Abstract: Compounds comprising two human GlxI inhibitors covalently linked via a chemical linker are provided, wherein each of said two human GlxI inhibitors, which may be the same or different, is an S-substituted glutathione or an S-substituted glutathione prodrug, wherein said GlxI inhibitors each have a ?-glutamyl amino group, wherein said chemical linker is covalently bound to each GlxI inhibitor via said ?-glutamyl amino group, and wherein said chemical linker has a length of at least 50 Angstroms. Monovalent irreversible inactivators of human GlxI are also provided. An antineoplastic composition is provided, which comprises a compound described above and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier. In vitro and in vivo methods of preventing or inhibiting the growth and proliferation of neoplastic cells and/or tumors are also provided.

Abstract: A system and method for clock synchronization and position determination using entangled photon pairs is provided. The present invention relies on the measurement of the second order correlation function of entangled states. Photons from an entangled photon source travel one-way to the clocks to be synchronized. By analyzing photon registration time histories generated at each clock location, the entangled states allow for high accuracy clock synchronization as well as high accuracy position determination.

Abstract: The present invention relates to apparatus and methods for separating and detecting enzyme substrates using separation gels. For example, the apparatus and methods can be used to separate and detect kinase substrates for further analysis. The apparatus and methods can also be used to detect enzyme inhibitors, such as kinase inhibitors.

Abstract: Compounds linked to a solid support through a divalent linker moiety are disclosed. In particular, compounds such as 1-hydroxybenzotriazole-6-carboxylic acid are directly linked to the support under mild conditions (i.e., in aqueous or organic solvents at neutral pH and at room temperature). The polymer bound 1-hydroxybenzotriazole-6-carboxylic acid can be used for the derivatization of amines as well as for single step amino group modification of proteins, peptides, and amines via acylation or sulfonylation reactions. A flow through device and method for the single step amino group modifications of proteins, peptides, and amines is disclosed. Also disclosed is a flow through device for the detection of amines in a sample. Additionally, a device and method for the detection of amines in a sample using 1-hydroxybenzotriazole-6-carboxylic acid are disclosed. In a preferred embodiment, the device is used to detect the presence of amines in a spoiled meat product.

Abstract: A timing jitter measurement system and method is provided that acquires the timing jitter in an all-optical fashion, by extracting the timing jitter probability distribution function using auto-correlation and cross-correlation data. This makes the system and method of the present invention particularly useful for ultra-high bit rates, where power spectrum analysis cannot be applied. The resolution of the timing jitter measurement system and method is higher than the actual pulse width, and depends on the time resolution of the correlator. The system and method of the present invention facilitates the identification of deterministic or random timing jitters or combinations thereof, and therefore can be used to identify the origins of timing jitters within the optical network and to provide feedback to the optical network that can be used to actively control the timing jitter.

Abstract: Compounds linked to a solid support through a divalent linker moiety are disclosed. In particular, compounds such as 1-hydroxybenzotriazole-6-carboxylic acid are directly linked to the support under mild conditions (i.e., in aqueous or organic solvents at neutral pH and at room temperature). The polymer bound 1-hydroxybenzotriazole-6-carboxylic acid can be used for the derivatization of amines as well as for single step amino group modification of proteins, peptides, and amines via acylation or sulfonylation reactions. A flow through device and method for the single step amino group modifications of proteins, peptides, and amines is disclosed. Also disclosed is a flow through device for the detection of amines in a sample. Additionally, a device and method for the detection of amines in a sample using 1-hydroxybenzotriazole-6-carboxylic acid are disclosed. In a preferred embodiment, the device is used to detect the presence of amines in a spoiled meat product.

Abstract: The present application relates to apparatus for sampling and analysis of analytes in a liquid sample. A liquid sample is pre-concentrated using a chromatographic column prior to analysis via a two stage analysis apparatus. A high-performance liquid chromatography system with ultra violet detection may be used in conjunction with electrochemical detection for the analysis of environmental contaminants, including explosive residues. The present invention also provides for on-site analysis of such contaminants. The present invention also provides for methods of analyzing the components of a liquid sample, including methods for on-site analysis.

Abstract: The present invention provides ratiometric fluorescent pH sensors for non-invasive, continuous monitoring of pH in such applications as fermentation processes. The ratiometric fluorescent pH sensors comprise a fluorescent dye that exhibits a shift in excitation wavelength with a corresponding shift in pH in the local environment of said fluorescent dye. Ratiometric measurements of the emission intensities at dual excitation maxima correlate to pH. Also provided is a fluorescent dye 6-methacryloyl-8-hydroxy-1,3-pyrene disulfonic acid (MA-HPDS). Further provided are systems and methods to non-invasively and continuously monitor pH.

Abstract: The present invention relates to apparatus and methods for separating and detecting enzyme substrates using separation gels. For example, the apparatus and methods can be used to separate and detect kinase substrates for further analysis. The apparatus and methods can also be used to detect enzyme inhibitors, such as kinase inhibitors.

Abstract: A Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGA) design uses a Coordinate Rotation DIgital Computer (CORDIC) algorithm that can convert a Givens rotation of a vector to a set of shift-add operations. The CORDIC algorithm can be easily implemented in hardware architecture, therefore in FPGA. Since the computation of the inverse of the data correlation matrix involves a series of Givens rotations, the utility of the CORDIC algorithm allows a causal Constrained Energy Minimization (CEM) to perform real-time processing in FPGA. An FPGA implementation of the causal CEM is described and its detailed architecture is also described.

