 3 hours. In this manner, additional parameters beyond the gross particle concentration or mass per unit volume is obtained, including the biologically-relevant OP associated with PM2.5.

Abstract: Provided herein are compounds that inhibit a binding interaction between a ? integrin and a G protein subunit, as well as compositions, e.g., pharmaceutical compositions, comprising the same, and related kits. In some embodiments, the compound is an antibody or antibody analog, and, in other embodiments, the compound is a peptide or peptide analog. Also provided are methods of using the compounds, including methods of treating or preventing a medical condition, such as stroke, heart attack, cancer, or inflammation.

Abstract: Here we show that P. ananatis produces at least three phosphonates, two of which were purified and structurally characterized. The first, designated pantaphos, was shown to be 2-(hydroxy(phosphono)methyl)maleate; the second, a probable biosynthetic precursor, was shown to be 2-(phosphonomethyl)maleate. Purified pantaphos is both necessary and sufficient for the hallmark lesions of onion center rot. Moreover, when tested against mustard seedlings, the phytotoxic activity of pantaphos was comparable to the widely used herbicides glyphosate and phosphinothricin. Pantaphos was also active against a variety of human cell lines.

Abstract: This disclosure relates to methods for modulating activity of a cell capable of being activated by light and treating diseases with such methods. The disclosure also provides systems suitable for use in such methods, particularly systems having silicon nanostructures.

Abstract: In some embodiments, a method of encoding a set of information bits to produce a codeword that encodes the set of information bits for reliable communication is provided. The set of information bits is received. The set of information bits are provided to a plurality of permutation layers separated by neural network processing layers. Each permutation layer accepts an input vector and generates a reordered output vector that is a reordering of the input vector. Each neural network processing layer accepts a vector of input values and generates a vector of output values based on a non-linear function of the vector of input values. The reordered output vector of a final permutation layer of the plurality of permutation layers is provided as the codeword. In some embodiments, a corresponding method of decoding a codeword to retrieve a set of information bits is provided.

Abstract: Disclosed are sinus irrigation compositions and pre-mix compositions comprising a Lactobacillales bacterium such as Lactobacillus sakei and kits containing the same. Also provided are methods of treating sinusitis in a subject by administering to the subject an effective amount of a composition comprising a Lactobacillales bacterium such as Lactobacillus sakei.

Abstract: Aspects of the subject disclosure may include, for example, determining, at a slower time-scale, inner layer weights of an inner layer of a deep neural network; providing periodically to an outer layer of the deep neural network from the inner layer, a feature vector based upon the inner layer weights; and determining, at a faster time-scale, outer layer weights of the outer layer, wherein the outer layer weights are determined in accordance with a Model Reference Adaptive Control (MRAC) update law that is based upon the feature vector from the inner layer, and wherein the outer layer weights are determined more frequently than the inner layer weights. Other embodiments are disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods for inhibiting the formation of ice on a surface, reducing contact line pinning at a water-solid interface, inhibiting the transition of water from a vapor state to a solid state (i.e., desublimation), and decreasing adhesion of a substance to a surface, which methods comprise, in various aspects, applying to a surface one or more phase change materials where the phase change materials have a melting point above a temperature at which ice formation occurs on the surface. Anti-icing compositions are further provided.

Abstract: A structural component for a vehicle includes a component including an interior surface defining a first hollow passage and a structural reinforcement contacting the interior surface of the component. The structural reinforcement and component define a cross-section and the structural reinforcement partially fills the cross-section. A process for forming the structural component including inserting a bladder into the first hollow passage defined by the interior surface of the component and inflating the bladder in the first hollow passage, forming a cavity between the bladder and the interior surface, filling the cavity with a polymer resin, and foaming the polymer resin. A system for forming a structural component for a vehicle includes a component including a first hollow passage defined by an interior surface of the component, a bladder insertable into the first hollow passage of the component, and a supply line connected to an interior of the bladder.

Abstract: The post-translational modification (PTM) and signaling molecule poly(ADP-ribose) (PAR) has an impact on diverse biological processes. PTM is regulated by a series of ADP-ribosyl glycohydrolases (PARG enzymes) that cleave polymers and/or liberate monomers from their protein targets. Disclosed herein is a substrate for monitoring PARG activity, TFMU-ADPr, which directly reports on total PAR hydrolase activity via release of a fluorophore; this substrate has excellent reactivity, generality, stability, and usability. A second substrate, TFMU-IDPr, selectively reports on PARG activity only from the enzyme ARH3. Use of these probes in whole-cell lysate experiments has revealed a mechanism by which ARH3 is inhibited by cholera toxin. TFMU-ADPr and TFMU-IDPr are versatile tools for assessing small-molecule inhibitors in vitro and probing the regulation of ADP-ribosyl catabolic enzymes.

Abstract: Provided herein are polymers having a polymer backbone including a zwitterionic precursor monomeric unit having a secondary or tertiary amine in the polymer backbone, as well as methods of making and using the same.

Abstract: New synthetic methods to provide access to previously unexplored functionality at the C8 position of substituted imidazo[5,1-d][1,2,3,5]tetrazines of Formula I. Through synthesis and evaluation of a suite of compounds with a range of aqueous stabilities (from 0.5 to 40 hours), a predictive model for imidazotetrazine hydrolytic stability based on the Hammett constant of the C8 substituent was derived. Promising compounds were identified that possess activity against a panel of GBM cell lines, appropriate hydrolytic and metabolic stability, and brain-to-serum ratios dramatically elevated relative to TMZ, leading to lower hematological toxicity profiles and superior activity to TMZ in a mouse model of GBM.

Abstract: The present application is directed to a method and system for restraining a patient before, during, or after surgery that increases efficiency of the surgical setup process and minimizes risk of musculoskeletal damage to the patient, particularly in surgeries requiring a patient to be in a Trendelenburg position (e.g., robotic or laparoscopic surgeries). One or more restraints can be worn by a patient prior to surgery', and may function to redistribute the patient's weight across the patient's torso to reduce strain on the patient's shoulders and back. The restraint(s) can be attached to a surgical table by way of an attachment mechanism coupled to the restraint(s) and the table. The attachment mechanism can secure the patient to the table by way of one or more straps, clips, and/or other intermediates. Optionally, the restraint(s) can fulfill other surgical needs, such as heat regulation and vascular compression.

Abstract: Disclosed are broccoli plant extracts and nutraceuticals including the same that have increased levels of anti-inflammatory chemicals. Also provided are exosomal preparations containing the broccoli plant extracts and nutraceuticals as well as methods of using the broccoli plant extracts and nutraceuticals for treating inflammation and treating or reducing the risk of cancer recurrence in a subject.

Abstract: Embodiments are provided for determining simulated optical microscopy images of formalin-fixed paraffin embedded (FFPE) stained tissue samples from stimulated Raman scattering microscopy (SRSM) images of frozen tissue samples. These embodiments include applying the SRSM images to a first generative model to generate simulated optical microscopy images of thawed, stained tissue samples corresponding to the SRS imaged tissue samples. The simulated optical microscopy images are then applied to a second generative model to generate simulated FFPE microscopy images of the frozen tissue samples.