Abstract: A co-processor for performing a matrix multiplication of an input matrix with a data matrix in one step may be provided. The co-processor receives input signals for the input matrix as optical signals. A plurality of photonic memory elements is arranged at crossing points of an optical waveguide crossbar array. The plurality of memory elements is configured to store values of the data matrix. Input signals are connected to input lines of the optical waveguide crossbar array. Output lines of the optical waveguide crossbar array represent a dot-product between a respective column of the optical waveguide crossbar array and the received input signals, and values of elements of the input matrix to be multiplied with the data matrix correspond to light intensities received at input lines of the respective photonic memory elements. Additionally, different wavelengths are used for each column of the input matrix optical signals.

Abstract: Disclosed is a compound of formula (I), wherein Q, U, T, A, a, b, c, and n are as defined herein. Also disclosed are methods of inhibiting ecto-5?-nucleotidase, inhibiting suppression of an antitumor immune response, inhibiting tumor growth of a cancerous tumor, inhibiting metastasis of cancer in a mammal afflicted with cancer, synergistically enhancing a response of a mammal afflicted with cancer undergoing treatment with an immunotherapeutic anti-cancer agent, potentiating an activity of an inhibitor of nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase in a mammal undergoing treatment of a mammal with the inhibitor, and treating preeclampsia in a mammal in need thereof, comprising administering to an animal an effective amount of a compound of formula (I).