Abstract: Methods for evaluating the antiviral activity of test compounds are provided. Further aspects of the methods involve the retroviral capsid protein of HIV-1. In another aspect, methods of reducing mortality associated with AIDS with a compound that binds to the apical cleft near the C-terminal end of the N-terminal domain of the HIV-1 capsid protein are provided. Derivatives of CAP-1, CAP-2, CAP-3, CAP-4, CAP-5, CAP-6 and CAP-7 are described that bind to the apical cleft of the N-terminal domain of the HIV-1 capsid protein and inhibit proper assembly of the core particle.

Abstract: The present invention relates to apparatus and methods for separating and detecting enzyme substrates using separation gels. For example, the apparatus and methods can be used to separate and detect kinase substrates for further analysis. The apparatus and methods can also be used to detect enzyme inhibitors, such as kinase inhibitors.

Abstract: We present a method and instruction set, stored in a computer-readable medium, to annotate digitized images of text and/or graphics within a hypermedia “Wiki” environment for delivery across the world wide web. The method and instruction set comprise (1) a defined data structure for the digitized image object and associated metadata; (2) a three-piece integrated system for creating/editing these digital objects, viewing these digital objects and incorporating these objects into a wiki page.

Abstract: The present invention relates to apparatuses and methods for analyzing enzyme reactions, including, large, industrial-scale reactions. The methods allow for enzymatic reaction to be followed on-line in real-time, without the need for sample removal and without contamination. Furthermore, the methods provide for quantitative analysis of analytes of enzymatic reactions.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to homogeneous phase enzyme-catalyzed processes for producing modified chitosan polymers or oligomers. An enzyme is reacted with a phenolic substrate in the presence of a chitosan polymer or oligomer to produce a modified chitosan polymer or oligomer. The invention also includes modified chitosan polymers or oligomers produced by the novel processes, in particular modified chitosan polymers or oligomers having useful functional properties, such as base solubility and/or high viscosity.

Abstract: Provided herein is a reusable nano-imaging probe useful in surface enhanced Raman spectroscopic (SERS) applications demonstrating nanometer scale resolution. The nano-imaging probe generally comprises a fiber optic imaging bundle of fiber optic elements each having a tapered etched end and a non-tapered non-etched end. The tapered etched ends further comprise a SERS-active metal substrate deposited thereon effective to create a uniform SERS enhancement for an analyte or other substance of interest. Also provided is a SERS nanoimager for dynamic chemical imaging using the nano-imaging probe and methods of imaging and Raman spectral analysis and identification using the nano-imaging probe.

Abstract: Provided herein are dual- and multi-layer metal film over nanostructure substrates. These Dual-FON and Multi-FON SERS substrates comprise a rough nanostructured layer and two or more SERS-active metal film layers deposited thereon with a layer of dielectric between the metal film layers. Also provided is a method of increasing the intensity of a Raman signal during surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy using the SERS substrates and a method of fabricating these Dual- or Multi-FON SERS substrates.

Abstract: A compound linked to a solid support (R) through a divalent linker moiety (X) and which is represented by the following formula: is disclosed. In particular, the 1-hydroxybenzotriazole-6-carboxylic acid is directly linked to the support under mild conditions (i.e., in aqueous or organic solvents at neutral pH and at room temperature). The polymer bound 1-hydroxybenzotriazole-6-carboxylic acid can be used for the derivatization of amines as well as for single step amino group modification of proteins, peptides, and amines via acylation or sulfonylation reactions. A flow through device and method for the single step amino group modifications of proteins, peptides, and amines is disclosed. Also disclosed is a flow through device for the detection of amines in a sample. Additionally, a device and method for the detection of amines in a sample using 1-hydroxybenzotriazole-6-carboxylic acid is disclosed. In a preferred embodiment, the device is used to detect the presence of amines in a spoiled meat product.

Abstract: Gels and polymers comprising a polypeptide bound to a polysaccharide are disclosed. Specific polypeptides include, but are not limited to, polypeptides that comprise glutamine or tyrosine residues. Specific polysaccharides include, but are not limited to, chitosan. Gels and polymers of the invention can be used for the in vitro and in situ formation of protein-polysaccharide conjugates. Methods of making polypeptide/polysaccharide gels and polymers are also disclosed.

Abstract: An RF-lightwave transmitter performs successive conversions of an information-bearing input signal in order to generate an output signal suitable for transmission in a wireless communications system. The transmitter includes a high-efficiency FM laser connected to a FM discriminator. In operation, the laser converts an RF signal into a frequency-modulated optical signal, and the discriminator converts this signal into an amplitude-modulated optical signal. The discriminator performs its conversion using a high slope-efficiency linear transfer function which ensures that the AM optical signal varies in accordance with a desired operational performance. The transmitter also includes a photodiode which converts the AM signal output from the optical discriminator back into an RF signal for transmission. Experimental results demonstrated that a transmitter of this type is able to realize greater than 10 dB RF insertion gain at less than 0 dBm optical power, with a high spurious-free dynamic range and low noise.