Abstract: Apparatus for inspection of a fluid comprising: a channel portion, the channel portion having a channel inlet and a channel outlet separate from the channel inlet; a piezoelectric sensor element provided at a sensor position of the channel and arranged to contact fluid flowing through the channel portion from said channel inlet to said channel outlet, the apparatus being configured to determine a difference value being a value corresponding to a difference between a resonant frequency of oscillation of said piezoelectric element at a given moment in time and a reference resonant frequency.

Abstract: The present invention provides a composition for use in the production of a construction element, said composition comprising a vegetable oil and a graded aggregate having a maximum aggregate particle size of around 15 mm and/or an aggregate porosity of greater than 5%. Construction elements produced using the composition are described. There is further provided a structural element comprising at least partially cured vegetable oil and an aggregate. A method for producing a construction element is provided comprising mixing partially cured vegetable oil with an aggregate and then further curing said vegetable oil within said mixture.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an electrode composed of an Al-M-Cu based alloy, to a process for preparing the Al-M-Cu based alloy, to an electrolytic cell comprising the electrode, to the use of an Al-M-Cu based alloy as an anode and to a method for extracting a reactive metal from a reactive metal-containing source using an Al-M-Cu based alloy as an anode.

Abstract: The present invention is concerned with a dye system for application to a substrate, the dye system comprising: (a) at least one dye precursor; (b) an oxidising agent; and (c) a catalyst, wherein the catalyst is a homogeneous catalyst or a heterogeneous catalyst. Preferably, the catalyst comprises at least one metal-containing compound. The invention also envisages a method for the coloration of a substrate, the method comprising treating the substrate with the dye system of the invention. In preferred embodiments of the invention, the substrate comprises human hair, natural or synthetic polymers, or textile fibres. In further preferred embodiments, the at least one dye precursor is an organic precursor, the at least one metal derivative for use as a catalyst comprises at least one inorganic metal compound or at least one metal complex comprising at least one organic ligand, and the oxidising agent is hydrogen peroxide.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an electrode composed of an Al-M-Cu based alloy, to a process for preparing the Al-M-Cu based alloy, to an electrolytic cell comprising the electrode the use of an Al-M-Cu based alloy as an anode and to a method for extracting a reactive metal from a reactive metal-containing source using an Al-M-Cu based alloy as an anode.

Abstract: A method and apparatus is disclosed for ejecting material. The ejected material is ejected as liquid and liquid vapour via an explosive process which can provide a very fast ejection as well as an ejection which has a large throw.

Abstract: A method for measuring an absorption characteristic of a sample comprises: providing a microstrip waveguide comprising a ground plane, an elongate conductive strip having a first end and a second end, and a dielectric substrate separating the ground plane from the elongate strip such that the strip extends from its first end to its second end in a plane substantially parallel to the ground plane; emitting electromagnetic radiation from a first intermediate position along the microstrip waveguide, said first intermediate position being a position between the first and second ends of the strip, such that said radiation propagates along the waveguide in a direction towards the second end; positioning a sample at a position external to the microstrip waveguide and between the first intermediate position and a second intermediate position along the microstrip waveguide, the second intermediate position being a position between the first intermediate position and the second end, such that at least a portion of the

Abstract: Electrical impedance tomography (EIT) data processing system, for acquiring and processing data from two-phase flows, comprising a dual-plane sensor, a plurality of digital signal processing modules configured in a data pipeline processing arrangement and a plurality of data acquisition subsystems in communication with a first one of said digital signal processing modules.

Abstract: A composition for use in the production of a construction element, said composition including an aggregate and a glycerol binder. Construction elements produced using the composition are described. There is further provided a structural element comprising glycerol and an aggregate. A method for producing a construction element is provided including mixing glycerol with an aggregate in the presence of an aqueous medium and then curing said glycerol within said mixture.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for determining the extent of electrochemical extraction of a metal (M) from a metal (M) oxide caused by a voltage applied between a cathode comprising (or consisting essentially of) or in contact with the metal (M) oxide and an inert metal alloy anodein an oxygen-dissolving molten electrolyte.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for electrochemical extraction of a metal (M) from a metal (M) oxide, to a conducting electrode and to an electrolytic cell comprising the conducting electrode.

Abstract: The present invention relates to microcapsules and methods for the production of microcapsules using sterically stabilized colloidal particles wherein the microcapsule comprises a core and a shell and wherein the shell comprises a layer of sterically stabilised colloidal particles and is characterized by the fact that the microcapsule has a mean size from 1 to 100 microns.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for the repair of damaged tissue present at or on the surface of bone in an animal, the method comprising forming a narrow groove around at least part of said damaged tissue, which groove extends into the bone below the damaged tissue, replacing the tissue around which the groove extends by at least one layer of biocompatible replacement material, and anchoring the material to the bone by the use of retaining means extending from the material into the groove; instruments for use in the repair of damaged tissue and kits comprising said instruments.

Abstract: Apparatus for inspection of a fluid comprising: a channel portion, the channel portion having a channel inlet and a channel outlet separate from the channel inlet; a piezoelectric sensor element provided at a sensor position of the channel and arranged to contact fluid flowing through the channel portion from said channel inlet to said channel outlet, the apparatus being configured to determine a difference value being a value corresponding to a difference between a resonant frequency of oscillation of said piezoelectric element at a given moment in time and a reference resonant frequency.

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods of isolating and enriching mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) comprising treating a tissue sample comprising cells and extracellular matrix with an amount of a collagenase that is sufficient to free MSCs from the extracellular matrix in a liquid medium and then isolating a fraction of the medium containing MSCs. The isolated MSCs can be isolated in surprisingly large numbers such that the fraction can have immediate use in a number of clinical contexts. This represents an advance of prior art techniques that either require the pooling of large volumes of sample tissues from different sources or require MSCs to be expanded in culture. The invention therefore further concerns the clinical use of cells isolated according to the methods of the first aspect of the invention.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of detecting a structural change in a molecule, said molecule being attached to a surface, said surface being electrically conductive, wherein the phase of the electrochemical impedance at said surface is monitored, and wherein a change in the phase in the electrochemical impedance at said surface indicates a change in the structure of said molecule. The invention further relates to methods for making arrays having molecules such as, polypeptides attached to electrically conductive surfaces such as electrodes, and to arrays.

Abstract: There is provided a bacteriophage capable of lysing a P. acnes bacterium and incapable of lysing a bacterium which is not P. acnes, and which is incapable of sustaining lysogeny in a bacterium. There is also provided a pharmaceutical composition comprising such a bacteriophage.

Abstract: The present invention seeks to improve beneficiation of a titanium oxide-containing composition (such as a low-grade or highly radioactive TiO2 ore) by combining a roasting and selective leaching steps.

Abstract: Color selection and display methods and devices in which colors can be displayed according to color harmony and color emotion and feedback obtained on color emotion and color harmony evoked by selected color and/or color combinations.

Abstract: A method for combining shape data from multiple views in a common co-ordinate system to define the 3-D shape and/or colour of an object, the method comprising: projecting one or more optical datum(s)/markers onto the object surface; projecting light over an area of the object surface; capturing light reflected from the surface; using the optical datum(s)/markers as reference points in multiple views of the object, and using the multiple views and the reference points to determine the shape of the object.