Abstract: The present invention relates to systems and methods using microwave accelerated surface plasmonics for the detection of target species, wherein the system has a metallic surface and the system is exposed to microwave energy for increasing detection time and/or the reaction kinetics of the target species and other interacting participants in the system and wherein plasmonic emissions from the metallic surface alone or coupled with emissions from a luminescing entity are detected.

Abstract: Use of ubiquilin is described, including utilization for reducing fragmentation of presenilin 1 and 2 and to modulate ?-secretase components, Pen-2 and Nicastrin, as well as utilization for inducing increased levels of ubiquilin to reduce aggregation of polyglutamine expansion proteins known to cause cell toxicity and cell death in subjects suffering from neurodegenerative diseases, such as Huntington's and Alzheimer's diseases.

Abstract: A recombinant double stranded RNA (dsRNA) nucleocapsid useful for the expression of dsRNA expression cassettes encoding passenger genes, such as, but not restricted to, vaccine antigens, bioactive proteins, immunoregulatory proteins, antisense RNAs, and catalytic RNAs, replicates in bacterial hosts and includes a P8 protein shell and three dsRNA segments where one of the segments includes a cap independent translation enhancer (CITE) operationally linked to a passenger gene.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a soluble binding complex comprising a soluble gp120 trimer, in which only two gp120 protomers have CD4 binding sites occupied by interconnecting CD4 mimetic moieties, thereby allowing for the exposure of CD4-induced epitopes on the mimetic-bound protomers and an unoccupied CD4 binding site on the third gp120 protomer.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a cyanide detection method using fluorescence and cyanide sensitive boronic acid containing fluorophores, wherein a change in a measured fluorescent property correlates to the concentration of the cyanide compound in a biological or environmental test sample.

Abstract: A method of making a synthetic glycopeptide, by addition of a synthetic oligosaccharide oxazoline to a GlcNAc-containing peptide precursor in the presence of an enzyme selected from among Endo-A and Endo-M. In a specific implementation, the method is utilized to synthesize a trivalent V3-domain glycopeptide including three V3-domain glycopeptides on a scaffold, wherein the three V3-domain glycopeptides are arranged to mimic the V3 domain presentation in trimeric gp120. Such trivalent V3-domain glycopeptides can be utilized in a vaccine for the treatment or prevention of HIV-1 infection.

Abstract: Quaternary nitrogen heterocyclic boronic acid-containing compounds are described, which are sensitive to glucose and fructose, as well as a variety of other physiologically important analytes, such as aqueous chloride and iodide, and a method of using the compounds. Also disclosed is a contact lens doped with the quaternary nitrogen heterocyclic boronic acid-containing compound, and a method of using the doped contact lens to measure the concentration of analyte in tears under physiological conditions.

Abstract: A method for decreasing cell death in a cell exhibiting aggregation of polyalanine-containing proteins. The method includes introduction of an expression vector to a host cell comprising a nucleotide sequence encoding ubiquilin, followed by maintaining the transformed host cell under biological conditions sufficient for expression and accumulation of the ubiquilin in the host cell, wherein overexpression of ubiquilin reduces sensitivity of cell stress induced by expanded polyalanine proteins.

Abstract: A Perkinsus heterologous expression system that is useful to produce recombinant proteins, e.g., from related parasites of medical and veterinary relevance. This expression system increases the number of genes that can be targeted for protein structure/function studies, production of antigens, and in vitro drug screening. Also described is a transfection system for Perkinsus species, including a transfection vector expressing heterologous DNA encoding one or more Apicomplexa proteins.

Abstract: The present invention relates to high content surface areas containing nickel and/or cobalt metallic compounds assembled on a modified Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) template, wherein the modified TMV template is engineered to encode unique placement of cysteine residues that self-assemble onto gold patterned surfaces in a substantially aligned fashion, producing a >10 fold increase in surface area. Deposition of ionic metals onto the surface assembled virus templates produce uniform metal coatings for the fabrication of oriented high surface area materials.

Abstract: The present invention relates to detecting and/or measuring scattering effects due to the aggregating metallic nanostructures or the interaction of plasmonic emissions from approaching metallic nanoparticles. The scattering effects may be measured at different angles, different wavelengths, changes in absorption and/or changes in polarization relative to changes in the distances between nanoparticles.

Abstract: Production and use of a sulfur-containing compound, tropodithietic acid (TDA), from the roseobacter Silicibacter sp. TM1040 is described. Specifically, a biosynthetic and regulatory pathway for TDA biosynthesis in roseobacters is described. The TDA produced from roseobacters, specifically Silicibacter sp. TM1040, is shown to have antibacterial activity, in particular against Vibrio anguillarium, Vibrio cholerae, Vibrio coralliilyticus, Vibrio shiloi, Halomonas spp., Mycobacterium marinum, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Pseudomonas elongate, Spongiobacter nikelotolerans, and Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA).

Abstract: The present invention provides for increasing fluorescence detection in surface assay systems while increasing kinetics of a bioreaction therein by providing low-power microwaves to irradiate metallic materials within the system in an amount sufficient to increase heat thereby affecting the kinetics of a bioreaction therein.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of imaging structures and features using plasmonic emissions from metallic surfaces caused by chemiluminescence based chemical and biological reactions wherein imaging of the reactions is enhanced by the use of microwave energy and further enhanced by using metallic geometric structures for spatially and temporally controlling the biological and chemical reactions.

Abstract: The present invention relates to affinity biosensing using polarization of light scattering of aggregated noble metallic nanostructures to determine concentration of an analyte in a test sample. This new sensing system utilizes the changes in polarized plasmonic scattering from nanostructures as the nanostructures aggregate due to binding of the analyte to a binding partner attached to the surface of the metallic nanostructure.

Abstract: A method and assay are described for determining prostate cancer and the general stage of progression of such cancer by quantifying levels of expression of different galectin isoforms and/or different levels of promoter methylation of such galectin isoforms.

Abstract: The present invention relates to multivalent HIV inhibitors that bind to multiple sites on a trimeric gp120 complex thereby blocking the CD4 binding site on the trimeric gp120 complex and inhibiting the attachment and entry of HIV through gp120-CD4 interactions.

Abstract: A method and assay are described for determining prostate cancer and the general stage of progression of such cancer by quantifying levels of promoter methylation of gal-3, optionally in combination with the quantification of the level of GSTP1 promoter methylation, where the method and assay are non-invasive to a subject and can detect any of Stages I-IV prostate cancer.

Abstract: A recombinant double stranded RNA (dsRNA) phage expresses dsRNA-encoded genes in eukaryote cells. Recombinant dsRNA phage are useful for the expression of dsRNA expression cassettes encoding passenger genes, such as, but not restricted to, vaccine antigens, bioactive proteins, immunoregulatory proteins, antisense RNAs, and catalytic RNAs in eukaryotic cells or tissues. Methods are provided to deliver recombinant dsRNA phage to eukaryotic cells and tissues, either by direct administration, formulated in lipid or polylactide-coglycolide, or by utilizing a bacterial vaccine vector.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a constructed oligosaccharide cluster, optionally bonded to an immunogenic protein, that can be administered to a subject to induce an immune response for increasing production of 2G12 and/or used in assays as reactive sites for determining compounds that inactivate and/or bind the high-mannose oligosaccharide cluster. Compositions comprising these clusters, methods of using these clusters and compositions are disclosed.